摘要:英語學(xué)習(xí)始于單詞,考研英語大綱當(dāng)中也要求考生至少要熟練掌握5500左右的單詞數(shù)量。以下是希賽網(wǎng)整理的考研英語詞匯(十三),希望能對各位考生有所幫助。
考生們多記單詞不僅能幫助自己理解文章,還能在寫作時豐富內(nèi)容。希賽網(wǎng)整理了考研英語常用詞匯(十三),供各位研考生查看參考。更多考研英語詞匯內(nèi)容,點擊考研英語常用詞匯匯總進(jìn)行查看。
高頻詞:
1. appeal [??pi?l] v./n.
v. 上訴,申訴;有吸引力,有感染力;呼吁,吁請;啟發(fā),勸說,打動
n. 上訴,申訴;吸引力,感染力,魅力;呼吁,吁請,懇求;啟發(fā),打動
常用搭配:appeal to sb./sth. against sth. 上訴;申訴
appeal to sb. 有吸引力;有感染力;引起興趣
appeal to sb. for sth. 呼吁;吁請;懇求
appeal to sth. 啟發(fā);勸說;打動
to lodge/file an appeal 提出上訴
appeal to sb. for sth./appeal to sb. to do sth. 呼吁,吁請,懇求
appeal to sth. 啟發(fā);打動
例句:The company is appealing against the ruling.
公司正對判決提出申訴。
I relied on an appeal to his finer feelings.
我寄望能打動他的愛心。
拓展:
同:attract, charm, fascinate; plead, beg, implore, petition; asking, request, motion, charm
派:appealing 吸引人的;動人的;引起興趣的;懇求似的
appealable 可上訴的
appealingly 上訴地;哀求地;吸引人地
appealingness 有感染力;吸引人;哀訴;懇求
2. application [??pl??ke??n] n.
n. 應(yīng)用;申請;應(yīng)用程序;敷用;(對事物、學(xué)習(xí)等)投入
常用搭配:practical application 實際應(yīng)用
application for 申請
clinical application 臨床應(yīng)用
wide application 應(yīng)用廣泛
application form 申請表,申請書
application to sb. for sth./to do sth. 申請;請求;申請書;申請表
a planning/passport application 規(guī)劃 / 護(hù)照申請
application of sth.to sth. 應(yīng)用,運用
例句:His application to the court for bail has been refused.
他向法庭申請保釋遭到拒絕。
The invention would have wide application/a wide range of applications in industry.
這項發(fā)明會在工業(yè)中得到廣泛應(yīng)用。
拓展:
同:request
派:applicable 可適用的;可應(yīng)用的;合適的
applicative 可適用的
applicatory 適用的;有用的;可應(yīng)用的
applicant 申請人,申請者;請求者
3. apply [??pla?] v.
v. 申請,請求;使用,應(yīng)用;涂,敷;有關(guān),涉及;勤奮;用力壓
常用搭配:apply to sb./sth. for sth. 申請,請求
apply sth. to sth. 使用,應(yīng)用;涂,敷,施
apply to sb./sth. 有關(guān);涉及
apply yourself to sth./to doing sth. 勤奮工作;努力學(xué)習(xí)
例句:The new technology was applied to farming.
這項新技術(shù)已應(yīng)用于農(nóng)業(yè)。
We applied our minds to finding a solution to our problem.
我們絞盡腦汁尋求解決問題的辦法。
拓展:
同:ask, sue for; use, avail, utilize
派:applied 應(yīng)用的;實用的
4. approach [??pr??t?] v./n.
v. 接近;建議,要求;接近;著手處理,對付
n. 方式,方法,態(tài)度;靠近,接近;建議,要求;通路,路徑;相似事物
構(gòu)詞:ap 加強 + proach 接近,靠近 → 接近
常用搭配:approach sb. (about/for sth.)/ approach sb. (about doing sth.) 接洽;建議;要求
approach to sth. 方式,方法,態(tài)度
例句:She approached the bank for a loan.
她向銀行申請貸款。
The school has decided to adopt a different approach to discipline.
學(xué)校決定采取另外一種方式解決紀(jì)律問題。
拓展:
同:bear down; method, manner, means, mode, way
派:approachable 親切的;可接近的
approachability 可接近性;易接近
5. appropriate [??pr??pri?t] adj./v.
adj. 合適的;恰當(dāng)?shù)?
v. 盜用;挪用;占用;侵吞;撥(專款等)
構(gòu)詞:ap 加強 + propri 擁有 + ate 使…… → 強行擁有〔公物〕→ 挪用
常用搭配:appropriate for/to sth. 合適的;恰當(dāng)?shù)?
appropriate sth. (for sth.) 撥(??畹?
例句:Now that the problem has been identified, appropriate action can be taken.
現(xiàn)在既已找出問題的癥結(jié),即可采取適當(dāng)行動。
Five million dollars has been appropriated for research into the disease.
已撥款五百萬元用于這種疾病的研究。
拓展:
同:convenient, proper, suitable, adequate, becoming; engage, take up to
派:appropriately 適當(dāng)?shù)?合適的;相稱地
appropriateness 適當(dāng);適合
appropriator 占用者;擅用者
低頻詞:
1. afford [??f??d] v.
v. 買得起;做,能做;承擔(dān)得起(后果);提供;給予
例句:She felt she couldn’t afford any more time off work.
她覺得再也抽不出時間歇班了。
The programme affords young people the chance to gain work experience.
這項計劃給年輕人提供了獲得工作經(jīng)驗的機會。
拓展:
同:offer, furnish, provide, supply
派:affordable 負(fù)擔(dān)得起的
2. aftermath [?ɑ?ft?m?θ] n.
n. 后果,創(chuàng)傷
例句:A lot of rebuilding took place in the aftermath of the war.
戰(zhàn)后進(jìn)行了大量的重建工作。
The aftermath of war is hunger and disease.
戰(zhàn)爭的后果是饑餓與疾病。
拓展:
同:consequence, outcome, result, sequel, backwash
派:aftereffect 后果;余波
3. agenda [??d?end?] n.
n. 議程表,議事日程
構(gòu)詞:ag 做;代理;引導(dǎo) + enda 表示名詞多數(shù) → 做的事情 → 議程
例句:For the government, education is now at the top of the agenda.
對政府來說,現(xiàn)在教育是當(dāng)務(wù)之急。
This is sure to be an item on the agenda next week.
這一定會成為下星期議事日程上的一項議題。
拓展:
同:schedule, calendar, timetable
4. aggregate [??ɡr?ɡ?t] n./adj./v.
n. 總數(shù),合計;(可成混凝土或修路等用的)集料
adj. 總數(shù)的;總計的
v. 總計;合計
構(gòu)詞:ag 加強 + greg 組,群;收集 + ate 表動詞 → 加強組群 → 聚集
常用搭配:in (the) aggregate 總共;作為總體
on aggregate 總分
aggregate sth. (with sth.) 總計,合計
例句:The rate of growth of GNP will depend upon the rate of growth of aggregate demand.
國民生產(chǎn)總值的增長率將取決于總需求的增長率。
The scores were aggregated with the first round totals to decide the winner.
此次得分與第一輪所得總分合計決出勝者。
拓展:
同:quantity, amount, dosage, collective; mass
派:aggregated 聚合的;合計的
aggregative 集合的;集團(tuán)的,集體的
aggregation [地質(zhì)][數(shù)] 聚合,聚集;聚集體,集合體
aggregator 聚合器,整合者;匯集者,聚合
5. airy [?e?ri] adj.
adj. 通風(fēng)的,空氣流通的;無憂無慮的,無所謂的,漫不經(jīng)心的;輕率的;不切實際的
常用搭配:airy promises/speculation 輕率的諾言;無端猜測
例句:He dismissed her with an airy wave.
他隨意一揮手就把她打發(fā)走了。
The room lends itself well to summer eating with its light, airy atmosphere.
這個房間又亮堂又通風(fēng),夏天在此用餐最合適不過。
拓展:
同:aerial, ventilativee
派:airless 不通風(fēng)的;沒有風(fēng)的;缺少空氣的
airlike 似空氣的
airily 輕盈地,快活地
air 空氣,大氣,天空,樣子,曲調(diào);使通風(fēng),晾干,夸耀
6. air [e?(r)] v./n.
v. 晾干;通風(fēng),透風(fēng);公開發(fā)表;播出;播送
n. 空氣,空中,天空;感覺,印象,神態(tài);曲調(diào)
常用搭配:airs and graces 擺架子;裝腔作勢
float/walk on air 歡天喜地;得意揚揚
in the air 在傳播中;流行;可感覺到的
on/off (the) air 正在 / 停止播送(電視、廣播)
up in the air 懸而未決
a breath of air 新鮮空氣;透氣
pluck sth. out of the air 脫口而出;隨意回答
例句:Our travel plans are still up in the air.
我們的旅行計劃尚未決定。
The weekly meeting enables employees to air their grievances.
周會可以讓雇員訴說他們的委屈。
拓展:
同:atmosphere, breeze, draught; behavior, action, bearing, conduct, manner; sport, ventilate
派:airy 空氣的;通風(fēng)的;幻想的;輕快的;空中的
airless 不通風(fēng)的;沒有風(fēng)的;缺少空氣的
airlike 似空氣的
airing 通風(fēng);晾干;(開車)兜風(fēng)
airer 干燥器;晾衣架
airiness 通風(fēng);空虛;微妙
7. conditioning [k?n?d??n??] n.
n. 訓(xùn)練;熏陶;條件作用
例句:Is personality the result of conditioning from parents and society, or are we born with it?
個性是受父母和社會熏陶的結(jié)果,還是我們生而有之?
You can’t open the window because it screws up the air conditioning.
你不能打開窗戶,那樣空調(diào)就不起作用了。
拓展:
同:adjustment, accommodation
派:conditional 有條件的,假定的;條件句,條件語
conditioned 有條件的,受制約的,習(xí)慣于……的
conditionally 附有條件地
condition 條件,情況,環(huán)境,身分;使適應(yīng),使健康,決定,以……為條件
conditioner 調(diào)節(jié)器,調(diào)節(jié)劑,調(diào)料槽
8. alarm [??lɑ?m] n./v.
n. 驚恐,驚慌,恐慌;警報
v. 使驚恐,使害怕,使擔(dān)心;安裝警報器
常用搭配:alarm bells ring/start ringing 警鐘敲響;發(fā)出危險信號
a burglar/fire/smoke alarm 防盜 / 防火 / 煙火警報器
例句:I felt a growing sense of alarm when he did not return that night.
那天夜里他沒有回家,我越來越感到恐慌。
The captain knew there was an engine fault but didn’t want to alarm the passengers.
船長知道一臺發(fā)動機出了故障,不過他不想驚動乘客。
拓展:
同:panic, horror, terror; exercise, alert, warn
派:alarming 令人擔(dān)憂的;使人驚恐的
alarmed 驚恐的;受驚的;焦慮的
alarmist 危言聳聽的,憂慮的;杞人憂天者,大驚小怪者
alarmingly 驚人地;讓人擔(dān)憂地
alarmism 危言聳聽;大驚小怪
9. album [??lb?m] n.
n. 相冊,影集,集郵簿;音樂專輯,歌曲專輯,歌集唱片
構(gòu)詞:alb 白色 + um → 空白的東西 → 用來放東西的冊子 → 相冊
例句:Theresa showed me her photo album.
特雷莎給我看她的相冊。
Chris likes music and has a large collection of albums and cassettes.
克里斯喜歡音樂,收集了大量的唱片和磁帶。
10. algorithm [??lɡ?r?e?m] n.
n. 算法;計算程序
例句:Don’t diddle code to make it faster -- find a better algorithm.
不要為了使代碼更快而胡亂編寫代碼——要找到更好的算法。
The algorithm is used to process color image or gray image.
此算法可適用于黑白或彩色圖像的處理。
拓展:
同:arithmetic
派:algorithmic算法的;規(guī)則系統(tǒng)的
11. alienate [?e?li?ne?t] v.
v. 使疏遠(yuǎn),使不友好,離間;使(與某群體)格格不入,使疏遠(yuǎn)
構(gòu)詞:alien 外國的,外來的 + ate 表動詞 → 把別人當(dāng)外來的人 → 疏遠(yuǎn)
常用搭配:alienate sb. (from sth./sb.) 使格格不入;使疏遠(yuǎn)
例句:His comments have alienated a lot of young voters.
他的言論使許多年輕選民離他而去。
Very talented children may feel alienated from the others in their class.
天才出眾的孩子可能覺得與班上的同學(xué)格格不入。
拓展:
同:release, convey
派:alien 外國的,相異的,性質(zhì)不同的,不相容的;外國人,外僑,外星人;讓渡,轉(zhuǎn)讓
alienated 疏遠(yuǎn)的;被疏遠(yuǎn)的
alienable 可讓與的,可轉(zhuǎn)讓的
alienation 異化,疏遠(yuǎn),轉(zhuǎn)讓,[內(nèi)科] 精神錯亂
alienator 疏遠(yuǎn)者,贈予者,轉(zhuǎn)讓者
alienee 受讓人
alienor 讓渡人
12. allegiance [??li?d??ns] n.
n. 忠誠,效忠,擁戴
常用搭配:to pledge/swear allegiance to sb./sth. 宣誓 / 發(fā)誓效忠某人 / 集體
to switch/transfer/change allegiance 轉(zhuǎn)變 / 轉(zhuǎn)移 / 改變擁戴對象
an oath/a vow/a statement of allegiance 效忠宣誓 / 誓約 / 聲明
例句:People of various party allegiances joined the campaign.
各個不同政黨的擁護(hù)者都參加了這次活動。
My allegiance to Kendall and his company ran deep.
我對肯德爾及其公司的忠誠加深了。
拓展:
同:loyalty, devotion
派:allegiant 忠實的;忠心的
13. alleviate [??li?vie?t] v.
v. 減輕;緩和;緩解
構(gòu)詞:al 加強 + levi 變輕 + ate 表動詞 → 不斷變輕 → 減輕
例句:A number of measures were taken to alleviate the problem.
采取了一系列措施緩解這個問題。
The organization works to alleviate world hunger and disease.
這個機構(gòu)致力于減少世界上的饑餓和疾病。
拓展:
同:ease, allay, lessen, moderate, relax
派:alleviative 減輕的,緩解的;緩和劑,使減輕之物
alleviation 緩和;鎮(zhèn)痛物
alleviator 減輕者;緩和劑
14. alliance [??la??ns] n.
n. 結(jié)盟,聯(lián)盟,同盟
常用搭配:alliance with sb./sth./ alliance between A and B 結(jié)盟,聯(lián)盟,同盟
to form/make an alliance 結(jié)成 / 締結(jié)同盟
例句:The Social Democrats are now in alliance with the Greens.
社會民主黨現(xiàn)在與綠黨結(jié)成聯(lián)盟。
The President’s visit was intended to cement the alliance between the two countries.
總統(tǒng)的訪問是為了加強兩國的聯(lián)盟。
拓展:
同:union, association, league, combination, unity
15. allocate [??l?ke?t] v.
v. 撥……(給);劃……(歸);分配……(給)
構(gòu)詞:al 加強 + loc 地方 + ate 表動詞 → 不斷往地方送 → 分配〔東西〕
常用搭配:allocate sth. (for sth.) / allocate sth (to sb./sth.)/ allocate (sb./sth.) sth. 撥……(給);劃……(歸);分配……(給)
例句:They intend to allocate more places to mature students this year.
今年他們打算給成人學(xué)生提供更多的名額。
A large sum has been allocated for buying new books for the library.
已劃撥了一大筆款子給圖書館購買新書。
拓展:
同:allot, distribute, portion, part, appropriate
派:allocable 可撥出的;可分配的
allocation 分配,配置;安置
allocator 分配符
16. allow [??la?] v.
v. 允許,準(zhǔn)許;給予;允許進(jìn)入;使可能;留出,給出;接受,承認(rèn),同意
常用搭配:allow sth. (for sb./sth.) 留出,給出
give/allow sb./sth. free/full rein
give/allow free/full rein to sth. 對……不加約束;放任自由;充分表達(dá)
allow for sb./sth. 考慮到;估計到;把……計算在內(nèi)
allow of sth. 容許;使有可能
例句:You need to allow three metres of fabric for the dress.
這身衣服你需要用三米布料。
All these factors must be allowed for.
所有這些因素都必須估計進(jìn)去。
拓展:
同:let, permit, afford, have, deal, extend
派:allowable 許可的;正當(dāng)?shù)?可承認(rèn)的;可獲寬免
allowably 可容許地,不礙事地
allowance 津貼,零用錢,允許,限額;定量供應(yīng)
17. allowance [??la??ns] n.
n. 津貼,補貼,補助;限額,定量;免稅額
常用搭配:personal tax allowances 個人所得免稅額
make allowance for sth. 考慮到,估計到
make allowances (for sb.) 體諒;諒解
例句:The plan makes no allowance for people working at different rates.
這個計劃沒有把人們工作速度不同考慮在內(nèi)。
Most of our flights have a baggage allowance of 44lbs per passenger.
我們大多數(shù)航班行李限重為每位乘客44磅。
拓展:
同:commission, bonus, fee, reward, pension, subsidy
派:allowable 許可的;正當(dāng)?shù)?可承認(rèn)的;可獲寬免
allowably 可容許地,不礙事地
allow 容許,考慮;允許,給予,認(rèn)可
18. alloy [??l??] v./n.
v. 把……鑄成合金
n. 合金
常用搭配:alloy sth. (with sth.) 把……鑄成合金
例句:Brass is an alloy of copper and zinc.
黃銅是銅鋅合金。
The company produces titanium alloy.
該公司生產(chǎn)鈦合金。
拓展:
同:composition metal
19. ally [??la?] v./n.
v. 與……結(jié)盟
n. 同盟國;盟友,支持者;協(xié)約國,(第二次世界大戰(zhàn)中的)同盟國
常用搭配:ally (yourself) with sb./sth. 與……結(jié)盟
例句:The prince allied himself with the Scots.
王子與蘇格蘭人結(jié)盟。
The decision left the country isolated from its allies.
這個決定使這個在盟國中受到孤立。
拓展:
同:partner, associate, friend, assistant, comrade, aid; combine, associate; band, combine, connect, league
派:allied 聯(lián)合的;同盟的
20. almost [???lm??st] adv.
adv. 幾乎;差不多
例句:The pain was almost more than he could bear.
這種痛苦幾乎使他無法忍受。
The argument ground on for almost two years.
這場爭論拖拖拉拉持續(xù)了近兩年。
拓展:
同:nearly, virtually, practically, feckly
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