成人學(xué)位英語習(xí)題練習(xí)(1)

成人高考 責(zé)任編輯:唐丹平 2020-03-30

摘要:成人學(xué)位英語習(xí)題練習(xí)(1)如下

完形填空

We have quite a bit of information about ancient Egyptian medicine. Doctors' instructions have been found to tell us 56 they did for the sick and the injured. 57 many of the treatments included magic, ancient Egyptians used plant leaves and other methods to treat many 58 .

Religion, magic and medicine were 59 related in ancient Egypt. Some priests (牧師) were specially 60 as doctors to 61 the sick and the injured. Doctors were held to a high moral standard. Patients was treated with 62 and their 63 information was highly secret. The highest-ranking doctors were priests of the goddess Sekhmet, 64 controlled illnesses. Doctors spent a part of each year 65 the goddess. Doctors were thought to be 66 to the gods and able to ask them for healing.

Temples were centers for healing. 67 a person was ill, he or she would come to the temple or 68 a doctor for a diagnosis (診斷). A(n) 69 problem was treated with medicine, prayer and magic. If a clear cause was not 70 , the diagnosis would be that the illness was caused by an evil spirit or cUrse. The doctor would use magic spells to 71 a cure. 72 , a diagnosis could not be reached. 73 this case, a patient would be told to rest for a period of time 74 another examination could be 75.

56. A. what B. why C. that D. which

【答案】A。答案:考察連詞、考察從句。分清楚是什么類型的從句是關(guān)鍵,從句接在tell us 后面,我們知道,tell 需要接雙賓語,所以這里就應(yīng)該是一個(gè)賓語從句。

從句they did for the sick and the injured.沒有完整,缺少賓語(did是一個(gè)及物動(dòng)詞),排除B與C選項(xiàng);which 前面應(yīng)該有所指代,而原文中沒有提供,排除。因此選擇what。

57. A. When B. Since C. Although D. After

【答案】C。答案: 關(guān)鍵詞:magic,和 plant leaves and other methods,是不一樣的治療方法,所以前后應(yīng)該是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。句意“盡管許多治療方法都包含著巫術(shù)在里面,但是古埃及人也用植物的葉子和其他方法治療疾病”,選擇轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系although。

58. A. damages B. diseases C. disasters D. destructions

【答案】B。答案:此題目充分利用切題解題法:此文章講述:醫(yī)生、治療方法、巫術(shù)….當(dāng)然空格處與treat“治療”匹配的只能是: “疾病”diseases。

一網(wǎng)支招:諸如此類的題目應(yīng)該是越做越容易,因?yàn)槲覀儗?duì)文章大意已經(jīng)有了一個(gè)大致的了解了。

59. A. hardly B. closely C. mainly D. shortly

【答案】B。答案:我們已經(jīng)有了這樣的信息:古代埃及的治療方法比較多,當(dāng)然也包含巫術(shù)(與咱們中國,是何其相似,可能是都是四大文明古國的原因吧,燒香拜佛,祈求無病無災(zāi)哩)

關(guān)鍵詞:related “有關(guān)系的”,空格處填入的詞語修飾related,表達(dá)的意思講述關(guān)系怎么樣了。根據(jù)以上信息,巫術(shù)與醫(yī)術(shù)的關(guān)系是緊密的,表示緊密聯(lián)系closely related。

同時(shí)也可以利用我們的常識(shí)儲(chǔ)備,輕輕松松弄出答案來:醫(yī)術(shù)與巫術(shù)的關(guān)系是緊密的,下文也有暗示信息。

60. A. trained B. designed C. planned D. studied

【答案】A。答案:關(guān)鍵詞:as“作為”, some priests (牧師) were specially 60 as doctors to 61 the sick and the injured.。牧師被_____作為醫(yī)生,所以句子意思就成為了:牧師(似乎與醫(yī)生無關(guān)的人)變成了醫(yī)生。角色的轉(zhuǎn)變,當(dāng)然需要train訓(xùn)練,培養(yǎng)。

61. A. look to B. come to C. care for D. search for

【答案】C。答案:承上啟下,順理成章,醫(yī)生與病人的關(guān)系是治療與照顧的關(guān)系。考察動(dòng)詞短語,care for sb。照顧,照料……。

62. A. reputation B. inspection C. fame D. respect

【答案】D。答案:此題目要與63小題結(jié)合一起來完成,63小題后面的關(guān)鍵詞:information was highly secret.所以我們看到此類關(guān)鍵詞,利用常識(shí)儲(chǔ)備,我們自然而然脫口而出了:病人的隱私是高度機(jī)密的,說明病人是受到尊敬的,選擇respect“尊敬,尊重”。

63. A. ill B. own C. hidden D. personal

【答案】D。答案:承上啟下,空格處表達(dá):個(gè)人信息、隱私personal information。當(dāng)今社會(huì),學(xué)員朋友對(duì)personal information這個(gè)詞語應(yīng)該是不陌生的!甚至能夠脫口而出,此題目的答案。

64. A. that B. which C. who D. what

【答案】C。答案:考察連詞與從句。首先分清楚什么從句,是關(guān)鍵。priests of the goddess Sekhmet, ______controlled illnesses.,從句接在名詞后面,是一個(gè)定語從句,且定語從句不完整,缺少主語。首先排除D選項(xiàng),因?yàn)閣hat不引導(dǎo)定語從句。因?yàn)榭崭裉幥懊娴亩禾?hào),排除A選項(xiàng)(that不引導(dǎo)非限制定語從句),先行詞是the goddess Sekhmet,指人,用who。

65. A. serving B. reading C. learning D. following

【答案】A。答案:直譯一下空格處所在的句子,答案就一目了然了:醫(yī)生每年花費(fèi)一定的時(shí)間_____神。一一帶入選項(xiàng),只有A選項(xiàng),合符題意:serve the god/goddess侍奉神明。也與前面的信息相吻合了:巫術(shù)也是一種治療方法。故而切題。

66. A. careful B. generous C. mean D. close

【答案】D。答案:承上啟下,順理成章,于是醫(yī)生就與神走到一起了:根據(jù)句意,醫(yī)生們被認(rèn)為和神明很親近,選擇close,近的。同時(shí)這也是59小題的暗示信息。

67. A. Before B. When C. Until D. Since

【答案】B。答案:此類題目應(yīng)該沒有多少技術(shù)含量可言,我們只要把句子弄通順就ok了。因?yàn)檫@絕對(duì)是狀語從句之類的句子。選項(xiàng)中沒有出現(xiàn)定語從句和名詞性從句的引導(dǎo)詞。應(yīng)該來說相對(duì)容易。當(dāng)一個(gè)人生病的時(shí)候……,選擇when。

68. A. think over B. apply to C. call for D. make up

【答案】C。答案:承上啟下,人生病,當(dāng)然得請(qǐng)醫(yī)生。考察動(dòng)詞短語意思,call for a doctor邀請(qǐng)一個(gè)醫(yī)生。

再者:he or she would come to the temple or_______ a doctor for a diagnosis (診斷).千萬千萬注意此處的關(guān)鍵詞:or,表達(dá)選擇關(guān)系,he是指代病人。生病后,要么去寺廟,要么____。根據(jù)前面的信息:古代埃及的治療方法分為兩類:巫術(shù)和醫(yī)術(shù)。答案不就明擺著了嗎?要么請(qǐng)醫(yī)生。

69. A. serious B. internal C. odd D. obvious

【答案】D。答案:A(n) _____ problem was treated with medicine, prayer and magic. If a clear cause was not 一種_____病用醫(yī)術(shù)治療,根據(jù)下文,下文提到難治的病,這里就應(yīng)該說的是“明顯的”問題是怎么治療的,選擇obvious明顯的。

70小題前面的關(guān)鍵詞:clear“清楚的”,也是本小題的暗示信息。我們至此就可以這么理解了:容易治療的病,就用醫(yī)術(shù),疑難雜癥就用巫術(shù)治療。

70. A. treated B. discovered C. cured D. aroused

【答案】B。承上啟下,考察動(dòng)詞詞義,discover發(fā)現(xiàn),如果病因沒有被“發(fā)現(xiàn)”,那么只有求助神明了。(與我們中國的傳統(tǒng)何其相似)

71. A. bring about B. set out C. insist on D. make up

【答案】A。答案:承上啟下,順理成章,考察動(dòng)詞詞組,bring about帶來,引起。答案是A。

72. A. Subsequently B. Consequently C. Occasionally D. Hopefully

【答案】C。答案:關(guān)鍵詞:______, a diagnosis could not be reached,即沒有reach,沒有療效,即巫術(shù)有時(shí)候也不湊效(神明也有打盹的時(shí)候),與之匹配的選項(xiàng)C。偶爾會(huì)查不出病因,occasionally偶爾,間或符合題意。

73. A. With B. In C. For D. On

【答案】B。答案:此時(shí)怎么辦?考察固定搭配,in this case在這種情況下。

74. A. until B. when C. although D. because

【答案】A。答案:承上啟下,怎么辦?回家休息一段時(shí)間。根據(jù)句意,病人被要求休息一段時(shí)間直到進(jìn)行另外的檢查,因此選擇until。

75. A. decided B. performed C. carried D. discussed

【答案】B。答案:考察動(dòng)詞詞義,perform實(shí)施,執(zhí)行。

【全文翻譯】

我們對(duì)古埃及的醫(yī)術(shù)有著很深的認(rèn)識(shí)。我們發(fā)現(xiàn)了那些醫(yī)師的手冊(cè),它們告訴我們他們是怎樣治療病人和傷者的。盡管許多治療方法都包含著巫術(shù)在里面,但是古埃及人也用植物的葉子和其他方法來治療許多疾病。

宗教,巫術(shù)和醫(yī)學(xué)在古埃及是緊密相連的。一些牧師經(jīng)過特殊訓(xùn)練成為醫(yī)生來照顧生病的,受傷的人。醫(yī)生們是受很高的道德標(biāo)準(zhǔn)要求的。病人們受到尊敬,他們的個(gè)人信息都是高度保密的。那些等級(jí)最高的醫(yī)生是信奉控制疾病的女神Sekhmet的牧師。醫(yī)生們每年要花一些時(shí)間侍奉這個(gè)女神。人們認(rèn)為醫(yī)生們是離神明很近的,因此可以請(qǐng)求神明治愈疾病。

神廟是治療疾病的中心。當(dāng)一個(gè)人生病了,他可以去神廟,也可以邀請(qǐng)一位醫(yī)生來給他診斷。一些明顯的問題用醫(yī)藥,禱告和巫術(shù)來治療。如果沒有發(fā)現(xiàn)清楚的病因,診斷結(jié)果就是這是由惡魔或者詛咒引起的疾病。醫(yī)生會(huì)用巫術(shù)咒語來作為治療方法。偶爾也會(huì)得不出診斷結(jié)果,在這種情況下,醫(yī)生會(huì)要求病人休息一陣子,等到可以進(jìn)行下一次檢查為止。

Part V Translation (20%)

Section A

76. It was because he was in a very watery environment, safe fi.om the bacteria that need oxygen to live.

答案:翻譯好以下的結(jié)構(gòu)或詞語:safe from the bacteria that need oxygen to live. 這里包含一個(gè)定語從句,修飾先行詞the bacteria(細(xì)菌),所以定語從句一個(gè)放在先行詞的前面去;safe from“免于,沒有…的危險(xiǎn)”;

千萬千萬注意適當(dāng)?shù)脑鰷p詞語,使句子通順,符合中文的思維習(xí)慣。

參考譯文:這是因?yàn)樗幵谝粋€(gè)非常潮濕多水的環(huán)境中,免受了需要氧氣才能存活的細(xì)菌的侵?jǐn)_。

77. His hands and fingernails suggested that he hadn't done heavy manual work in his life—he could have been a rich man.

答案:需要注意的結(jié)構(gòu)或詞語是:suggested,這里應(yīng)該翻譯成為“暗示、表明”,而不是“建議”; he could have been a rich man. 是對(duì)過去事情的推測(cè)。

參考譯文:他的手和手指甲表明他在生活中沒有干過重體力活——他生前可能是一個(gè)富人。

78. After spending a few minutes on a crowded city street, the brain is less able to hold things in memory, and suffers from reduced self-control.

答案:需要注意的結(jié)構(gòu)或詞語是:hold things in memory:記憶事情; suffers from reduced self-control.(suffers from這個(gè)短語沒有必要翻譯出來),就翻譯為:自我控制能力下降(減弱);

參考譯文:在一條擁擠的城市街道上待上幾分鐘后,大腦記憶能力不如從前,自我控制能力也減弱了。

79. The good news is that even slight alterations, such as planting more trees in the inner city or creating urban parks with a greater variety of plants, can significantly reduce the negative side effects of city life.

答案:此句子比較長(zhǎng),務(wù)必首先把句子主句弄出來:The good news is that even slight alterations, can significantly reduce the negative side effects of city life。主句里面有一個(gè)表語從句,我們可以先把主句翻譯好:好消息是即使是細(xì)微的改變,都能顯著減少城市生活消極的影響。

其它次要內(nèi)容,按照中文思維習(xí)慣,放在具體的位置: such as planting more trees in the inner city or creating urban parks with a greater variety of plants:例如在市中心種更多的樹或者多建一些植物種類更豐富的市區(qū)公園。

然后把兩者合起來,參考譯文:好消息是即使是細(xì)微的改變,例如在市中心種更多的樹或者多建一些植物種類更豐富的市區(qū)公園,都能顯著減少城市生活消極的影響。

80. Previous studies have shown the longer the mom breastfeeds, the more benefit for her body.

答案:the longer the mom breastfeeds, the more benefit for her body。句子中的兩個(gè)比較級(jí)的翻譯。

參考譯文:先前的研究表明母親用母乳喂養(yǎng)的時(shí)間越長(zhǎng),她身體獲得的益處會(huì)越多。

SectionB 一網(wǎng)支招:千萬千萬注意①時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài),即語言環(huán)境和主動(dòng)語態(tài)和被動(dòng)語態(tài);②句子的主干;③注意詞語與詞形的轉(zhuǎn)換;④符合英語的思維習(xí)慣。

81.在房子前面的大樹下放著一張桌子。

答案:此題目翻譯的方法比較靈活:時(shí)態(tài)我們用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。

㈠有一張桌子在樹下房屋前面:There is a table under the big tree in front of the house。

㈡用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí):我們放了一張桌子在樹下房屋前面:We have put/ settled a table under the big tree in front of the house。

82.他二十七歲時(shí)開始學(xué)英語。

答案:此題目存在兩個(gè)動(dòng)詞:開始、學(xué)。我們用“開始”做謂語,“學(xué)”做非謂語,先“開始”后“學(xué)英語”,所以“學(xué)英語”用動(dòng)詞不定式:to learn English;時(shí)態(tài):用一般過去時(shí);“他二十七歲時(shí)”翻譯為一個(gè)狀語從句:when he was 27.

所以正確的翻譯是:He started to learn English when he was 27.

83.全球化也正在改變?nèi)藗兊纳罘绞健?/strong>

答案:一個(gè)詞語:全球化Globalization ;人們的生活方式,可以翻譯為一個(gè)定語從句:人們生活的方式( the way people live)也可以是:People's life style,當(dāng)然沒有前面的翻譯高級(jí);時(shí)態(tài):當(dāng)然用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí),“改變的動(dòng)作正在持續(xù)”(is changing)。

正確的翻譯是:Globalization is also changing the way people live。

84.這部電影我已經(jīng)看過好幾遍了。

答案:時(shí)態(tài)是:現(xiàn)在完成時(shí);幾次:several times;注意“幾次”前面加上介詞for。

正確的翻譯是:I have seen this film for several times。

85.這就是他五年前住過的房子。

答案:句子的主句是:作者就是房子;他住過的:修飾先行詞“房子”,所以這里需要翻譯為定語從句;時(shí)態(tài):主句(一般現(xiàn)在時(shí),因?yàn)榉孔蝇F(xiàn)在仍然還在。);從句(一般過去時(shí),住的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在五年以前);連詞的選擇:定語從句的謂語動(dòng)詞(lived),是一個(gè)不及物動(dòng)詞,不需要賓語,所以從句已經(jīng)完整,先行詞是地點(diǎn),選擇關(guān)系副詞:where 。

正確的翻譯是:This is the house where he lived five years ago。

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