考研英語(yǔ)長(zhǎng)難句拆分：狀語(yǔ)從句之目的狀語(yǔ)從句

1.定義

目的狀語(yǔ)從句(adverbial clause of purpose)，屬于狀語(yǔ)從句中的一種，從句部分是用以補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明主句中謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞發(fā)生的目的的狀語(yǔ)從句，目的狀語(yǔ)從句的謂語(yǔ)常含有may, might, can, could, should, will, would等情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。

2.分類

目的狀語(yǔ)從句的引導(dǎo)詞主要有：

① in order that，表示“為了;以便”，常用于正式文體，引導(dǎo)的狀語(yǔ)從句可位于主句之前或之后。

例如：You must speak louder in order that you can be heard by all.

你說(shuō)話聲音必須大一點(diǎn)，以便大家都能聽(tīng)到。

In order that we can start at seven, we all get up early.

我們都早點(diǎn)起床，以便我們可以七點(diǎn)鐘出發(fā)。。

② so that表示“為了，以便”，位于主句之后，其中that有時(shí)可以省略。

例如：He angled his chair so that he could sit and watch her.

他斜移了椅子，以便坐著觀察她。

Say it louder (so) that everyone can hear you.

大聲說(shuō)，以便大家都能聽(tīng)到你。

2 so that也可以引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句，此時(shí)后面的從句不存在情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。

③ in case (that)/lest/for fear that表示“以防”，

例如：He was worried for fear(that)the child might hurt himself.

他擔(dān)心孩子會(huì)傷害他自己。

He jotted down his clients’ address lest he should forget it.

他快速記下了客戶的地址，以免忘記。

The foreign teacher spoke slowly in case (that) we misunderstood him.

這位外籍教師講得很慢，以防我們誤解他的意思。

3.例題

(As soon as the instructor gives you the signal to start), dump out formulas, codes, outlines from your memory on to the test answer sheets {so that you will not have to worry about [whether you will remember the codes long enough (until you get to the appropriate test question.)]}

這是一個(gè)主從復(fù)合句。

原句中的各個(gè)子句，子句類型以及連接詞如下：

主句：dump out formulas, codes, outlines from your memory on to the test answer sheets

【譯文】把你記憶中的公式、代碼、大綱全都寫在答題紙上

分句一：As soon as the instructor gives you the signal to start

類型：時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句;引導(dǎo)詞：as soon as

【譯文】老師一給你信號(hào)就開(kāi)始

分句二：so that you will not have to worry about ...

類型：目的狀語(yǔ)從句;引導(dǎo)詞：so that

分句三：whether you will remember the codes long enough …

類型：賓語(yǔ)從句;引導(dǎo)詞：whether

分句四：until you get to the appropriate test question.

類型：時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句;引導(dǎo)詞：until

【譯文】直到你碰到對(duì)應(yīng)的問(wèn)題。

【全句譯文】：當(dāng)老師示意你開(kāi)始的時(shí)候，把你記憶中的公式、規(guī)則、要點(diǎn)都寫在答題紙上，這樣你就不用擔(dān)心你是否記住了足夠長(zhǎng)的規(guī)則，直到你遇到合適的問(wèn)題。