Message

(1) A message is an individual piece of e-mail.

(2) In computer systems in general, a message is an information unit that the system sends back to the user or system operator with information about the status of an operation, an error, or other condition.

(3) Using some telecommunication or data access methods, a message can be the unit of information or data that is transmitted from one program or user to another.

(4) In messaging, which is the formal exchange of event notification, requests, or replies between programs through a messaging server, a message is data in a specified format that describes an event, a request, or a reply between programs.

(5) In object-oriented programming, a message is the way that one program object requests an action from another object. A message specifies the name of the object to which the request is made, the action (or method) to be performed, and any parameter or value that needs to be specified for this request.

XP

One other well-known methodologies in application development is Extreme Programming, or XP, which stresses iterative development, constant testing and collaborative development. Iterative development is a key issue. Unlike the“waterfall” approach, in which a project progresses from stage to stage, iterative development lets successive increments of the project go through the cycles, allowing for constant feedback and course corrections.

消息

(1) 消息是一段獨(dú)立的電子郵件。

(2) 就一般的計(jì)算機(jī)而言，消息是系統(tǒng)發(fā)送給用戶(hù)或系統(tǒng)操作員的信息單元，它含有某個(gè)操作的狀態(tài)、錯(cuò)誤或其他條件的信息。

(3) 在使用某些通信或數(shù)據(jù)存取方式時(shí)，消息可以是從程序或用戶(hù)發(fā)送給另一方的信息或數(shù)據(jù)單元。

(4) 在消息傳送中，它是通過(guò)傳信服務(wù)器在程序之間進(jìn)行事件通知、請(qǐng)求或答復(fù)的正式交換，消息是按規(guī)定格式寫(xiě)成的數(shù)據(jù)，它描述程序之間的事件、請(qǐng)求或答復(fù)。

(5) 在面向?qū)ο缶幊讨?，消息是一個(gè)程序?qū)ο笠罅硪粋€(gè)對(duì)象完成一個(gè)動(dòng)作的方法。消息規(guī)定了發(fā)出請(qǐng)求的對(duì)象的名字、要完成的動(dòng)作(或方法)以及需要為此請(qǐng)求指定的任何參數(shù)或數(shù)值。

XP

極限編程(XP)是另外一個(gè)著名的應(yīng)用程序開(kāi)發(fā)方法論，它強(qiáng)調(diào)迭代開(kāi)發(fā)、不斷測(cè)試和協(xié)作開(kāi)發(fā)。迭代開(kāi)發(fā)是關(guān)鍵。迭代開(kāi)發(fā)與“瀑布”法不同，在瀑布法中，一個(gè)(軟件開(kāi)發(fā))項(xiàng)目按部就班地從一個(gè)階段進(jìn)入下一個(gè)階段，而迭代開(kāi)發(fā)讓項(xiàng)目在整個(gè)周期中連續(xù)不斷地進(jìn)行，允許不斷的反饋和過(guò)程的修正。