考研201英語（一）在線題庫每日一練（四百一十七）

本文提供考研201英語（一）在線題庫每日一練，以下為具體內(nèi)容

1、In the movies and on television, artificial intelligence is typically depicted as something sinister that will upend our way of life. When it comes to AI in business, we often hear about it in relation to automation and the impending loss of jobs, but in what ways is AI changing companies and the larger economy that don't involve doom-and-gloom mass unemployment predictions?A recent survey of manufacturing and service industries from Tata Consultancy Services found that companies currently use AI more often in computer-to-computer activities than in automating human activities. One common application? Preventing electronic security breaches, which, rather than eliminating IT jobs, actually makes those personnel more valuable to employers, because they help firms prevent hacking attempts.Here are a few other ways AI is aiding companies without replacing employees:Better hiring practicesCompanies are using artificial intelligence to remove some of the unconscious bias from hiring decisions. “There are experiments that show that, naturally, the results of interviews are much more biased than what AI does, ” says Pedro Domingo, author of The Master Algorithm: How the quest for the Ultimate learning Machine Will Reambe Our World and a computer science 1.（  ） One company that's doing this is called Blendoor. It usesanalytics to help identify where there may be bias in the hiring process.More effective marketingSome AI software can analyze and optimize marketing email subject lines to increase open rates. One company in the UK, Phrasee, claims their software can outperform humans by up to 10 percent when it comes to email open rates. This can mean millions more in revenue. 2.（  ） These are “tools that help people use data, not a replacement for people,” says Patrick H. Winston, a professor of artificial intelligence and computer science at MIT.Saving customers moneyEnergy companies can use AI to help customers reduce their electricity bills, saving them money while helping the environment Companies can also optimize their own energy use and cut down on the cost of electricity. Insurance companies, meanwhile, can base their premiums on AI models that more accurately access risk. “Before, they might not insure the ones who felt like a high risk or charge them too much,” says Domingos, 3.（  ）Improved accuracy“Machine learning often provides a more reliable form of statistics which makes data more valuable,“ says Winston. It “helps people make smarter decisions.” 4.（  ）Protecting and maintaining infrastructureA number of companies, particularly in energy and transportation, use AI image processing technology to inspect infrastructure and prevent equipment failure or leaks before they happen. “If they fail first and then you fix them, it’s very expensive,” says Domingo's.“ 5."（  ） .”

問題1

A、I replaces the boring parts of your job. If you’re doing research, you can have AI go out and look for relevant sources and information that otherwise you just wouldn’t have time for.

B、One accounting firm, EY, uses an AI system that helps review contracts during an audit. This process, along with employees reviewing the contracts, is faster and more accurate.

C、There are also companies like Acquisto, which analyzes advertising performance across multiple channels like AdWords, Bing and social media and makes adjustments or suggestions about where advertising funds will yield best results.

D、You want to predict if something needs attention now and point to where it’s useful for employees to go to.

E、Before, they might not insure the ones who felt like a high risk or charge them too much, or they would charge them too little and then it would cost [the company] money.

F、We’re also giving our customers better channels versus picking up the phone to accomplish something beyond human scale.

G、AI looks at resumes in greater numbers than humans would be able to, and selects the more promising candidates.

問題2

A、I replaces the boring parts of your job. If you’re doing research, you can have AI go out and look for relevant sources and information that otherwise you just wouldn’t have time for.

B、One accounting firm, EY, uses an AI system that helps review contracts during an audit. This process, along with employees reviewing the contracts, is faster and more accurate.

C、There are also companies like Acquisto, which analyzes advertising performance across multiple channels like AdWords, Bing and social media and makes adjustments or suggestions about where advertising funds will yield best results.

D、You want to predict if something needs attention now and point to where it’s useful for employees to go to.

E、Before, they might not insure the ones who felt like a high risk or charge them too much, or they would charge them too little and then it would cost [the company] money.

F、We’re also giving our customers better channels versus picking up the phone to accomplish something beyond human scale.

G、AI looks at resumes in greater numbers than humans would be able to, and selects the more promising candidates.

問題3

A、I replaces the boring parts of your job. If you’re doing research, you can have AI go out and look for relevant sources and information that otherwise you just wouldn’t have time for.

B、One accounting firm, EY, uses an AI system that helps review contracts during an audit. This process, along with employees reviewing the contracts, is faster and more accurate.

C、There are also companies like Acquisto, which analyzes advertising performance across multiple channels like AdWords, Bing and social media and makes adjustments or suggestions about where advertising funds will yield best results.

D、You want to predict if something needs attention now and point to where it’s useful for employees to go to.

E、Before, they might not insure the ones who felt like a high risk or charge them too much, or they would charge them too little and then it would cost [the company] money.

F、We’re also giving our customers better channels versus picking up the phone to accomplish something beyond human scale.

G、AI looks at resumes in greater numbers than humans would be able to, and selects the more promising candidates.

問題4

A、I replaces the boring parts of your job. If you’re doing research, you can have AI go out and look for relevant sources and information that otherwise you just wouldn’t have time for.

B、One accounting firm, EY, uses an AI system that helps review contracts during an audit. This process, along with employees reviewing the contracts, is faster and more accurate.

C、There are also companies like Acquisto, which analyzes advertising performance across multiple channels like AdWords, Bing and social media and makes adjustments or suggestions about where advertising funds will yield best results.

D、You want to predict if something needs attention now and point to where it’s useful for employees to go to.

E、Before, they might not insure the ones who felt like a high risk or charge them too much, or they would charge them too little and then it would cost [the company] money.

F、We’re also giving our customers better channels versus picking up the phone to accomplish something beyond human scale.

G、AI looks at resumes in greater numbers than humans would be able to, and selects the more promising candidates.

問題5

A、I replaces the boring parts of your job. If you're doing research, you can have AI go out and look for relevant sources and information that otherwise you just wouldn't have time for.

B、One accounting firm, EY, uses an AI system that helps review contracts during an audit. This process, along with employees reviewing the contracts, is faster and more accurate.

C、There are also companies like Acquisto, which analyzes advertising performance across multiple channels like AdWords, Bing and social media and makes adjustments or suggestions about where advertising funds will yield best results.

D、You want to predict if something needs attention now and point to where it's useful for employees to go to.

E、Before, they might not insure the ones who felt like a high risk or charge them too much, or they would charge them too little and then it would cost [the company] money.

F、We're also giving our customers better channels versus picking up the phone to accomplish something beyond human scale.

G、AI looks at resumes in greater numbers than humans would be able to, and selects the more promising candidates.

2、boom 

A、 adj. 不同的；另一個(gè)（人）

B、 adj. 令人尷尬的，使人難堪的；難對(duì)付的，難處理的；不方便的；產(chǎn)生困難的，危險(xiǎn)的；笨拙的，不舒適的

C、 adj. 知道，意識(shí)到，明白；察覺到，發(fā)覺，發(fā)現(xiàn)；對(duì)……有興趣的，有……意識(shí)的

D、 n. 激增，繁榮；突然風(fēng)靡的時(shí)期；深沉的響聲；水柵；v. 轟鳴，轟響；以低沉有力的聲音說；迅速發(fā)展，激增，繁榮昌盛

3、bulk 

A、 adj. 性感的，嫵媚的，英俊的，誘人的；吸引人的，令人愉快的；有吸引力的

B、 v. 使某物加大（或加厚、加重）；n. 預(yù)算，主體，大部分；體積，大（量）；巨大的體重

C、 n. 觀眾，聽眾；讀者；會(huì)見，覲見，進(jìn)見

D、 adj. 聲音的；錄音的

4、Text 1 People often complain that plastics are too durable. Water bottles, shopping bags, and other trash litter the planet, from Mount Everest to the Mariana Trench, because plastics are everywhere and don't break down easily. But some plastic materials change over time. They crack and frizzle. They "weep" out additives. They melt into sludge. All of which creates huge headaches for institutions, such as museums, trying to preserve culturally important objects. The variety of plastic objects at risk is dizzying: early radios, avant-garde sculptures, celluloid animation stills from Disney films, the first artificial heart. Certain artifacts are especially vulnerable because some pioneers in plastic art didn't always know how to mix ingredients properly, says Thea van Oosten, a polymer chemist who, until retiring a few years ago, worked for decades at the Cultural Heritage Agency of the Netherlands. "It's like baking a cake: If you don't have exact amounts, it goes wrong;' she says. "The object you make is already a time bomb." And sometimes, it's not the artist's fault. In the 1960s, the Italian artist Picro Gilardi began to create hundreds of bright, colorful foam pieces. Those pieces included small beds of roses and other items as well as a few dozen "nature carpets" - large rectangles decorated with foam pumpkins, cabbages, and watermelons. He wanted viewers to walk around on the carpets - which meant they had to be durable. So van Oosten and her colleagues worked to preserve Gilardfs sculptures. They infused some with stabilizing and consolidating chemicals. Van Oosten calls those chemicals "sunscreens" because their goal was to prevent further light damage and rebuild worn polymer fibers. She is proud that several sculptures have even gone on display again, albeit sometimes beneath protective cases. Despite success stories like van Oosten's, preservation of plastics will likely get harder. Old objects continue to deteriorate. Worse, biodegradable plastics designed to disintegrate, are increasingly common. And more is at stake here than individual objects. Joana Lia Ferreira, an assistant professor of conservation and restoration at the NOVA School of Science and Technology, notes that archaeologists first defined the great material ages of human history - Stone Age, Iron Age, and so on - after examining artifacts in museums. We now live in an age of plastic, she says, "and what we decide to collect today, what we decide to preserve ... will have a strong impact on how in the future we'll be seen. 1、According to Paragraph 1, museums are faced with difficulties in________.2、Van Oosten believes that certain plastic objects are________.3、Museums stopped exhibiting some of Gilardi's artworks to________.4、The author thinks that preservation of plastics is________.5、In Ferreira's opinion, preservation of plastic artifacts________.

問題1

A、maintaining their plastic items.

B、obtaining durable plastic artifacts.

C、handling outdated plastic exhibits.

D、classifying their plastic collections.

問題2

A、immune to decay.

B、improperly shaped.

C、inherently flawed.

D、complex in structure.

問題3

A、keep them from hurting visitors.

B、duplicate them for future display.

C、have their ingredients analyzed.

D、prevent them from further damage.

問題4

A、costly.

B、unworthy

C、unpopular.

D、challenging.

問題5

A、will inspire future scientific research.

B、has profound historical significance.

C、will help us separate the material ages.

D、has an impact on today's cultural life

5、While still catching-up to men in some spheres of modern life, women appear to be way ahead in at least one undesirable category. “Women are particularly susceptible to developing depression and anxiety disorders in response to stress compared to men,” according to Dr. Yehuda, chief psychiatrist at New York’s Veteran’s Administration Hospital.    Studies of both animals and humans have shown that sex hormones somehow affect the stress response, causing females under stress to produce more of the trigger chemicals than do males under the same conditions. In several of the studies, when stressed-out female rats had their ovaries (the female reproductive organs) removed, their chemical responses became equal to those of the males.    Adding to a woman’s increased dose of stress chemicals, are her increased “opportunities” for stress. “It’s not necessarily that women don’t cope as well. It’s just that they have so much more to cope with,” says Dr. Yehuda. “Their capacity for tolerating stress may even be greater than men’s,” she observes, “it’s just that they’re dealing with so many more things that they become worn out from it more visibly and sooner.”    Dr. Yehuda notes another difference between the sexes. “I think that the kinds of things that women are exposed to tend to be in more of a chronic or repeated nature. Men go to war and are exposed to combat stress. Men are exposed to more acts of random physical violence. The kinds of interpersonal violence that women are exposed to tend to be in domestic situations, by, unfortunately, parents or other family members, and they tend not to be one-shot deals. The wear-and-tear that comes from these longer relationships can be quite devastating.”    Adeline Alvarez married at 18 and gave birth to a son, but was determined to finish college. “I struggled a lot to get the college degree. I was living in so much frustration that that was my escape, to go to school, and get ahead and do better.” Later, her marriage ended and she became a single mother. “It’s the hardest thing to take care of a teenager, have a job, pay the rent, pay the car payment, and pay the debt. I lived from paycheck to paycheck.”    Not everyone experiences the kinds of severe chronic stresses Alvarez describes. But most women today are coping with a lot of obligations, with few breaks, and feeling the strain. Alvarez’s experience demonstrates the importance of finding ways to diffuse stress before it threatens your health and your ability to function.1、Which of the following is true according to the first two paragraphs?2、Dr. Yehuda’s research suggests that women _____.3、According to Paragraph 4, the stress women confront tends to be _____.4、The sentence “I lived from paycheck to paycheck.” (Line 6, Para. 5) shows that _____.5、Which of the following would be the best title for the text?

問題1

A、Women are biologically more vulnerable to stress.

B、Women are still suffering much stress caused by men.

C、Women are more experienced than men in coping with stress.

D、Men and women show different inclinations when faced with stress.

問題2

A、need extra doses of chemicals to handle stress.

B、have limited capacity for tolerating stress.

C、are more capable of avoiding stress.

D、are exposed to more stress.

問題3

A、domestic and temporary.

B、irregular and violent.

C、durable and frequent.

D、trivial and random.

問題4

A、Alvarez cared about nothing but making money.

B、Alvarez’s salary barely covered her household expenses.

C、Alvarez got paychecks from different jobs.

D、Alvarez paid practically everything by check.

問題5

A、Strain of Stress: No Way Out?

B、Responses to Stress: Gender Difference

C、Stress Analysis: What Chemicals Say

D、Gender Inequality: Women Under Stress