2013年南京大學(xué)考博英語真題3

Directions: There are five passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A9 B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice and blacken your answer in the corresponding letter on your ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center.

Passage 1

Do you think that all human beings have a u comfort zone” regulating the distance they stand from someone when they talk? This distance varies in interesting ways among people of different cultures. Greeks, others of the Eastern Mediterranean, and many of those from South America normally stand quite close together when they talk, often moving their faces even closer as they warm up in a conversation. North Americans find this awkward and often back away a few inches. Studies have found that they tend to feel most comfortable at about 21 inches apart. In much of Asia and Africa, there is even more space between two speakers in conversation. This greater space subtly lends an air of dignity and respect. This manner of space is nearly always unconscious, but it is interesting to observe. This difference applies also to the closeness with which people sit together, the extent to which they lean over one another in conversation, and how they move as they argue or make an emphatic point. In the United States, for example, people try to keep their bodies apart even in a crowded elevator； in Paris they take it as it comes!

Although North Americans have a relatively wide “comfort zone” for talking, they communicate a great deal with their hands — not only with gesture but also with touch. They put a sympathetic hand on a person’s shoulder to demonstrate warmth of feeling or an arm around him in sympathy ； they nudge a man in the ribs to emphasize a funny story； they put an arm in reassurance or stroke a child’s head in affection； they readily take someone’s arm to help him cross a street or direct him along an unfamiliar route. To many people — especially those from Asia or the Moslem countries — such bodily contact is unwelcome, especially if inadvertently done with the left hand. The left hand carries no special significance in the U. S. Many Americans are simply left-handed and use that hand more.

31. In terms of bodily distance, North Americans .

A. are similar to South Americans B. stand farthest apart

C. feel ill at ease when too close D. move nearer during conversations

32. It can be inferred from the passage that in a crowded elevator, a Frenchmen .

A. would behave in the same way as an American would

B. would make no particular effort to distance himself

C. would be afraid of bodily contact

D. would do his best to leave

33. An American puts his hand on another man’s shoulder .

A. to show apathy B. to show passion

C. to show friendliness D. to disguise his feeling

34. The passage mainly concerns .

A. distance and contact

B. body language

C. cultural differences between the East and the West

D. hand signals

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