考博英語詞匯與語法練習（十五）

41.millions of tons of water are________ by a complex system of dykes.

a） held up

b） held on

c） held out

d） held back

42.when travelling, you are advised to take travellers’ checks, which provide a secure________ to carrying your money in cash.

a） substitute

b） replacement

c） preference

d） alternative

43.don’t poke your nose into what doesn’t________ you.

a） connect

b） relate

c） concern

d） interest

44.the discussion was so prolonged and exhausting that________ the speakers stopped for refreshments.

a） at large

b） at intervals

c） at random

d） at length

45.dozens of scientific groups all over the world have been________ the goal of a practical and economic way to use sunlight to split water molecules.

a） pursuing

b） chasing

c） attaining

d） reaching

46.he does not________ as a teacher of english as his pronunciation is terrible.

a） equal

b） qualify

c） match

d） fit

47.

china started its nuclear power industry only in recent years and should________ no time in catching up.

a） delay

b） lessen

c） lose

d） slip

48.i was speaking to ann on the phone when suddenly we were________ .

a） cut off

b） cut down

c） cut back

d） cut out

49.the state’s department of commerce in the u.s. is________ to our bureau of economic development.

a） alike

b） equivalent

c） same

d） approximate

50.it’s usually the case that people seldom behave in a________ way when in a furious state.

a） responsible

b） reliable

c） rational

d） conscious

51.scientists are working hard to come up with a sure solution to the food________ for mankind.

a） decline

b） rarity

c） scarcity

d） shortage

52.i left for the office earlier than usual this morning________ traffic jam.

a） for the sake of

b） in case of

c） at the risk of

d） in spite of

53.the manager didn’t have time to go into his plan________ ,but he gave us an idea about it.

a） in turn

b） in conclusion

c） at first

d） at length

54.your improper words will give________ to doubts concerning your true intentions.

a） rise

b） reason

c） suspicion

d） ground

55.the new washing machines are being________ at the rate of 50 a day in this factory.

a） turned off

b） turned down

c） turned out

d） turned in

56.john complained to the bookseller that there were some pages________ in the dictionary.

a） losing

b） missing

c） dropping

d） falling

57.on turning round the corner we saw the road________ steeply.

a） falling

b） decreasing

c） descending

d） lowering

58.the mother said she would________ her son washing the dishes if he could finish his assignment before supper.

a） let down

b） let alone

c） let off

d） let out

59.the managing director took the________ for the accident, although it was not really his fault.

a） guilt

b） blame

c） charge

d） accusation

60.in spite of the wide range of reading material specially written or________ for language learning purposes, there is yet no comprehensive systematic program for the reading skills.

a） adapted

b） acknowledged

c） assembled

d） appointed

答案：

41.答案 d. hold back“阻擋;阻止……的發(fā)展;隱瞞（秘密）;躊躇，畏縮不前”（如his poor education is holding him back; the police had back the crowd; he was holding something back from us; no one held back in face of danger.）hold up“舉起;支撐;使停頓，使不能繼續(xù)進行;（攔路）搶劫”hold on（單獨用）“握住不放;堅持下去;（電話）請等一會兒”hold out（單獨用）“伸出;堅持（要求），不屈服（for sth）

42.答案d。alternative（to） n.“取舍，抉擇;供選擇的東西，替代辦法“（如you have the alter-native of fighting or being taken prisoner; the alternative to being taken prisoner was to die fighting;<?？季湫?gt;one has no alternative but to/there is no alternative for one but to fight.）substitute（for）n.”代用品，代替品”replacement（of） n.“替代，替換;替代的人或物”preference（for/to） n.“偏愛，更喜愛;優(yōu)先（權）”（have a preference for sth; choose a in preference to b.）

43.答案c。concern vt.“涉及，有關于;使關心，使掛念”（如this matter concerns all of us; i am not concerned with that matter any longer; his illness concerns me very much; be concerned with/about/for/over sth“對……表示關心或憂慮”;注：過去分詞作定語放在名詞前面表示“關切的”，如with a concerned look;放在名詞后面表示“有關的，相關的”，如we shall have to consult the persons concerned.）connect vt.“連接，聯(lián)系”（句型：connect a and/to b; the pipe connects with the sewer.）relate v.“（使互相）關聯(lián)”（句型：relate a and/to/with b; relate to sth）interest vt.“使感興趣，引起……的關注”

44.答案b. interval n.“（幕間或工間的）一段休息時間;間隔，間距”（at intervals“不時，每隔……時間或距離”）at large（作后置定語）“大多數(shù)的”（如students at large）;（作表語）“（犯罪分子）未被捕獲的，逍遙法外的”△at random （作狀語）“隨意的，任意地”at length“最終，終于;長時間地，長篇大論地”

45.答案a。pursue vt.“追求，從事;追趕，追蹤”chase vt.“追逐，追趕”attain vt.“達到，獲得”reach vt.“抵達，達到”

46.答案b。qualify v.“（使）具有資格，（使）勝任，（使）合適（如he qualified as a doctor; his training qualified him as a teacher of english; he’s well qualified for/to do the job.）equal vt.”等于，比得上“match v.”（和……）相配，（和……相稱“fit vt.”（衣服）適合，合身;適合，符合“（in/into）

47.答案c. lose no time in doing sth “立即“（如i shall lose no time in beginning work.）delay v.”推遲;耽擱，延誤“（句型：delay sb/sth/an action/-ing,不說delay time）lessen v.“減少，減輕”slip vi.“滑落;溜走”

48.答案a。cut off“切斷，阻斷，停掉;使電話中斷”（cut off the water supply; cut off the enemy’s retreat; be cut off from the outside world.）cut down“消減，減少”cut back“削減，縮減;急忙返回”cut out“割去，刪去”

49.答案b。equivalent（to） adj.“相等的，相當?shù)?等量的，等值的”;n.“相等物”（如what is $5 equivalent to in french francs? his behavior was equivalent to treason; he earns the equivalent of $50 a month.）alike adj.“同樣的，相像的”same adj.（必須與the 連用）“相同的，一樣的”approximate（to） adj.“近似的，大約的”

50.答案c。rational adj.“理性的，合理的”（a rational man; a rational plan; rational arguments）responsible（for） adj.“須負責的;責任重大的;有責任感的”reliable adj.“可靠的”conscious（of） adj.“意識到的，自覺的;有意的;神志清醒的”

51.答案d。shortage n.“不足，缺少”deline n.“下降，減少，衰落”○rarity n.“稀少，少見的人或東西”（常與不定冠詞連用）○scarcity n.[u]“缺乏，稀少”

52.答案b。in case of （狀語，放在句末）“以防，防備”;（狀語，放在句首）“假如，如果發(fā)生”（如always keep a bucket of water handy in case of fire; in case of fire, ring the alarm bell.）（區(qū)分：in the case of 多用于對比，常含有“而……的情況卻不同”之意，如poverty depresses most people, but in the case of my father it was otherwise; mary failed to hand homework in time because she was ill; but it was different in the case of jane-she was lazy.）for the sake of“為了，為了……的利益;看在……的份上”at the risk of“冒著……的危險”in spite of “雖然，盡管;不管，不顧”

53.答案d。at length“長時間地;詳細地;最終，終于”（如he spoke at length on his plans for the future; we discussed the matter at length; at length he came to understand it.）in turn“依次地，輪流地;反過來”in conclusion“最后”（用在結束語中）at first “最初，起先”

54.答案a。give rise to sth“引起，導致，成為……的原因”（如the depression gave rise to widespread unemployment; this plan has given rise to various problems.）reason n.“理由，原因”（句型：have reason to do /for-ing; sth stands to reason;不說give reason to sth）ground n.（常用復數(shù)）“理由，根據(jù)”（句型：have no ground[s]for-ing; do sth on personal grounds/on the grounds of ill health,etc）suspicion n.“懷疑”（常用搭配：arouse suspicion; have suspicion of/about sth/that…）

55.答案c。turn out“（工廠）生產，制造（產品）;（學校）培養(yǎng)（人才）;驅逐，使離開;關掉，旋熄“turn off”關，關閉;轉到另一條路“turn down”關小，調低;拒絕“turn in“上交，交還;上床睡覺”

56.答案b。missing adj.“缺失的，失蹤的，不見了，少了”losing adj.“正在輸?shù)舻摹?

57.答案c.descend vi.“下降，下來;往下走;降生”fall vi.“落下;下降;減弱”decrease v’“減少，減小”lower vt’“放下，降下，放低”

58.答案c.let off“放過，寬?。ㄊ共皇軕土P）;允許不干;排放”（如let sb off[from]doing sth“允許某人不做某事”;the judge let him off with a warning“法官給他以警告就放過了他”。）let down“使（某人）失望;放下，降低”let alone“不打擾，不驚動;更別提……”let out“釋放，放走;發(fā)出”

59.答案b.blame n.[u]“過錯，事故的）責任;責怪，責備”（句型：put/lay/bring the blame on sb“怪在某人身上”;the blame rests on sb“責任在某人”;take the blame on oneself for sth/bear the blame for sth“承擔……的責任”）○guilt n.“罪，罪責”charge n.作“罪名，指控”解時不與take搭配;take charge of sth 表示“對……負責，接管”的意思○accusation n.“職責，控告”（不說take accusation for sth）

60.答案a。adapt vt.“改編，改寫”（如the author is adapting his play for television; this exercise is adapted from book v.）acknowledge vt.“承認，認為……屬實”assemble vt.“裝備;集合，召集”appoint vt.“任命，委派;約定（時間或地點）”（句型：appoint sb[to be][as]chairman; appoint a day/a place for a meeting）