摘要:考生們多記單詞不僅能幫助自己理解文章,還能在寫作時(shí)豐富內(nèi)容。以下是希賽網(wǎng)整理的考研英語詞匯(一百八十五),希望能對各位考生有所幫助。更多考研相關(guān)資訊,請關(guān)注希賽網(wǎng)MEM頻道。
英語學(xué)習(xí)始于單詞,考研英語大綱當(dāng)中也要求考生至少要熟練掌握5500左右的單詞數(shù)量。希賽網(wǎng)整理了考研英語常用詞匯(一百八十五),供各位研考生查看參考。更多考研英語詞匯內(nèi)容,點(diǎn)擊考研英語常用詞匯匯總進(jìn)行查看。
1. retain [r??te?n] v.(retains, retaining, retained, retained)
構(gòu)詞:re(再,又)+ tain(持有)→ 再次持有 → 保留,繼續(xù)擁有
vt. 保留,持有,繼續(xù)擁有;保持,繼續(xù)容納;預(yù)聘,(付定金)聘請(律師等)
拓展:
同:v. keep, keep up, hold, maintain, save
派:retainer n.保持器;保持者;[機(jī)] 護(hù)圈;預(yù)付費(fèi)用
例句:I have a bad memory and find it hard to retain facts.
我記憶力不好,很難記住事情。
He thought the most important thing was to retain the services of a lawyer.
他認(rèn)為最重要的是先聘請律師。
2. retention [r??ten?n] n.(U)
n. 維持,保留;(液體、熱量等的)保持,阻滯;記憶力,記性
常用搭配:retention time [分化]保留時(shí)間;[電子]保持時(shí)間
water retention 保水;保水性;水分保持
customer retention 顧客維系
retention period 保存期
拓展:
同:n. memory, preservation, mind, hold, reservation
派:retentiveness n.好記性,保持力
retentivity n.記憶力;保持力;保磁性
retentively adv.記性好地;保持地
retentive adj.保持的;記性好的
例句:Repeated practice aids the retention of information.
重復(fù)練習(xí)有助于加強(qiáng)記憶。
System has a retention period of three months.
系統(tǒng)對數(shù)據(jù)保留的周期是3個(gè)月。
3. retort [r??t??t] v.(retorts, retorting, retorted, retorted)/n.(retorts)
構(gòu)詞:re(回,向后)+ tort(扭,轉(zhuǎn))→ 向后(反方向)扭轉(zhuǎn) → 反駁,反擊
v. 反駁,反擊,(生氣或幽默地)回嘴
n. (生氣或幽默的)反駁,回應(yīng);曲頸瓶,蒸餾器
常用搭配:courteous retort 禮貌的反擊禮貌的還擊
拓展:
同:v. refute, disprove, talk back, answer sb. back n. contradiction, oppugnation
例句:“What did I do wrong?” she retorted angrily.
“我做錯(cuò)什么了?”她生氣地反駁道。
His retort apparently didn’t work.
他的反駁顯然沒什么作用。
4. retrieve [r??tri?v] v.(retrieves, retrieving, retrieved, retrieved)
vt. 檢索(數(shù)據(jù)),搜索(信息);取回,找回;挽回,扭轉(zhuǎn)局面
常用搭配:retrieve sth. (from sb./sth.) 取回,找回
retrieve data 檢索數(shù)據(jù)
beyond retrieve 不可恢復(fù),不可挽回
拓展:
同:v. restore, repair n. recovery, restoration, renewal
派:retrieval n.檢索;恢復(fù);取回;拯救
retriever n.(訓(xùn)練成能尋回獵物的)獵犬;取回的人
retrievable 可取回的;可補(bǔ)償?shù)?可檢索的
例句:I need to retrieve information from the database.
我需要從數(shù)據(jù)庫中檢索資料。
There’s nothing you can do to retrieve this situation.
無論你做什么都無法挽回這個(gè)局面。
5. retrospect [?retr?spekt] v.(retrospects, retrospecting, retrospected, retrospected)/n.(retrospects)
構(gòu)詞:retro(回,向后)+ spect(看)→ 向后看,向回看 → 回顧,追溯
n. 回顧,回想
vt./vi. 回顧,追溯
常用搭配:in retrospect 回顧;回想;追溯往事
拓展:
同:n. review, recalling v. look back, look back on
派:retrospective n.回顧展
retrospection n.回顧;反省;追憶
retrospectively adv.回顧地
retrospective adj.回顧的;懷舊的;可追溯的
例句:In retrospect, I should have studied harder.
回想起來,我當(dāng)時(shí)真應(yīng)該努力學(xué)習(xí)。
In retrospect and in prospect, we will create brilliance again.
回顧過去、展望未來,我們再創(chuàng)輝煌。
6. revelation [?rev??le??n] n.(revelations)
n. 被曝光的秘聞,被揭示的真相;揭露,披露,透露;(上帝的)啟示
常用搭配:revelation (about/concerning sth.) / (revelation (that…)
被曝光的秘聞,被揭示的真相
revelation (of sth.) 揭露,披露,透露
come as/be a revelation (to sb.) 讓人大開眼界,令人耳目一新,出乎意料
拓展:
同:n. exposure, message
派:revelatory adj.泄露的,啟示的
例句:His strange behavior came as a revelation to me.
他的奇怪行為讓我大開眼界(出乎我的意料)。
He was afraid that the revelation of truth would lead to his dismissal.
他害怕真相披露之后會導(dǎo)致他被辭退。
7. revenge [r??vend?] n.(revenges)/v.(revenges, revenging, revenged, revenged)
構(gòu)詞:re(再,回)+ venge(復(fù)仇)→ 返回來復(fù)仇 →報(bào)仇
n. 報(bào)仇,報(bào)復(fù);(曾經(jīng)失敗一方的)一雪前恥,打敗對手
v. 報(bào)仇,報(bào)復(fù);替……報(bào)仇
常用搭配:revenge yourself on sb./be revenged on sb. 報(bào)復(fù),向(某人)報(bào)仇
revenge for 為……報(bào)復(fù)
take revenge on 對……實(shí)施報(bào)復(fù)
拓展:
同:v. get back on, get even with, right a wrong n. vengeance, retaliation, revanche
派:revengefully adv.燃起報(bào)復(fù)念頭地
revengeful adj.深藏仇恨的;燃起復(fù)仇念頭的
辨:revenge和avenge
revenge意為“報(bào)仇,報(bào)復(fù)”,通常用作名詞,在較正式或文學(xué)用語中可做動詞。常用表達(dá)為revenge oneself on sb.或be revenged on sb.均表示“向某人報(bào)仇”。例:He swore to be revenged on his enemy.(他發(fā)誓要向敵人報(bào)仇。)
avenge意為“替……報(bào)仇,報(bào)復(fù)”,只有動詞意義。常用表達(dá)為avenge oneself on sb.“向某人報(bào)仇”;avenge sth.“報(bào)某事之仇”(注:revenge無此用法);take revenge on sb.“報(bào)復(fù)某人”。例:She vowed to avenge her daughter’s death.(她發(fā)誓要為她女兒之死報(bào)仇。)
例句:He swore to be revenged on his enemy.
他發(fā)誓要向敵人報(bào)仇。
The team decided to get revenge for their defeat in last season.
球隊(duì)決定為上個(gè)賽季的失利一雪前恥。
8. review [r??vju?] n.(reviews)/v.(reviews, reviewing, reviewed, reviewed)
n. 評審,審查,檢查,審核(以進(jìn)行必要的修改);(對書籍、戲劇、電影等的)評論,書評,影評;報(bào)告,匯報(bào);檢閱,閱兵式;(尤指為準(zhǔn)備考試的)復(fù)習(xí)課
vt. 復(fù)查,重新考慮;反思,回顧;寫(關(guān)于書籍、戲劇、電影等的)評論;檢閱(部隊(duì));(尤指為準(zhǔn)備考試而)而復(fù)習(xí);審核,校閱
常用搭配:literature review 文獻(xiàn)回顧;文獻(xiàn)綜述;文獻(xiàn)評論
judicial review n. 司法審查;復(fù)審
comprehensive review 全面審查
general review 總復(fù)習(xí);一般性綜述
拓展:
同:n. comment, retrospection v. examine, inspect, look back on/to
派:reviewer 評論者,評論家
辨:review,journal和magazine
review意為“評論雜志”,多指主要刊登評論性文章的刊物。例:He’s the major editor of the ‘Sunday Review’. (他是《星期天評論》的主編。)
journal意為“日報(bào),期刊,雜志”,指定期發(fā)行的周刊、月刊、季刊等,多指學(xué)術(shù)或?qū)I(yè)團(tuán)體出版的刊物或?qū)W報(bào)。例:He just published a paper in the journal Nature.(他剛剛在《自然》雜志上發(fā)表了一篇論文。)
magazine意為“雜志”,常用詞,指刊登各種文章、圖片等的雜志。例:The cover of this magazine is very attractive.(這本雜志的封面很吸引人。)
例句:The government reviews its education policy regularly.
政府會定期對其教育政策進(jìn)行檢討。
His parole application is under review.
他的假釋申請正在審查中。
9. revise [r??va?z] v.(revises, revising, revised, revised)
構(gòu)詞:re(再,又)+ vis(=see,看)+ e →再看,重新審查 →修改,修正
v. 修改,修訂,修正;改變(意見或計(jì)劃);復(fù)習(xí),溫習(xí)
常用搭配:revise for v. 復(fù)習(xí)功課(迎考)
拓展:
同:v. update, edit, amend, emend, remedy, correct, rectify, n. recension, emendation
派:revised v.修改;校訂;復(fù)習(xí)
revision n.[印刷] 修正;復(fù)習(xí);修訂本
revisionism n.修正主義
revisal n.修正;修訂
reviser n.校訂者;修訂者
revised adj.改進(jìn)的
辨:revise,amend,emend,remedy,correct和rectify
revise意為“修改,修訂,修正”,指通過仔細(xì)閱讀、反復(fù)思考后有新的內(nèi)容或想法而進(jìn)行修改、修正或修訂,使趨于完善。例:We will use a revised edition of our textbook this year.(今年我們將使用課本的修訂版。)
amend意為“修改,改進(jìn),改善”,指對書面或口頭的內(nèi)容進(jìn)行一些更正。例:The contract was amended to make it more reasonable.(該合同經(jīng)過修改之后更加合理。)
emend意為“修訂,校對”,特指修改文稿。例:The manuscript was only can be emended by the author.(這份原稿只有作者可以修改。)
remedy意為“補(bǔ)救,解決辦法”,通常指在局部范圍內(nèi)進(jìn)行糾正,尤指解決較困難或棘手的問題。例:There is no simple remedy for this situation.(這種情形沒有簡單的解決辦法。)
correct意為“改正,糾正”,常用詞,指按一定標(biāo)準(zhǔn)或規(guī)則來衡量,從而改正或糾正不正確、不真實(shí)或有缺點(diǎn)的東西。例:You should correct any mistakes that you find in your homework.(家庭作業(yè)中發(fā)現(xiàn)的任何錯(cuò)誤都要改正過來。)
rectify意為“矯正,糾正”,正式用詞,側(cè)重指徹底改正偏離正確標(biāo)準(zhǔn)或規(guī)則的東西。例:The order of the tourism market needs to be rectified.(旅游市場秩序需要進(jìn)行整頓。)
例句:We will use a revised edition of our textbook this year.
今年我們將使用課本的修訂版。
I can’t go out this weekend. I have to revise for my exam.
這個(gè)周末我不能出去,我得復(fù)習(xí)備考。
10. revive [r??va?v] v.(revives, reviving, revived, revived)
v. 復(fù)活,(使)復(fù)蘇,(使)蘇醒;重新使用,(使)再次流行;重新上演(戲劇、歌劇或芭蕾等)
拓展:
同:v. recall, reinvigorate, resurge, come back to life again
派:revived v.使復(fù)活,使恢復(fù)
revivify v.復(fù)活,再生;振奮精神
revival n.復(fù)興;復(fù)活;蘇醒;恢復(fù)精神;再生效
revivalism n.信仰復(fù)興運(yùn)動;復(fù)興傾向
revivalist n.領(lǐng)導(dǎo)宗教復(fù)興運(yùn)動的人;復(fù)舊者
revivification n.恢復(fù),還原;復(fù)活
revived adj.復(fù)活的,再生的
例句:The economy normally revives after the doldrums.
經(jīng)濟(jì)通常在蕭條期過后會復(fù)蘇。
His plays are being revived at the National Theatre.
他的劇作正在劇院重新上演。
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