2015年鄭州大學(xué)考博英語(yǔ)真題

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Bangladeshi   communities   that   are   already   being   poisoned   b y   arsenic-tainted   ( 含砷 ) groundwater are facing an appalling new threat. Their rice and vegetables are also laced with high levels of arsenic.

The health effects of eating such tainted food are not yet known, but the ramifications (門類) could  be  enormous.  The  WHO  says  contaminated  drinking  water  alone  could  kill  270,000 Bangladeshis over the next decade.

In  a  terrible  irony,  arsenic  entered  the Bangladeshi  water  supply when  UNICEF and  other international agencies sank millions  of tube wells to provide clean drinking water. But the wells tapped   into   groundwater   contaminated   by   arsenic   from   sedimentary   deposits   deep   below Bangladesh.

To deal with the problem, UNICEF and the World Bank have been testing water from wells and marking them safe or dangerous — but that testing program has been found to be flawed. To make matters worse, water from the wells is also used to irrigate paddy fields. However, until now

it  wasn’t  known whether  or  not  the  rice  was  accumulating  arsenic.  Tests  on  rice  samples  from around Bangladesh and found that arsenic levels did indeed vary according to the strength of local arsenic contamination in the soil and groundwater.

Arsenic levels in different varieties of rice ranged from about 0.05 to 1.8 parts per million. In

Europe and the US, levels are around 0.05 parts per million. The WHO recommends a maximum level  of  0.01  parts  per  million  in  drinking  water  —  but  there  are  no  guidelines  for  levels  in foods,Ravi  Naidu  at  CSIRO  in  Adelaide  and  his  colleagues  have  been  studying  the  uptake  of arsenic from the soil b y Bangladeshi crops.

Their  data shows that arum,  a popular  vegetable,  has arsenic levels  of nearl y 150 parts  per million. It is usuall y grown in wet zones adjacent to the tube wells. But some vegetables such as spinach and beans  are relatively free from  arsenic.  The rice grains  studied by Naidu’s team had arsenic levels that ranged from undetectable to over 1.6 parts per million. Their calculations show that nearly 30 per cent of the total arsenic intake for  people in Bangladesh may be coming from their food.

If the body can absorb arsenic from food—and this is yet to be proven - then merely tackling drinking water contamination will not be enough. Researchers fear that paddy（水稻）  fields will continue  to  be  irrigated  from  poisoned  tube  wells  because  Bangladesh  does  not  have  enough arsenic-free water for agriculture.

71. The central idea of the passage is about ________.

[A] the contamination of water and crops in Bangladesh

[B] how to cultivate rice free of arsenic

[C] the serious consequences of arsenic intake

[D] how to solve the water shortage problems in Bangladesh

72. From the passage we learn that water contamination of Bangladesh was caused b y ________.

[A] mining the sedimentary deposits under Bangladesh

[B] the help from UNICEF and other international agencies

[C] refining the arsenic from groundwater

[D] river water that flow into the tube wells

73. The passage implies that the arsenic in drinking water in Europe and the US is ________.

[A] around 1.8 parts per million [B] around 0.05 parts per million

[C] over 0.5 parts per million [D] less than 0.01 parts per million

74. In order to reduce arsenic intake, the Bangladeshis should avoid eating ________.

[A] arum [B] spinach [C] beans [D] rice

75. Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?

[A] Water accounts for 70% of the arsenic intake for the Bangladeshis.

[B] Researchers doubt that the body can absorb arsenic from food.

[C] People in Bangladesh will soon be free of arsenic intake.

[D] Crops in Bangladesh will continue to be irrigated from poisoned tube wells.

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