英語(yǔ)六級(jí)閱讀長(zhǎng)難句解析(4)

【譯文】人落水時(shí)，救生衣能否在正確的位置支撐起落水者十分重要，同樣重要的是，即使是在人沒有力氣或是在陷入昏迷的情況下，救生衣也能使面朝下的落水者在水中站起來(lái)，或是身體稍微向后仰，使臉離開水面。

【析句】整句話的主干是The position is most important,as is its tendency to...即由主句和as引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語(yǔ)從句組成。具體看來(lái)，主句the position后是介詞+which引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句，position在定語(yǔ)從句中作in的賓語(yǔ)，因此把in提前到which前。in which定語(yǔ)從句中又有who引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句修飾a person。as引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語(yǔ)從句中，to turn the wearer from...to...是不定式短語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ)修飾its tendency，with his face clear of the water作伴隨狀語(yǔ)，最后是when引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。

2. A suitable life preserver should also be comfortable to wear at all times, in and out of the water, not so heavy as to encourage to take it off on shipboard while the ship is in danger, nor so burdensome that it hinders a person in the water while trying to swim. (1991. 閱讀. Text 1)

【譯文】合身的救生衣任何時(shí)候，無(wú)論在不在水中，都應(yīng)該讓穿著者感到舒服，既不會(huì)十分笨重，讓人在船只遇險(xiǎn)時(shí)不得不脫下救生衣求生，也不應(yīng)限制落水者游泳自救的靈活性。

【析句】復(fù)合句。主句A suitable life perserver should be comfortable to wear at all times, in and out of the water作地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)，not so heavy as to encourage...，nor so burdensome是形容詞作伴隨，包含句型not...，nor...;while the ship is in danger作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，而nor后包含短語(yǔ)so...that...。

3. This assumption rests on the fallacy of the inherent laziness in human nature; actually, aside from abnormally lazy people, there would be very few who would not want to earn more than the minimum, and who would prefer to do nothing rather than work. (1991. 閱讀. Text 2)

【譯文】這種假設(shè)是基于這樣一種謬論：人的天性中就存在遺傳惰性。而事實(shí)上，除了特別懶惰的人以外，幾乎沒有人愿意掙只相當(dāng)于最低生活維持費(fèi)的錢，也沒有人愿意飽食終日，無(wú)所用心。

【析句】句子主干是This assumption rests on……;aside from……，there would be very few who would……，and who would……。分號(hào)連接兩個(gè)并列分句。在第二個(gè)分句中，介問短語(yǔ)aside from abnormally(特別地)lazy people作狀語(yǔ)，主句是一個(gè)there be存在句，包含兩個(gè)并列的由關(guān)系代詞who引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句，修飾few.Rest on在此意為“依據(jù)”。aside from相當(dāng)于“except”，譯為“除了”。

1. It is not so bad being ignorant if you are totally ignorant; the hard thing is knowing in some detail the reality of ignorance, the worst spots and here and there the not-so-bad spots, but no true light at the end of the tunnel nor even any tunnels that can yet be trusted. (1991. 閱讀. 12月. Text 3)

【譯文】如果你徹底無(wú)知的話，那么無(wú)知也就不是那么糟糕。困難的是人們?cè)敿?xì)了解無(wú)知的實(shí)際情況——最差的方面以及各處并不太差的方面，但并不了解這種困難根本沒有結(jié)束的跡象，甚至還沒有可以信賴的任何解決問題的途徑。

【析句】句子的主干是it is not so bad being ignorant if...;the hard thing is knowing the reality…but no true light……nor even any tunnels……分號(hào)連接兩個(gè)并列分句。前面的分句句首it為形式主語(yǔ)，真正的主語(yǔ)為being ignorant;if引導(dǎo)條件狀語(yǔ)從句。后一分句的is knowing…和no true light…nor even any tunnels由but連接做系表謂語(yǔ);句尾that引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句修飾tunnels.

2. The theoretical separation of living, working, traffic and recreation which for many years has been used in town-and-country planning, has in my opinion resulted in disproportionate attention for forms of recreation far from home, whereas there was relatively little attention for improvement of recreative possibilities in the direct neighbourhood of the home. (1991. 閱讀. 12月. Text 4)

【譯文】多年來(lái)，生活、工作、交通、娛樂分離的理論，一直被用于城市鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)規(guī)劃中，在我看來(lái)，這會(huì)造成人們過(guò)度關(guān)注遠(yuǎn)離居民區(qū)的娛樂方式，，然而卻很少有人關(guān)注家附近消遣方式的改善。

【析句】復(fù)合句。主句是The theoretical seperation of... resulted in disproportionate attention,其中，recreation后有which引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句which has been used in town-and-country planning。逗號(hào)后，whereas為從屬連詞，引導(dǎo)表示對(duì)比或與主句意思相反的狀語(yǔ)從句，比較正式。

3. The very best standard of living is nothing if it is not possible to take a pleasant walk in the district, if the children cannot be allowed to play in the streets, because the risks of traffic are too great, if during shopping you can nowhere find a spot for enjoying for a moment the nice weather, in short, if you only feel yourself at home after the street-door of your house is closed after you. (1991. 閱讀. 12月. Text 4)

【譯文】如果你不能在街區(qū)里悠閑地散步，如果孩子們因?yàn)榫薮蟮慕煌ㄎｋU(xiǎn)性而不能在街道上玩耍，如果在購(gòu)物時(shí)找不到一處可以欣賞一會(huì)美景的地點(diǎn)，如果只是在臨街門關(guān)上之后才覺得自己身在家中，那么再好的生活條件都毫無(wú)價(jià)值。

【析句】漢語(yǔ)中的排比句能夠增強(qiáng)文中的感情色彩，加強(qiáng)語(yǔ)氣，英語(yǔ)中也同樣如此。主句The very best standard of living is nothing, 后面是四個(gè)并列的if條件狀語(yǔ)從句，具體來(lái)說(shuō)，第四個(gè)是前三個(gè)的總結(jié)。其中，第二個(gè)條件狀語(yǔ)從句中，又包含because引導(dǎo)的原因狀語(yǔ)從句。