醫(yī)學(xué)考博英語長難句解析(七)

1.名詞性從句，包括主語從句、賓語從句、表語從句和同位語從句;

2.形容詞性從句，即我們平常所說的定語從句;

3.狀語從句，在句子中通常是時間地點方式的狀語。

長難句解析

19. The debate was launched by the Government, which invited anyone with an opinion of the BBC——including ordinary listeners viewers to say what was good or bad about the Corporation, even whether they thought it was worth keeping.

【詞匯】

launch: vt. 發(fā)動;開展(活動、計劃等);發(fā)射

be worth doing: 值得做

【句式分析】

①句子主干：The debate was launched by the government;

②非限定性定語從句：..., which invited anyone...it was worth keeping. ?

③介詞短語作賓補(bǔ)：with an opinion of the BBC 修飾賓語 anyone;

④ 介詞短語作定語：including ordinary listeners viewers 修飾 anyone;

⑤ 不定式作目的狀語：to say...;

⑥ 并列的賓語從句：what was good..., even whether...it was worth keeping。

【翻譯】

這場辯論是由政府發(fā)動的，政府請任何一個對英國廣播公司有意見的人——包括普通的聽眾和觀眾一來說說這個公司好在哪里或壞在哪里，甚至要說說他們是否認(rèn)為這個公司值得被保留下來。

20. The change met the technical requirements of the new age by engaging a large professional element prevented the decline in efficiency that so

commonly spoiled the fortunes of family firms in the second third generation after the energetic founders.

【詞匯】

requirement: n. 要求;必要條件;必需品;資格

engage: vt 聘用;吸引住

efficiency: n. 效率，效能;能力;性能

spoil: vt. 損壞，糟蹋;把(酒，肉等)放壞;溺愛，寵壞(孩子等)

energetic: adj. 精力充沛的，充滿活力的，精神飽滿的

【句式分析】

①句子的主干： The change met the technical requirements...prevented the

decline in efficiency;

②介詞短語作方式狀語：by engaging a large professional element;

③ 定語從句： that so commonly spoiled the fortunes of family firms...after the

energetic founders 修飾先行詞 decline in efficiency。

【翻譯】

這種變化通過引入許多的專業(yè)因素從而適應(yīng)了這個新時代的技術(shù)要求，并且它(這種變化)防止了效率的降低。這種效率的降低在精力充沛的

創(chuàng)業(yè)者之后的第二代和第三代人(領(lǐng)導(dǎo)公司)的時候，經(jīng)常會毀掉那些家族公司的財富。

21. Such large, impersonal manipulation of capital industry greatly increased the numbers importance of shareholders as a class, an element in national life representing irresponsible wealth detached from the lthe duties of the landowners; almost equally detached from the responsible management of business.

【詞匯】

manipulation: n. 操作;操縱;控制

shareholder: n. 股東;股票持有者

irresponsible: adj. 不負(fù)責(zé)任的;不可靠的;缺乏責(zé)任心

detach: vt. 分離，拆開;派遣;分派

landowner: n. 土地?fù)碛姓?地主

【句式分析】

① 句子的主干：manipulation increased the numbers importance;

②介詞短語作后置定語：of capital industry 作后置定語修飾 manipulation; of shareholders as a class 作后置定語修飾 the numbers importance。

③同位語：an element 作為 the shareholders as a class 的同位語;

④ 現(xiàn)在分詞作定語：representing irresponsible wealth 作定語修飾 an element;

⑤ 過去分詞作定語：并列的過去分詞 detached from the land...; and...detached from the responsible...修飾 wealth。

【翻譯】

這樣巨大而非個人的對資金和產(chǎn)業(yè)的操縱極大地增加了股東的數(shù)量和他們作為一個階級的重要性，這是生活中代表不負(fù)責(zé)任的財富的一個因素，這種財富不但遠(yuǎn)離了土地和土地?fù)碛姓叩呢?zé)任，而且?guī)缀跬瑯优c公司的負(fù)責(zé)任的管理毫無關(guān)系。