2018年浙江學士學位英語模擬題(1)

2018年浙江學士學位英語模擬題(1)，本套試卷是2018年浙江學士學位英語模擬題，有答案解析。

一、詞匯與語法

1.It is obvious that this new rule is applicable to everyone without _____.

A.exception
B.exclusion
C.modification
D.substitution

2.Last night he saw two dark _____ enter the building, and then there was the explosion.

A.features
B.figures
C.sketches
D.images

3.Faced with rapid inflation and _____ international and home markets, many firms have declared bankrupt.

A.lessening
B.shortening
C.shrinking
D.withdrawing

4.We"d better eliminate junk foods from our kitchen and keep a variety of high-quality foods _____ at all times.

A.available
B.desirable
C.enormous
D.numerous

5.The purpose of your resume is to _____ enough interest in you to have an employer contact you for an interview.

A.assemble
B.generate
C.yield
D.gather

6.Some concepts may be difficult to grasp chiefly because they may be unfamiliar or _____ ideas, opinions which we already hold

A.in accordance with
B.in conflict with
C.in favor of
D.in response to

7.The city government has determined to get _____ with people who try to escape paying taxes.

A.rough
B.tough
C.rigid
D.bold

8.Human beings are superior to animals _____ they can use language as a tool to communicate

A.for which
B.in which
C.in that
D.for that

9.Do you know the name of that _____ insect?

A.funny, little, red, mosquito-like
B.little, funny, mosquito-like, red
C.red, little, funny, mosquito-like
D.mosquito-like, red, little, funny

10.The time has come _____ we make extensive use of nuclear energy.

A.When
B.while
C.as
D.since

11.Professor Black and professor Smith will _____ in giving the class lectures.

A.alter
B.change
C.alternate
D.differ

12.We drive our car fast and soon _____ other cars on the road

A.oversee
B.overtake
C.overrun
D.override

13.Are there any other factors that might affect the development of a child ______ education and innate inability?

A.apart from
B.away from
C.far from
D.but for

14.I would never have encouraged you to go into this field _____ it would be so hard for you.

A.had I known
B.and I had known
C.should I know
D.but I knew

15.Reading is to the mind _____ food is to the body.

A.what
B.that
C.similar
D.which

16.Jane"s _____ for gardening is evident by all of these beautiful flowers.

A.acquaintance
B.familiarity
C.achievement
D.enthusiasm

17.In the 1850"s Harriet Beecher Stowe"s "Uncle Tom"s Cabin" became the best seller of the generation, _____ a host of imitators.

A.inspiring
B.inspired
C.inspired by
D.to inspire

18.They have made a _____ plan to build a suspension bridge over the river.

A.bald
B.bound
C.bold
D.bare

19.Her humorous remarks seemed _____, but were in fact carefully prepared beforehand

A.precise
B.blank
C.spontaneous
D.bold

20.Are there any other factors that might affect the development of a child _____ education and innate inability?

A.apart from
B.away from
C.far from
D.but for

二、閱讀理解

1.Where do pesticides(殺蟲劑fit into the picture of environmental disease? We have seen that they now pollute soil, water, and food, that they have the power to make our streams fishless and our gardens and woodlands silent and birdless. Man, however much he may like to pretend the contrary, is part of nature. Can he escape a pollution that is now so thoroughly distributed throughout our world? We know that even single exposures to these chemicals, if the amount is large enough, can cause extremely severe poisoning. But this is not the major problem. The sudden illness or death of farmers, farm workers, and others exposed to sufficient quantities of pesticides is very sad and should not occur. For the population as a whole, we must be more concerned with the delayed effects of absorbing small amounts of the pesticides that invisibly pollute our world. Responsible public health officials have pointed out that the biological effects of chemicals are cumulative over long periods of time, and that the danger to the individual may depend on the sum of the exposures received throughout his lifetime. For these very reasons the danger is easily ignored. It is human nature to shake off what may seem to us a threat of future disaster. "Men are naturally most impressed by diseases which have obvious signs," says a wise physician, Dr.Rene Dubos, "yet some of their worst enemies slowly approach them unnoticed." Which of the following is closest in meaning to the sentence "Man, ... is part of nature."(Line 3,Para.1)?

A.Man appears indifferent to what happens in nature.
B.Man acts as if he does not belong to nature.
C.Man can avoid the effects of environmental pollution.
D.Man can escape his responsibilities for environmental protection.

2. What is the author"s attitude towards the environmental effects of pesticides?

A.Pessimistic.
B.Indifferent.
C.Defensive.
D.Concerned.

3. In the author"s view, the sudden death caused by exposure to large amounts of pesticides _____.

A.is not the worst of the negative consequences resulting from the use of pesticides
B.now occurs most frequently among all accidental deaths
C.has sharply increased so as to become the center of public attention
D.is unavoidable because people can"t do without pesticides in farming

4. People tend to ignore the delayed effects of exposure to chemicals because _____.

A.limited exposure to them does little harm to people"s health
B.the present is more important for them than the future
C.the danger does not become apparent immediately
D.humans are capable of withstanding small amounts of poisoning

5. It can be concluded from Dr.Dubos"remarks that _____.

A.people find invisible diseases difficult to deal with
B.attacks by hidden enemies tend to be fatal
C.diseases with obvious signs are easy to cure
D.people tend to overlook hidden dangers caused by pesticides

6.When a consumer finds that an item she or he bought is faulty or in some other way does not live up to the manufacturer's claim for it, the first step is to present the warranty(保單, or any other records which might help, at the store of purchase. In most cases, this action will produce results. However, if it does not, there are various means the consumer may use to gain satisfaction. A simple and common method used by many consumers is to complain directly to the store manager. In general, the "higher up" the consumer takes his or her complaint, the faster he or she can expect it to be settled. In such a case, it is usually settled in the consumer's favour, assuming he or she has a just claim. Consumers shoud complain in person whenever possible, but if they cannot get to the place of purchase, it is acceptable to phone or write the complaint in a letter. Complaining is usually most effective when it is done politely but firmly, and especially when the consumer can demonstrate what is wrong with the item in question. If this cannot be done, the consumer will succeed best by presenting specific information as to what is wrong, rather than by making general statements. For example, "The left speaker does not work at all and the sound coming out of the right one is unclear" is better than "This stereo(立體聲音響does not work." The store manager may advise the consumer to write to the manufacturer. If so, the consumer should do this, stating the complaint as politely and as firmly as possible. But if a polite complaint does not achieve the desired result, the consumer can go a step further. She or he can threaten to take the seller to court or report the seller to a private or public organization responsible for protecting consumers,rights. When a consumer finds that his purchase has a fault in it, the first thing he should do is to _____.

A.complain personally to the manager
B.threaten to take the matter to court
C.write a firm letter of complaint to the store of purchase
D.show some written proof of the purchase to the store

10.Tthe passage tells us _____.

A.how to settle a consumer"s complaint about a faulty item
B.how to make an effective complaint about a faulty item
C.how to avoid buying a faulty item
D.how to deal with complaints from customers

7.If a consumer wants a quick settlement of his problem, it"s better to complain to _____.

A.a shop assistant
B.the store manager
C.the manufacturer
D.a public organization

8.The most effective complaint can be made by _____.

A.showing the faulty item to the manufacturer
B.explaining exactly what is wrong with the item
C.saying firmly that the item is of poor quality
D.asking politely to change the item

9.The phrase "live up to" (Para. 1, Line 2.in the context means _____.

A.meet the standard of
B.realize the purpose of
C.fulfil the demands of
D.keep the promise of

11.What is exactly a lie? Is it anything we say which we know is untrue? Or is it something more than that? For example, suppose a friend wants to borrow some money from you, you say: I wish I could help you but I'm short of money myself. In fact, you are not short of money, but your friend is in the habit of not paying his debts and you don't want to hurt his feelings by reminding him of this. Is this really a lie? A scientific study of lying shows women are better liars than men, particularly when telling a "white lie" such as when a woman at a party tells another woman that she likes her dress when she really thinks it looks terrible. However, this is only one side of the story. Other researches show that men are more likely to tell more serious lies, such as making a promise which they have no intention of fulfilling. This is the kind of lie politicians and businessmen are supposed to be particularly skilled at: the lie from which the liar hopes to profit or gain in some way. Research has also been done into the way people's behavior. changes in a number of small, apparently unimportant ways when they lie. It has been found that if they are sitting down at the same time, they tend to move about in their chairs more than usual. To the trained observer they are saying I wish I were somewhere else now.  This passage tells us that _____.

A.telling lies is often necessary in order to avoid being defeated
B.telling lies is often bad because people ought not to be dishonest
C.telling lies is sometimes necessary in order not to hurt someone else’s feelings
D.telling lies is not bad at all in most cases

12. In Paragraph 2, the sentence "Women are better liars than men do." probably means _____.

A.women are better at telling lies than men
B.women liars are better accepted than men
C.women have a better intention when telling lies
D.women tell fewer lies than men do

13. A "white lie" means _____.

A.a lie that is completely unbelievable
B.a lie that is told with a good will
C.a lie that is always believable
D.a lie that often has an evil purpose

14. Politicians and businessmen are supposed to be skilled at telling the kind of lies _____.

A.from which they may gain some advantages
B.that seems to be believable
C.that women are most likely to believe
D.with which they can have better relationship with others

15. It can be concluded from the passage that _____.

A.there is a simple way of finding out if someone is lying
B.from some ways people behave we can know they are lying
C.certain emotions are proof of lying
D.in some situations women are most likely to think businessmen are dishonest

16.How can we get rid of garbage? Do we have enough energy sources to meet our future energy needs? These are two important questions that many people are asking today. Some people think that man might be able to solve both problems at the same time. They suggest using garbage as an energy source, and at the same time it can save the land to hold garbage. For a long time, people buried garbage or dumped(傾倒it on empty land. Now, empty land is scarce. But more and more garbage is produced each year. However, garbage can be a good fuel to use. The things in garbage do not look like coal, petroleum, or natural gas; but they are chemically similar to these fossil(化石fuels. As we use up our fossil fuel supplies, we might be able to use garbage as an energy source. Burning garbage is not a new idea. Some cities in Europe and the United States have been burning garbage for years. The heat that is produced by burning garbage is used to boil water. The steam that is produced is used to make electricity or to heat nearby buildings. In Paris, France, some power plants burn almost 2 million metric tons of the cities garbage each year. The amount of energy produced is about the same as would be produced by burning almost a half mil- lion barrels of oil. Our fossil fuel supplies are limited. Burning garbage might be one kind of energy source that we can use to help meet our energy needs. This method could also reduce the amount of gar-bage piling up on the earth. What two problems can man solve by burning garbage?

A.The shortage of energy and air pollution.
B.The shortage of energy and the land to hold garbage.
C.Air pollution and the shortage of fossil fuel.
D.Air pollution and the shortage of land to hold garbage.

17.Which of the following is not the result of burning garbage?

A.The garbage burned is turned into fossil fuels.
B.The heat produced is used to boil water.
C.The steam produced is used to make electricity.
D.The steam produced is used to heat buildings.

18.According to the passage which of the following is NOT true?

A.About 2 million metric tons of garbage is burned in some power plants in Pads, France each year.
B.In a modem society, more and more garbage is produced each year.
C.Using garbage is a good way to solve the problem of energy shortage.
D.It will be too expensive to use garbage as an energy source.

19.What is the author"s attitude?

A.Delighted.
B.Sad.
C.Agreeing.
D.Disagreeing.

20.The best title for the passage may be

A.Garbage and the Earth
B.Fossil Fuel and Garbage
C.Land and Garbage
D.Garbage--Energy Source

三、完形填空

1.For reasons of safety and ease of maintenance, Washington and dozens of other communities are building rubber sidewalks made (41)ground-up tires of cars and bikes. The rubber squares are up to three times more expensive than concrete squares but (42)longer, because tree roots and freezing weather won't crack them. That,(43), could reduce the number of slip-and-fall complaints made (44)uneven pavements. The shock-absorbing surface also happens to be easier on the joints of slow runners and more forgiving when someone slips or falls. And the rubber side-walks are considered more environmentally friendly. They (45)a way to recycle some of the estimated 290 million tires(46)out each year in the United States, and they do not restrict tree roots the way concrete squares (47)Since 2001, a company, Rubber Sidewalks, has been grinding thousands of old tires into small pieces,(48)sticky substances and baking the material into sidewalk sections that weigh less than eleven pounds a square foot, or a quarter of the weight of concrete. The rubber squares are now (49)in two colors of gray and orange. The District of Columbia has spent about $ 60,000 to replace broken concrete with the rubber squares here and there in a residential (50)northeast of the capital.41______

A.of
B.on
C.by
D.for

2.42

A.stay
B.last
C.exist
D.survive

3.43

A.by turns
B.by return
C.in turn
D.in return

44

A.for
B.with
C.to
D.against

5.45

A.furnish
B.offer
C.give
D.refer

6.46

A.thrown
B.throwing
C.threw
D.throws

7.47

A.doing
B.done
C.did
D.do

8.48

A.add
B.added
C.adding
D.adds

9.49

A.available
B.accessible
C.advisable
D.achievable

10.50

A.zone
B.location
C.position
D.Neighborhood

四、翻譯

1.It is determined through tests that the harmful substances in a fog droplet, such as acid, sodium, salt, amine, phenol, dusts and pathogen microbes, are dozens of times more than that in a normal atmospheric water drop.

2.The United States Green Building Council, a nonprofit industry group that encourages the creation of environmentally conscious buildings, will introduce a bird-safety credit this fall as part of its environmental certification process.

3.Such crashes are the second-leading cause of death for migrating birds, after habitat(棲息地loss, with an estimated number of death ranging up to a billion a year.

4.If the Chinese people work hard, they can definitely attain this grand strategic objective.

5.For weeks he had worried over how to convince the graduates that they, too, could succeed against seemingly impossible odds, that they could move mountains.

五、作文

1.Directions：You are to write in 100-120 words on the topic Global Shortage ofFresh Wa-ter.You should base your composition on the outline given in Chinese below ：1.人們認為淡水是取之不盡的 ;2.實際上淡水是短缺的;3.我們應當怎么辦。