2012年浙江大學考博英語真題4

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Passage 2

Got milk? Be very afraid. Or, preferably，a bit skeptical. Some folks are about to try to convince you that milk is toxic. But the real question is, what’s more dangerous to your health: milk, or celebrities and activists embarked on the latest trendy crusade （改革）？ This month marks the publicity-pumped debut of the Anti Dairy Coalition, a band of physicians, self-described “ Holly-wood personalities” and others who decry what they call “the health and nutritional risks of consuming dairy products”.

The coalition, including its spokes-Jeremiah, writer George Plimpton, would have you believe that milk causes heart disease, cancer infections, asthma, allergies and tuberculosis. Robert Cohen, founder of the ADC （and author of Milk: The Deadly Poison，writes: “The Fountain of Youth and cure to illness can be obtained by giving up milk. ”

Hyperbole aside, the ADC is spotlighting a question hotly debated by everyone from nutritionists to parents. Many patients ask doctors whether they should give up milk, like that supermodel they saw interviewed on TV. And to be sure, the ADC’s overwrought claims do have some scientific basis. Take heart disease. Foods like butter, cheese, ice cream and whole milk are packed with saturated fat （飽和脂肪），which blocks arteries （動脈）and can lead to heart attacks. That’s why most nutritionists advise switching to low-fat or skim milk and eating more yogurt and cottage cheese than Haagen-Dazs and Brie. Even skim milk, though, can trigger allergies in some people, including infants, who in any case will get more iron and other key nutrients from breast milk or formula. So must you flee from milk entirely? Yes, says Cohen, who holds that skim milk is the devil’s brew. It’s full of — are you sitting down? — Protein. And here’s where the ADC starts twisting the facts to reach wild conclusions. Allergies are frequently triggered by proteins （ true ； asthma is an allergic condition （true ； it’s been increasing dramatically （true ； doctors don’t know the cause （true；therefore, the protein in milk must be the culprit （罪魁禍首）？

A similar leap of illogic assumes that because women in the Netherlands. Denmark, Norway and Sweden consume lots of milk and also suffer high rates of breast cancer ； the former must cause the latter. Another clunker is Cohen’s claim that widespread lactose intolerance （乳糖不耐受）一the inability to digest dairy products 一 means milk is of little use as a source of calcium. In fact, many cases of lactose intolerance are mild and interfere only slightly with calcium uptake. Many people intolerant of milk can easily digest yogurt. And lactase tablets （乳糖分解酵素片）can make dairy products digestible even in severe cases.

If milk isn’t the perfect food, it’s still got some big things going for it. It’s an inexpensive source of calcium, protein, potassium and other vitamins and minerals. And unlike other sources of calcium, such as, say, steamed kale, milk is a food kids will eat. The ADC feels that milk is the root of most human maladies （疾?。琤ut I can point to other single-issue obsessive who insist the villain is meat or wheat or sugar or some other substance that our species has long and happily consumed. I often learn something by examining their claims. But I keep coining back to the mainstream nutritionists, who emphasize a balanced diet and advise moderation in all things.

61. The ADC holds that giving up milk will cause the following diseases EXCEPT .

A. breast cancer B. diabetes C. heart disease D. lung disease

62. The writer thinks that milk .

A. is toxic and we should give it up

B. is very nutritious and we should consume it as much as possible

C. is the most ideal food

D. has its pluses and minuses and we should consume it sensibly

63. It is clear from the passage that .

A. the writer is of the same opinion about milk with the ADC

B. the writer regards milk as the root of most human diseases

C. the writer advises people to stay out of trouble with milk

D. the writer’s opinion about milk differs greatly from the ADC’s

64. According to the passage, if you suffer from lactose intolerance .

A. you had better give up milk entirely

B. you should have less milk every day

C. you can take lactase which catalyzes （催化）lactose into glucose （葡萄糖）and galactose （半乳糖）

D. you must see a doctor at once

65. We can conclude from the passage that the writer is .

A. an unprejudiced person B. an opinionated person

C. a worldly person D. a wise but peculiar person

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