2021考博英語詞匯語法題：狀語從句

考博英語詞匯與語法題一般測試要求一般包括以下幾個(gè)：考生掌握詞匯、短語及基本語法概念的熟練程度；要求考生掌握并能正確運(yùn)用從事學(xué)術(shù)研究與交流所需要的語法知識(shí)；認(rèn)知15000詞，并且能正確、熟練地運(yùn)用其中的8000個(gè)單詞及其最基本的搭配。為幫助大家更好的復(fù)習(xí)這類題型，希賽網(wǎng)考博英語頻道為大家整理了“考博英語詞匯語法題?？贾R(shí)點(diǎn)專項(xiàng)練習(xí)：狀語從句”，一起來練習(xí)下吧。

1.在時(shí)間和條件(有時(shí)也在方式、讓步等)從句中，主句是一般將來時(shí)，從句通常用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示將來。

e.g. We’ll go outing if it doesn’t rain tomorrow.

I’ll write to you as soon as I get to Shanghai.

2.有些時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、條件、方式或讓步從句，如果從句的主語與主句主語一致(或雖不一致，是it)，從句的謂語又包含動(dòng)詞be ，就可省略從句中的“主語 + be”部分。

e.g. When (he was) still a boy of ten, he had to work day and night.

If (you are) asked you may come in.

If (it is) necessary I’ll explain to you again.

3.注意區(qū)分不同從句：引導(dǎo)的是什么從句，不僅要根據(jù)連詞，還要根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)和句意來判別。以where為例，能引導(dǎo)多種從句。

e.g. You are to find it where you left it.(地點(diǎn)狀語從句)

Tell me the address where he lives.(定語從句，句中有先行詞)

I don’t know where he came from.(賓語從句)

Where he has gone is not known yet.(主語從句)

This place is where they once hid.(表語從句)

1) 時(shí)間狀語從句

時(shí)間狀語從句主要由以下連詞引導(dǎo)：when, whenever, as, while, since, until, till, before, after, as soon as, once, hardly (scarcely) …when, no sooner …than。

I will discuss the matter with you when we meet tomorrow.

時(shí)間狀語從句還可由某些可充當(dāng)連詞的名詞(the moment, the instant, every time,等)和副詞(instantly, directly等)引導(dǎo)：

I will tell you the news the instant I know.

Note:

①before除了可表示“在…之前”外，還可用來強(qiáng)調(diào)主句所表達(dá)的時(shí)間、距離很長或花費(fèi)的力量相比較大，可譯為“…才”。(“not …before”可用來強(qiáng)調(diào)主句所表達(dá)的時(shí)間、距離很短或花費(fèi)的力量相比較小，可譯為“…就”)。

It was a long time before I got to sleep again.

②如果位于when引導(dǎo)的分句之前的主句使用過去進(jìn)行時(shí)、過去完成時(shí)或“was/were about to, was/were on the point of”等結(jié)構(gòu)時(shí)，when表示突然發(fā)生某事，可譯為“正在…突然”或“剛…就”等。這時(shí)，不能夠用as或while來代替when。

I was walking on the street when I ran into my old friend John.

2) 條件狀語從句

條件狀語從句主要由以下連詞引導(dǎo)：if, unless, providing/provided (that), suppose/supposing (that), on condition (that), as/so long as, in case等。

So long as you work hard, you will surely achieve good results in examinations.

3) 讓步狀語從句

讓步狀語從句主要由以下連詞引導(dǎo)：though, although, even if, even though, whatever, however, whoever, wherever, no matter how/ what/ where/ when等。以下介紹幾種較特殊的讓步狀語從句。

(1)while引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句多放在句首，while相當(dāng)于although，表示“盡管”，“雖然”。

While I admit I did it, I didn’t intend to.

(2)短語“even now/then/so”相當(dāng)于“though it is/was true”，表示“盡管如此”，“盡管這樣”。

The fire was out, but even so, the smell of smoke was strong.

(3) as引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句要倒裝。

Child as he was, he could speak four languages.

4) 比較狀語從句

比較狀語從句主要由以下連詞引導(dǎo)：(not) as …as, (not) the same as, (not) such …as, not so …as, than, the + 比較級…, the +比較級…等。

We have had a lot more rainfall this year than we had last year.

專項(xiàng)練習(xí)

1. I’ll let you know ____ he comes back.

A. before B. because C. as soon as D. although

2. She will sing a song ____ she is asked.

A. if B. unless C. for D. since

3. We will work ____ we are needed.

A. whenever B. because C. since D. wherever

4. Read it aloud _____ the class can hear you.

A. so that B. if C. when D. although

5._____ you go, don't forget your people.

A. Whenever B. However C. Wherever D. Whichever

6. It is about ten years _____ I met you last.

A. since B. for C. when D. as

7. They will never succeed, _____ hard they try.

A. because B. however C. when D. since

8. _____ still half drunk, he made his way home.

A. When B. Because C. Though D. As

9. _____ she was very tired, she went on working.

A. As B. Although C. Even D. In spite of

10. Busy _____ he was, he tried his best to help you.

A. as B. when C. since D. for

11. I learned a little Russian _____ I was at middle school.

A. though B. although C. as if D. when

12. _____ we got to the station, the train had left already.

A. If B. Unless C. Since D. When

13. _____ the rain stops, we' 11 set off for the station.

A. Before B. Unless C. As soon as D. Though

14. She was _____ tired _____ she could not move an inch.

A. so, that B. such, that C. very, that D. so, as

15. We didn’t go home _____ we finished the work.

A. since B. until C. because D. though

16. I'll stay here _____ everyone else comes back.

A. even if B. as though C. because D. until

17. Although it's raining, _____ are still working in the field.

A. they B. but they C. and they D. so they

18. Speak to him slowly _____ he may understand you better.

A. since B. so that C. for D. because

19. You'll miss the train ______ you hurry up.

A. unless B. as C. if D. until

20. When you read the book, you' d better make a mark _____ you have any questions.

A. at which B. at where C. the place D. where

21. We'd better hurry ______ it is getting dark.

A. and B. but C. as D. unless

22. I didn' t manage to do it _____ you had explained how.

A. until B. unless C. when D. before

23._____ he comes, we won't be able to go.

A. Without B. Unless C. Except D. Even

24. I hurried _____ I wouldn't be late for class.

A. since B. so that C. as if D. unless

25. _____ I catch a cold, I have pain in my back.

A. Every time B. Though C. Even D. Where

26. What's the matter _____ they still haven't answered the telegram?

A. when B. that C. though D. however

27. Bring it nearer _____ I may see it better.

A. although B. even though C. so that D. since

28. You may arrive in Beijing early _____ you mind taking the night train.

A. that B. though C. unless D. if

29. Helen listened carefully _____ she might discover exactly what she needed.

A. in that B. in order that C. in case D. even though

30. More people will eat out in restaurants _____ they do today.

A. than B. when C. while D. as

31._____ hard she tries, she can hardly avoid making mistakes in her homework.

A. Much B. However C. As D. Although

32. Poor _____ it may be, there is no place like home, _____ you may go.

A. as; wherever B. though; whenever C. in spite of; when D. that; wherever

33. The child was __ immediately after supper.

A. enough tired to go to bed B. too tired to go to bed

C. so tired that he went to bed D. very tired, he went to bed

34. The history of nursing __ the history of man.

A. as old as B. is old than C. that is as old as D. is as old as

35. _____ born in Chicago, the author was famous for his stories about New York.

A. Since B. Once C. When D. Although

36._____ we stood at the top of the building, the people below were hardly visible.

A. As B. Although C. Unless D. In spite of

37. Scarcely was George Washington in his teens _____ his father died.

A. than B. as C. while D. when38. _____ David goes, he is welcome.

A. Whichever B. However C. Wherever D. Whatever

39. The house stood _____ there had been a rock.

A. which B. at which C. when D. where

40. Small _____ it is, the pen is a most useful tool.

A. because B. so C. if D. as

答案

1~5 CADAC 6~10 ABCBA 11~15 DDCAB 16~20 DABAD 21~25 CABBA 26~30 BCCBD 31~35 BACDD 36~40 ADCDD

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