考博英語翻譯練習(xí)題（四）

考博英語中的漢譯英題型一般是要求考生能將一篇社會(huì)、文化、經(jīng)濟(jì)或科技類漢語短文譯成英語，要求譯文忠實(shí)原文，無明顯誤譯、漏譯；譯文通順，用詞正確、表達(dá)基本無誤，無明顯語法錯(cuò)誤；總量為150個(gè)左右漢字。該題型難度較大，旨在測(cè)試考生漢譯英的能力，重點(diǎn)考查考生用英語準(zhǔn)確再現(xiàn)漢語原文思想和內(nèi)容的能力。為幫助大家更好的備考這類翻譯題型，小編為大家分享一些考博英語翻譯習(xí)題，一起來練習(xí)下吧。

The Basis for Social Order

Man, said Aristotle, is a social animal. This sociability requires peaceful congregation, and the history of mankind is mainly a movement through time of human collectivities that range from migrant tribal bands to large and complex civilizations. Survival has been due to the ability to create the means by which men in groups retain their unity and allegiance to one another.

Order was caused by the need and desire to survive the challenge of the environment. This orderly condition called the “state”, and the rules that maintained it, the “l(fā)aw”. With time the partner to this tranquility, man marched across the centuries of his evolution to the brink of exploring the boundaries of his own galaxy. Of all living organisms, only man has the capacity to interpret his own evolution as progress. As social life changed, the worth and rights of each member in the larger group, of which he was a part, increased. As the groups grew from clans to civilizations, the value of the individual did not diminish, but became instead a guide to the rules that govern all men.

參考譯文

社會(huì)秩序的基礎(chǔ)

亞里斯多德說，人是社會(huì)性的動(dòng)物。這種社會(huì)性要求人們和平共處，人類歷史主要就是人類群體在時(shí)間長(zhǎng)河中從游牧部落到復(fù)雜的文明社會(huì)的集合運(yùn)動(dòng)的演進(jìn)過程，(這些群體中的)幸存者能幸存下來的原因就在于：他們有能力創(chuàng)造一種手段，從而能使他們所在群體中的人保持團(tuán)結(jié)并相互效忠。

出于必須和渴望戰(zhàn)勝環(huán)境的挑戰(zhàn)，人類建立了秩序。這樣一種有秩序的狀態(tài)就稱作“”，而維持存在的規(guī)則就叫做“法律”。伴隨著這些由法律和秩序建立起來的安寧、平靜的是時(shí)間，在時(shí)間的流逝中，經(jīng)過了數(shù)世紀(jì)的進(jìn)化，人類終于進(jìn)入了探索他自己所在的星系的時(shí)刻。在所有的生物中，只有人類的進(jìn)化能被視為進(jìn)步。當(dāng)社會(huì)發(fā)生變革時(shí)，每個(gè)人在其所生活的大群體中的價(jià)值和權(quán)力都會(huì)增加。當(dāng)人類群眾從部落漸漸變成文明社會(huì)時(shí)，個(gè)人價(jià)值并未減少，相反，它成為了統(tǒng)治所有人的法令的指導(dǎo)。

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