2021年成人學(xué)位英語考試模擬題沖刺卷(7)

2021年成人學(xué)位英語考試模擬題沖刺卷(7)

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二、閱讀理解(11-30)

Education is broadly divided into general and special education; our topic now is the difference and the relationship between the two. The term, general education, is somewhat vague and colorless; it does not mean some airy education in knowledge in general (if there be such knowledge), nor does it mean education for all in the sense of universal education. It is used to indicate that part of a student's whole education which look first of all to his life as a responsible human being and citizen, while the term, special education, indicates that part which looks to the student's competence in some occupation. These two sides of life are not entirely separable; and it would be false to imagine education for the one as quite distinct from education for the other. Clearly, general education has somewhat the meaning of liberal education. If one clings to the root meaning of liberal as that which benefits or helps to make free men, then general and liberal education have identical goals.

It is most unfortunate if we envisage general education as something formless-that is to say. the taking of one course after another; and as something negative, namely, the study of what is not in a field of concentration. Just as we regard the courses in concentration as having definite relations to one another, so should we envisage general education as an organic whole whose parts in expounding a ruling idea and in serving a common aim. It may be objected that we are proposing to limit the liberty of the student in the very name of liberal education. Such an objection would only indicate an ambiguity in the conception of liberal education. We must distinguish between liberalism in education and education in the liberalism. The former, based as it is on the doctrine of individualism, expresses the view that the student should be free in his choice of courses. But education in liberalism is an altogether different matter; it is education which has a pattern associated with the liberal outlook. In this view, there are truths which none can be free to ignore, if one is to have that wisdom through which life can become useful. These are the truths concerning the structure of the good life and concerning the factual conditions by which it may be achieved, truths comprising the goals of the free society.

11.What is the main idea of the passage?

A.Difference and relationship between general and special education.

B.Difference and relationship between general and liberal education.

C.Difference and relationship between liberalism in education and education in liberalism.

D.All of the above.

答案： D

詳解：答案D.從本文第一句看出，原文首先談及普通教育與特殊教育的關(guān)系與區(qū)別;原文第一段末尾談及普通教育與自由教育的聯(lián)系;接著第二段談及這兩者的區(qū)別;原文第二段第五句作者言道“我們必須區(qū)分開教育中的自由主義與自由教育”，由該句可推論出這二者之間必有其相關(guān)與不同之處，因此才須區(qū)分。D項正確。

12.According to the author, what does the term "general education" mean?

A.Education for making students become responsible.

B.Education for making students become competent in any occupation.

C.Education for making students study courses freely.

D.Education for making students study useful things in our society.

答案： A

詳解：答案A.從原文第三句可知，普通教育這一術(shù)語是用來指出通過這種教育，使學(xué)生成為有責(zé)任感的人。A項選項符合原文;B項、C項、D項與原文不符。

13. What is the relationship between general and special education?

A.Both general and special education make students study universal knowledge.

B.Both general and special education make students become free.

C.Both general and special education look to the future life of students.

D.Both general and special education have some limitation.

答案： C

詳解：答案C.從原文第一段可知，普通教育的目的在于將學(xué)生變成有責(zé)任感的人;特殊教育是使學(xué)生對于將來所從事的某種工作有勝任能力。C項正確。

14. What does the word "namely" mean?

A.The word something or someone is called.

B.That is to say.

C.An offensive title for someone.

D.The opinion others have of someone.

答案： B

詳解：答案B.在第二段的第一句話里，作者說“如果我們把普通教育想象為是無形的或是具有負(fù)面影響的話，這就是最不幸的?！弊髡咴趂ormless and negative后分別用that is to say和namely對其作進(jìn)一步的補充說明。根據(jù)猜詞技巧，namely即是that is to say，因此，選擇B項。

15. What is the difference between liberalism in education and education in liberalism?

A.They have different stands.

B.They have different purposes

C.They have different conditions.

D.They have different objects.

答案： A

詳解：答案A。從原文第二段的后半部分可知，教育中的自由主義是基于個人主義學(xué)說;而自由主義教育則是與自由觀點相聯(lián)系的教育模式;其立足點不同。A.項符合原文;B項、C項、D項與原文不符。

It is all very well to blame traffic jams, the cost of petrol and the quick pace of modem life, but manners on the roads are becoming horrible. Everybody knows that the nicest men become monsters behind the wheel. You might tolerate the odd road-hog, the rude and inconsiderate driver, but nowadays the well-mannered motorist is the exception to the rule.

Road politeness is not only good manners, but good sense too. It takes the most coolheaded and good tempered of drivers to resist the temptation to revenge when subjected to uncivilized behavior. On the other hand , a little politeness goes a long way towards relieving the tensions of motoring. A friendly nod or a wave of acknowledgement in response to an act of politeness helps to create an atmosphere of goodwill and tolerance so necessary in modern traffic conditions. But such acknowledgements of politeness are all too rare today.

However, misplaced politeness can also be dangerous. Typical examples are the driver who brakes violently to allow a car to emerge from a side street at some hazard to following traffic, when a few seconds later the road would be clear anyway;or the man who waves a child across a zebra crossing into the path of oncoming vehicles that may be unable to stop in time. The same goes for encouraging old ladies to cross the road wherever and whenever they care to. It always amazes me that the highways are not covered with the dead bodies of these grannies.

A veteran driver, whose manners are faultless, told me it would help if motorists learnt to filter correctly into traffic streams one at a time without causing the total blockages that give rise to bad temper. Unfortunately, modem motorists can't even learn to drive, let alone master the subtler aspects of roadsmanship. Year ago the experts warned us that the car-ownership explosion would demand a lot more give-and-take from all road users. It is high time for all of us to take this message to heart.

16.According to this passage, troubles on the mad are primarily caused by______.

A. people's attitude towards the mad-hog

B. the rhythm of modem life

C. the behavior of the driver

D. traffic conditions

答案： A

詳解：答案A。根據(jù)第一段第一句話，It is all very well…, but…這一結(jié)構(gòu)是用實際和提議相比時用來表示不滿的詞語，意思是“…好是很好，可是…”。由此可知，作者顯然在這里談?wù)摰挠^點是but之后的意思：責(zé)怪交通擁擠，汽油費用和當(dāng)代生活的快節(jié)奏對是對，可是道路上的禮貌問題變得很令人可怕。因此B、D兩項不正確。根據(jù)這段第三句，人們或許能容忍road-hog，故A項不正確。

17.The sentence "You might tolerate the odd road-hog…the rude."(Para. 1) implies that ________.

A. our society is unjust towards well-mannered motorists

B. rude drivers can be met only occasionally

C. he well-mannered motorist cannot tolerate the road-hog

D. nowadays impolite drivers constitute the majority of motorists

答案： D

詳解：答案D.這里road-hog是指妨礙其他車輛行駛的司機(jī)。這句話是說，你可能會容忍古怪的妨礙其他車輛行駛， 即粗暴又不顧別人的司機(jī)，可是如今有禮貌的司機(jī)只是個別例外。言外之意不懂禮貌的司機(jī)是常見的。因此B.C兩項不正確。作者并未提及社會對有禮貌的司機(jī)不公平，因此A項也不正確。

18. By“good sense”in paragraph 2, the writer means _______.

A. the driver's ability to understand and react reasonably

B. the driver's prompt response to difficult and severe conditions.

C. the driver's tolerance of rude or even savage behavior

D. the driver's acknowledgement of politeness and regulations

答案： A

詳解：答案A.根據(jù)文章第二段，作者認(rèn)為good sense包括兩方面的含義：既要對別人禮貌，對別人的不禮貌行為要保持冷靜頭腦;又要意識到別人對自己的禮貌照顧，并對此作出反應(yīng)，如友好的點一下頭或招手示意。B項不是全文討論內(nèi)容。C項只是good sense的一個具體體現(xiàn)，不是其真正含義，故均不正確。D項中的regulations(交通規(guī)則)全文并未提及，故也不對。

19. Experts have long pointed out that in the face of car-ownership explosion, ______.

A. road users should make more sacrifice

B. drivers should be ready to yield to each other

C. drivers should have more communication among themselves

D. drivers will suffer great loss if they pay no respect to others

答案： B

詳解：答案B.根據(jù)最后一段倒數(shù)第二句，專家忠告說隨著路上汽車數(shù)量的大增，司機(jī)應(yīng)該相讓(give-and-take)。A項說司機(jī)作出更大犧牲，不符合題意。C項本文未涉及。D項說不尊重他人的后果，也不正確。

20.In the writer's opinion, ______.

A. strict traffic regulations are badly needed

B. drivers should apply road politeness properly

C. rude drivers should be punished

D. drivers should avoid traffic jams

答案： B

詳解：答案B.全文討論的是道路上的禮貌問題，文中第三段著重討論了禮貌用的不恰當(dāng)也會很危險這一觀點，并舉例來說明，這與B項觀點吻合。文中并未提及交通法規(guī)和粗魯司機(jī)要受懲罰，故A.C兩項不對。從全文看，作者認(rèn)為司機(jī)要有禮貌，互諒互讓，故D項也不對。