2018年重慶大學(xué)考博英語真題

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She’s cute, no question. Symmetrical features, flawless skin, looks to be 22 years old — entering any meat-market bar, a woman lucky enough to have this face would turn enough heads to stir a breeze. But when Victor Johnston points and clicks, the face on his computer screen changes into a state of superheated, crystallized beauty. “You can see it. It’s just so extraordinary，” says Johnston, a professor of biopsychology at New Mexico State University who sounds a little in love with his creation. The transformation from pretty woman to knee-weakening babe is all the more amazing because the changes wrought by Johnston’s software are, objectively speaking, quite subtle. He created the original face by digitally averaging 16 randomly selected female Caucasian faces. The changing program then exaggerated the ways in which female faces differ from male faces, creating, in human-beauty-science field, a “hyper-female”. The eyes grew a bit larger, the nose narrowed slightly and the lips plumped. These are shifts of just a few millimeters, but experiments in this country and Scotland are suggesting that both males and females find “feminized” versions of averaged faces more beautiful. Johnston hatched this little movie as part of his ongoing study into why human beings find some people attractive and others homely. He may not have any rock-solid answers yet, but he is far from alone in attempting to apply scientific inquiry to so ambiguous a subject. Around the world, researchers are marching into territory formerly staked out by poets and painters to uncover the under-pinnings of

human attractiveness.

The research results so far are surprising 一 and humbling. Numerous studies indicate that human beauty may not be simply in the eye of the beholder or an arbitrary cultural artifact. It may be ancient and universal, wrought through ages of evolution that rewarded reproductive winners and killed off losers. If beauty is not truth, it may be health and fertility: Halle Berry’s flawless skin may fascinate moviegoers because, at some deep level, it persuades us that she is parasite-free. Human attractiveness research is a relatively young and certainly contentious field — the allure of hyper-females, for example, is still hotly debated — but those on its front lines agree on one point: We won’t conquer “l(fā)ooksism” until we understand its source. As psychologist Nancy Etcoff puts it: “The idea that beauty is unimportant or a cultural construct is the real beauty myth. We have to understand beauty, or we will always be enslaved by it. ’’

41. The woman described in the very beginning of the text is .

A. in fact in her late twenties B. Johnston’s ideal girlfriend

C. a stunning beauty D. is a professional prostitute

42. Victor Johnston synthesized a new face by combining the features of 16 .

A. beautiful European women B. different women around the world

C. casually chosen white women D. ordinary western women

43. Through a few tiny changes made by Johnston, the synthesized face became even more

A. masculine B. average C. feminine D. neutral

44. Victor Johnston has produced such an attractive face in order to .

A. give his computer a beautiful screen

B. study the myth of human attractiveness

C. prove the human capacity to create beauties

D. understand why Caucasian faces are special

45. Paragraph 4 suggests that human beauty may be .

A. culturally different B. a disease-free idol

C. individual-dependent D. a world agreed value

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