摘要:考博英語(yǔ)考試中經(jīng)常會(huì)遇到長(zhǎng)難句,可以說(shuō)是考試中的一大攔路虎,其實(shí)只要理解了長(zhǎng)難句的構(gòu)成成分,你會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)長(zhǎng)難句其實(shí)沒(méi)那么難。下面小編就為大家分享2021年考博英語(yǔ)長(zhǎng)難句分析。更多相關(guān)資訊,請(qǐng)關(guān)注希賽網(wǎng)考博英語(yǔ)頻道。
1.[If railroads charged all customers the same average rate], they argue, shippers [who have the option of switching to trucks or other forms of transportation] would do so, leaving remaining customers to shoulder the cost of keeping up the line.
這是一個(gè)主從復(fù)合句。
原句中的各個(gè)子句,子句類(lèi)型以及連接詞如下:
①主句:shippers … would do so …
【譯文】托運(yùn)者將會(huì)這么做
②分句一:If railroads charged all customers the same average rate
類(lèi)型:條件狀語(yǔ)從句;連接詞:if
【譯文】如果鐵路公司向所有顧客收取一樣的平均運(yùn)費(fèi)
分句二:who have the option of switching to trucks or other forms of transportation
類(lèi)型:定語(yǔ)從句;連接詞:who
【譯文】有選擇余地的(托運(yùn)者)就會(huì)選擇卡車(chē)或其他運(yùn)輸方式
其他修飾成分:現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)leaving remaining customers to shoulder the cost of keeping up the line做狀語(yǔ)。
【全句譯文】如果鐵路公司向所有顧客收取一樣的平均運(yùn)費(fèi),他們爭(zhēng)辯道,那些有選擇余地的托運(yùn)者就會(huì)選擇卡車(chē)或其他運(yùn)輸方式,讓剩下的顧客來(lái)承擔(dān)維持鐵路運(yùn)輸?shù)馁M(fèi)用。
2.These leaders are living proof [that prevention works and that we can manage the health problems] [that come naturally with age].
這是一個(gè)主從復(fù)合句。
原句中的各個(gè)子句,子句類(lèi)型以及連接詞如下:
① 主句: These leaders are living proof
【譯文】這些管理者都是些活生生的例子
② 分句一:that prevention works and that we can manage the health problems
類(lèi)型:同位語(yǔ)從句;連接詞:that
【譯文】預(yù)防措施是有效的,我們可以應(yīng)付健康問(wèn)題
分句二:that come naturally with age
類(lèi)型:定語(yǔ)從句;連接詞:that
【譯文】隨著年紀(jì)增長(zhǎng)自然出現(xiàn)的
【全句譯文】這些管理者都是些活生生的例子,證明(疾病)預(yù)防措施是有效的,我們可以應(yīng)付隨著年紀(jì)增長(zhǎng)而自然出現(xiàn)的健康問(wèn)題。
3. Your humor must be relevant to the audience and should help to show them [that you are one of them] or [that you understand their situation and are in sympathy with their point of view].
這是一個(gè)主從復(fù)合句。
原句中的各個(gè)子句,子句類(lèi)型以及連接詞如下:
① 主句:Your humor must be relevant to the audience and should help to show them…
【譯文】你的幽默一定要與聽(tīng)眾有關(guān),并有助于向他們表明……
② 分句一:that you are one of them
類(lèi)型:賓語(yǔ)從句;連接詞:that
【譯文】你是他們中的一員
分句二:that you understand their situation and are in sympathy with their point of view
類(lèi)型:賓語(yǔ)從句;連接詞:that
【譯文】你理解他們的處境,并贊同他們的觀點(diǎn)
【全句譯文】你的幽默一定要與聽(tīng)眾有關(guān),并有助于向他們表明你是他們中的一員,或者你理解他們的處境,并贊同他們的觀點(diǎn)。
4. The same dramatic technological changes [that have provided marketers with more (and more diverse) communications choices] have also increased the risk [that passionate consumers will voice their options in quicker, more visible, and much more damaging ways].
這是一個(gè)主從復(fù)合句。
原句中的各個(gè)子句,子句類(lèi)型以及連接詞如下:
① 主句:The same dramatic technological changes have also increased the risk
【譯文】同樣劇烈的技術(shù)變革同樣也帶來(lái)了更高的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)
② 分句一:that have provided marketers with more (and more diverse) communications choices
類(lèi)型:定語(yǔ)從句;連接詞:that
【譯文】為營(yíng)銷(xiāo)商提供了數(shù)量更多(種類(lèi)也更多)的溝通選擇
分句二:that passionate consumers will voice their options in quicker, more visible, and much more damaging ways
類(lèi)型:同位語(yǔ)從句;連接詞:that
【譯文】激動(dòng)的消費(fèi)者能夠以更迅速、更可見(jiàn)、更具破壞性的方式來(lái)表達(dá)他們的意見(jiàn)
【全句譯文】同樣劇烈的技術(shù)變革為營(yíng)銷(xiāo)商提供了數(shù)量更多(種類(lèi)也更多)的溝通選擇,但同時(shí)也帶來(lái)了更高的風(fēng)險(xiǎn),那就是激動(dòng)的消費(fèi)者能夠以更迅速、更可見(jiàn)、更具破壞性的方式來(lái)表達(dá)他們的意見(jiàn)。
5. Time was [when biologists somewhat overworked the evidence] [that these creatures preserve the health of game by killing the physically weak], or [that they prey only on “worthless” species].
這是個(gè)主從復(fù)合句。
原句中的各個(gè)子句,子句類(lèi)型以及連接詞如下:
① 主句:Time was when biologists somewhat overworked the evidence
【譯文】曾經(jīng)有段時(shí)間,生物學(xué)家或多或少濫用了一種證據(jù)
② 分句一:that these creatures preserve the health of game by killing the physically weak
類(lèi)型:同位語(yǔ)從句;連接詞:that
【譯文】即這些生物通過(guò)殺死體弱者來(lái)保持種群的健康
分句二:that they prey only on “worthless” species
類(lèi)型:同位語(yǔ)從句;連接詞:that
【譯文】它們僅僅捕食沒(méi)有價(jià)值的物種
【全句譯文】曾經(jīng)有段時(shí)間,生物學(xué)家或多或少濫用了一種證據(jù),即這些生物通過(guò)殺死體弱者來(lái)保持種群的健康,或者說(shuō)它們僅僅捕食沒(méi)有價(jià)值的物種。
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