2022年考研英語(yǔ)二真題及答案

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完形填空

Harlan coben believes that if you're a writer，you'll find the time;and that if you can't find the time，then writing isn't a priority and you're not a writer.For him,writing is a ① job ,a job like any other .He has ② it with plambing . Pointing out that a flamber doesn't wake up and say that he can't wofk with pipes today ③ .like most writers these days, you're holding down a job to pay the bills, it's not ④ to find the time to write. But it' s not impossible ,ltrequires determination and single-mindedness. ⑤ that most best selling authors began writing when they were doing other things to earn a living.And today, even writers who are fairly ⑥ often have to do other work to ⑦ their writing income.

As Harlan Coben has suggested it's a ⑧ of priorities.To make writing a priority.you'll have to ⑨ Some of your day-to-day activities and Same things you really enjoy, Depending on your ⑩ and your lifestyle .that might mean spending less time watching television orlistening to music, though some people can write ? they listen to music.you might have to ? the amount of exercise or sport you do.You'll have to make social media an ? activity rather than a daily, time-consuming ?.There 'll probably have to be less socialising with your with your family . It's a ?learningcurve,and it won't always make you popular.There's just one thing you should try to keep at least some time for ? your writing and that's reading . Any write needs to read as mach and as widely as they can. It's the one ? sapporter -Something you can't do without.Time is finite,The older you yet,the ? it seems to go. We need to use it as carefully and as ? as we can.that means prioritising out activities so that we spend most time on the things we really want to do.lf you are a writer,that means ? writing.

1、

A.difficult

B.normal

C.steady

D.pleasant

答案：B

2、

A.combined

B.compared

C.confused

D.confranted

答案：B

3、

A.If

B.Through

C.Once

D.Unless

答案：A

4、

A.enough

B.strange

C.wrong

D.easy

答案：D

5、

A.Accept

B.Explain

C.Remember

D.Suppose

答案：C

6、

A.well-known

B.well-advised

C.well-informed

D.well-chosen

答案：A

7、

A.donate

B.generate

C.supplement

D.calculate

答案：C

8、

A.cause

B.purpose

C.question

D.condition

答案：C

9、

A.highlight

B.sacrifice

C.continue

D.explore

答案：B

10、

A.relations

B.interests

C.memoties

D.skills

答案：B

11、

A.until

B.because

C.while

D.before

答案：C

12、

A.put up with

B.make up for

C.hang on to

D.cut down on

答案：D

13、

A.intelligent

B.occasional

C.intensive

D.emotional

答案：B

14、

A.habit

B.test

D.decision

D.plan

答案：A

15、

A.tough

B.gentle

C.rapid

D.funny

答案：A

16、

A.in addition to

B.in charge of

C.in response to

D.in addition to

答案：D

17、

A.indispensable

B.innovative

C.invisible

D.instant

答案：A

18、

A.duller

B.harder

C.quieter

D.quicker

答案：B

19、

A.peacefully

B.generously

C.productively

D.gratefully

答案：C

20、

A.at most

B.in turn

C.on average

D.above all

答案：D

閱讀理解

Text 1

"Reskilling"is something that sounds like a buzzword but is actually a requirement if we pl to have a future inwhich a lot of would- be worke do not get left behind.We know we are moving i a period where thejobs in demand will change rapidly, as will the requirements of the jobs that remain.ResearchbytheWorld Economic Forum finds that on average 42 percentof the " core skill within job roles will change by 2022.That is a very short timeline.

The question of who should pay for reskilling is athorny one.For individual companies,the temptation is always to let go of workers whose skills are no longer in demand and replace them with those whose skills are.That does not alway happen.AT&Tis often given as the gold standar of a company that decided to do massive reskilling program rather than go with a fire-and-hire strategy. Other companies had also pledged to create thel own plans.When the skills mismatchis in the broader economy, though, the focus usually turns to government to handle.Effortsin Canadaand elsewhere have been arguablylanguid at best,arhave given us a situation where we frequently heThequestion of who should pay for reskilling is a thorny one.For individual companies,the temptation is alwaysto let go of workers whose skills are no longer in demand and replace them with those whose skills are.That does not alway happen.AT&Tis often given asthe gold standar of a company that decided to do massive reskilling program rather than go with a fire- and-hire strate gy.Other companies had also pledged to create thel ownplans.When the skills mismatchis in the broader economy, though, the focus usually turns to

government to handle. Effortsin Canada and elsewhere have been arguablylanguid at best,ar have given us a .situation where we frequently hear.of employers begging for workers,even at times and in regions whereunemployment is high.

With the pandemic, unemployment is very high indeedln February,at 3 ,5United States were at generational lows and workershortages were everywhere.As ofMay,those rates had spi upto13.3per cent and 13.7 per cent,and although many

worker shortages had disappeared, not all had doneso.In the medical fheld, to take an obvious example,thepandemic meant that there were still clear shortagesofdoctors,nurses and other medical personnel.ofemployers begging for workers,even at times and inregions where unemployment is high.

With the pandemic, unemployment is very high indeedIn February,at 3.5United States were at generational lows and workershortages were everywhere.As ofMay,those rates had spi upto13.3per cent and 13.7 per cent,and althoug manyworker shortages had disappeared, not all had doneso.In the medical fheld, to take an obvious example,thepandemic meant that there were still clear shortagesofdoctors,nurses and other medical personnel.

Of course,it is not like you can take an unemployedwaiter and train him to be a doct in а few weeks. Buteven if you cannot close that gap, may be you can close

even if you cannot close that gap, may be you can closeothers, and doing so would be to the benefit of all concerned.That seems to be the case in Sweden: Whenforced to furlough 90 per cent of their cabin staff,Scandinavian Airlines decided to start upa shortretraining program that reskilled the laid-off work ers tosupport hospital staff.The effort was a collec tive oneand involved other companies as wellas a Swedishuniversity.

Text2

26、The survey conducted by Harris Poll indicates that

A.over half of the retirees are physally fit for work

B.the old workforce is as active as the younger one

C.one in three Americans enjoy earlier retirement

D.more Americans are willing to work in retirement

27、It can be inferred from Paragraph 3 that Americans tend to think that

A.retirement may cause problems for them

B.boredom can be relieved after retirement

C.the mental health of retirees is overlooked

D."unretirement " contributes to the economy

28、Retirement pattems are changing partly due to

A. labor shortages

B. population growth

C . longer life expectancy

D. rising living costs

29、Many retires are inreasing ir swines by

A.investing more in stocks

B.investing more in stocks

C.taking up odd jobs

D.spending less

30、With regard to retirement，Brent Weiss thinks that many people are

A.unprepared

B.Unafraid

C.disappointed

D.enthusiastic

31.

text 3

We have all encountered them, in both our personal and professional lives Think about the times you felt tricked or frustrated by a membership oribscription that had a seamless sign-up process but was later difficult to cancelSomething that should be simple and transparent can be complicated, intentionallyor unintentionally, in ways that impair consumer choice, hese are examp-k patternsFirst

coined in 2010 by user experience expert Harry Brignull, dark patterns"is a catch-all term for practices that manipulate user interfaces to influence thedecision-making ability of users. Brignull identifhes 12 types of common darkatterns, ranging from

misdirection and hidden costs to roach motel, " where alser experience seems easy and intuitive at the start, but turns difficult when theuser tries to get out.In a 2019 study of 53,000 product pages and 11, 000 websites, researchersfound that about one in 10 employs these design practices. Though widelyprevalent, the concept of dark patterns is still not well understood. Business andnonproft leaders should be aware of dark patterns and try to avoid the gray areasthey engenderWhere is the line between ethical, persuasive design and dark patterns ?Businesses should engage In conversations with Il, compliance, risk, and legalteams to review their privacy policy, and include in the discussion thecustomer/user experience designers and coders responsible for the company's userinterface, as well as the marketers and advertisers responsible for sign-ups,checkout baskets, pricing, and promotions. Any or all these teams can play a roleln creating or avoiding' 'digital deceptionL awmakers and regulators are slowly starting to address the ambiguityaround dark patterns, most recently at the state level. In March, the Californiaamountnced the approval of additional conversations with II, compliance, risk, and legalteams to review their privacy policy, and include in the discussion thecustomer/ user

experience designers and coders responsible for the company's userinterface, as well as the marketers and advertisers responsibl for sign-ups,checkout baskets, pricing, and promotions. Any or all these teams can play a roleln creating or avoiding" digital deceptionL _awmakers and regulators are slowly starting to address the ambiguityaround dark patterns, most recently at the state level.

In March, the Californiaamountnced the approval of additional regulations under thnen seeking to exercise their data privacy rights. " Theregulations aim to ban dark pattems -this means prohibiting companies fromusing' 'confusing language or unnecessary steps such as forcing them to clickthrough multiple screens or listen to

reasons why they shouldnt opt outAs more states consider promulgating additional regulations, there is a needfor greater accountability from within the business community. Dark patterns alsobe addressed on a self-regulatory basis, butsonly if

organizations holdthemselves accountable, not just to legal requirements, but also to industry bestpractices and standard

31. It.an be leamed fom he frst two paragraphs that dark pttrens

A. improve user experiences

B. leak user ifnriation for profit

C. undermine users' decision-making

D. remind users of hidden costs

32. The 2019 study on dark patterns is mentioned to show

A.their major flaws

B. their complex designs

C.their severe damage

D.their strong presence

33.To handle digital deception,businesses should --------

listen to customer feedback

talk with relevant terms

turn to independent agencies

rely on professional training

34. The additional regulations under the CCPA are intened to ----

guide users through opt-out processes

protect consumers from being tricked

grant companies data privacy rights

restrict access to problematic content

35.According to the last paragraph ，a key to coping with dark patterns is -----

new legal requirements

businesses' self-discipine

strict regulatory standars

consumers' safety awareness

翻譯

46、Although we try out best,sometimes our paintings rarely turn out as originally planned.Changes in the light,the limitations of your painting materials,and the lack of experience and technique mean that what you start out trying to achieve may not come to life the way that you expected.

Although this can be frustrating and disappointing,itturns out that this can actually be good for you.

Unexpected result have two benefits: you pretty quicklylearn to deal with disappointment and realise that when one door closes, anther opens. You also quickly learn to adapt and come up with creative solutions to the problems the painting presents and thinking outside the box will become your second nature.

In fact, creative problem-solving skills are incrediblyuseful in daily life, with which you are more likely to beable to find a solution when a problem arises.

作文

47、suppose you are planning a campus food festival ,write an mail to international students in youruniversity to

1) introduce the food festival and

2) invite them to participate

48、Write an essay based on the chart below.ln your writing,you should

1)interpret the chart,and

2)give your comments