2021年成人高考學位英語模擬題(1)

Part I Vocabulary and Structure(15%)

Directions: In this part there are 30 incomplete sentences. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the ONE answer that best completes the sentence. Then blacken the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.

1. The news quickly spread through the village _______ the war had ended.

A. which B. what C. that D. where

2. We hurried to the station _______ find ourselves three hours earlier for the train.

A. only to B. in order to C. so as to D. such as to

3. I meant ________ you, but I’m afraid I forgot.

A. ringing B. being ringing C. to ringing D. to ring

4. We live in a time ________, more than ever before in history, people are moving.

A. what B. when C. which D. where

5. Is there any possibility of getting the price _______ further?

A. reduced B. reduce C. reducing D. be reduced

6. _______ you feel too ill to go out, I would rather not stay at home tonight.

A. Because B Although C. Unless D. If

7. Because of many mistakes, she was made ________ these letters again.

A. type B. to typing C. typed D. to type

8. It is hot and dry; the flowers need ________.

A. being watered B. be watered C. to water D. to be watered

9. He began by showing us where the country was and went on ________ us about its climate.

A. telling B. to tell C. to telling D. to be told

10. Our failure ________ ourselves to modern life often causes us trouble in our work.

A. to adopt B. to apply C. to adapt D. to act

11. Once ________ of the necessity of a move, he worked hard to find a new home.

A. convinced B. be convinced C. convincing D. having convinced

12. So many representatives ________ , the conference had to be put off.

A. were absent B. to be absent C. being absent D. had been absent

13. In no case ________ the students from exploring new ideas.

A. we should prevent B. we could prevent

C. should we prevent D. shouldn’t prevent

14. I don’t think it advisable that Tom ________ to the job since he has no experience.

A. be assigned B. is assigned C. will be assigned D. has been assigned

15. With all this work on hand, she _________ to the dance party last night.

A. oughtn’t to go B. hadn’t gone

C. shouldn’t have gone D. mustn’t have gone

16. As Christmas was coming, the town began a ________ clearing on a large scale.

A. through B. thorough C. though D. thought

17. E-mail writing has become the usual means of communication ________ people some distance away.

A. for B. on C. to D. with

18. It is a good idea for parents to monitor the _______ as well as the kind of television that their children watch.

A. number B. size C. amount D. screen

19. I’m afraid that there isn’t ________ for you in my car.

A. place B. seat C. corner D. room

20. It suddenly ________ to me that we could use a computer to do the job.

A. happened B. occurred C. agreed D. presented

21. The old people often raise ________ for the sake of companionship.

A. pets B. pipes C. pills D. pies

22. The river here is very wide but ________, so you can walk across it.

A. narrow B. arrow C. shallow D. hollow

23. The streets were empty ________ the policemen on duty.

A. besides B. except C. excepting D. except for

24. Don’t leave matches or cigarettes on the table within the ________ of little children.

A. hand B. reach C. space D. distance

25. — “How did you pay the workers?”

— “As a rule, they were paid by ________.”

A. the hour B. an hour C. hour D. the time

26. ______ of the students in our class are from the north.

A. Two ninth B. Second ninth C. Second nines D. Two ninths

27. My father has classes ________ day: Mondays, Wednesdays and Fridays.

A. each other B. every other C. this and the other D. all other

28. This morning Jack came to school late ________.

A. than usual B. as usual C. like usual D. like usually

29. I’m putting on weight. The doctor has warned me to _________ sugar.

A. keep up B. keep back C. keep off D. keep away

30. We were ________ for half an hour in the traffic and so we arrived late.

A. kept up B. held up C. cut up D. brought up

Part II Reading Comprehension (40%)

Directions: There are four passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.

Passage 1

In order to learn a foreign language well, it is necessary to overcome the fear of making mistakes. If the primary goal of language use is communication, then mistakes are secondary considerations that may be dealt with gradually as awareness of those mistakes increases. On the other hand, students should not ignore their mistakes. The language learner may observe how native speakers express themselves, and how native expressions differ from the way the learner might say them. For example, a Spanish speaker who has been saying “I do it” to express willingness to do something in the immediate future, could, by communicating with native speakers of English, observe that native speakers actually say “I’ll do it”. This difference can serve as a basis for the student to change his way of using the present tense in English. But a student who is unwilling to communicate in the first place would lose this opportunity to learn by trial and error.

31. According to the passage, the present tense in English is ________.

A. not used to express a desire to do something in the immediate future

B. used with some verbs but not with others to express future intention

C. basically the same in English as it is in Spanish

D. not the most difficult problem for foreign students

32. According to the passage learners can reduce the number of their mistakes by ________.

A. asking native speakers for explanations

B. reading good books in the foreign language

C. comparing their speech with that of native speakers

D. speaking without regard to native speakers

33. According to the passage, foreign language students who do not communicate with native speakers will NOT ________.

A. learn very much about the foreign society

B. learn about the history of the foreign language

C. have to worry about making mistakes

D. take advantage of available language

34. According to the passage, foreign language students should not worry too much about making mistakes because ________.

A. native speakers like foreign students who try to learn their language

B. communication is the primary goal of language learning

C. native speakers will ignore their mistakes

D. everyone makes mistakes when trying to communicate in a strange language

35. The author’s major conclusion about the function of mistakes in foreign language learning is

that ________.

A. mistakes are not important in the process of learning a language

B. learners are often very afraid of making mistakes

C. making mistakes can help the learner discover the rules of the language

D. native speakers often do not tell foreign language learners about their mistakes

Passage 2

The Chinese have used a method called acupuncture(針灸) to perform operations for about 4, 000 years without putting the patient to sleep. This involves placing flexible needles into certain parts of the body. The needles are available in a number of stores in China and anyone may buy them.

To learn how to use the needles takes about one month of training. But to be skillful requires greater time. The person who performs the acupuncture knows how to put in the needles so the needles themselves are not painful. This person also knows where to place the needles so the patient feels no pain in the area where the operation is to be performed. A particular operation might require 25 or more needles placed in various parts of the body. But now this operation requires only 3 or 4 needles.

Today, the Chinese doctors are trying to learn more about acupuncture. They are trying to develop a convincing theory to explain how the needles work in preventing pain, or why a needle in the wrist, for example, would prevent the pain in the area of the mouth.

A patient who needs an operation is given a choice between having acupuncture or having one of the chemicals used for putting him to sleep. It has been estimated that over half of the patients choose acupuncture because there is no sickness after the operation because the chemical may make the patient sick for a few hours or a day.

36. Acupuncture is ________.

A. a medical operation B. a medical needle

C. a medical technique D. a medical machine

37. Which statement is NOT true of the performer of acupuncture?

A. He knows where to place the needles without pain.

B. He knows where the operation is to be performed.

C. He knows how to perform the operation to cure the patient.

D. He knows how to use the needles in an operation.

38. To learn how to use the needles, it takes a person ________.

A. several months B. a couple of weeks

C. a life time D. almost one month

39. It can be learned from the passage that ________.

A. the person performing the acupuncture knows a lot about the making of needles

B. an operation now needs fewer needles than in the past

C. acupuncture has existed in China for as long as 2,000 years

D. few patients prefer acupuncture to chemicals

40. Which is implied but not stated in the passage?

A. The Chinese mainly use acupuncture to cure strange disease.

B. The Chinese are learning to be more skillful and efficient in acupuncture.

C. The Chinese have spread acupuncture all over the world.

D. Most Chinese patients prefer acupuncture to chemicals in curing disease.

Passage 3

Is teaching important? Well, of course it is. There was a time when the necessary knowledge could be taught to the young by family members. But as societies became more complex and division of labor more common, it was impossible for family members to teach the information and skills young people needed to become useful members of the society. As the need for specialists appeared, the job of teaching came into being in our county, and teaching as a job has been of increasing importance over the past hundred years. Today, we have strict rules for teachers. We hope all children can attend schools. Many things tell us that teaching is indeed an “important” job.

In recent years, there has been an increasing need for teachers to be “responsible”. This means that the public expects teachers to succeed in teaching important information to the young. Teachers’ salaries today, while not much, certainly are much higher than they were in years past. These increases have come about because people have realized that without enough salaries, people who have abilities will not become teachers. Today almost no one says that “anybody will do” for a teacher. The public expects “quality people” to teach the young, and progress is being made to give salaries that will make people who have abilities become teachers.

41. Before the job of teaching came into being, ________.

A. family members had been responsible for the education of the young

B. specialists had been in charge of teaching young people

C. young people had had to be self-educated

D. the society had played an important role in educating young people

42. The job of teaching came into being mainly because of ________.

A. the development of the society B. the explosion of information

C. the need for specialists D. the civilization of human beings

43. Teachers’ salaries are raised today in order to ________.

A. show the importance of teaching as a job

B. attract more qualified people to become teachers

C. make teachers “responsible” in their teaching

D. improve the quality of public teaching

44. “Anybody will do for a teacher” (Para. 2) means that ________.

A. almost all people want to become a teacher

B. a teacher is so highly respected that people all want to help him

C. a teacher will do whatever he can for his students

D. the job of teaching is so easy that everybody can do it

45. We know from the passage that ________.

A. it is important to be successful in teaching the young

B. enough salaries are necessary in making quality people become teachers

C. greater progress has to be made in teaching

D. teaching is a product of the society’s division of labor

解析

Part I Vocabulary and Structure

1. C【句意】戰(zhàn)爭結束的消息很快傳遍了村莊。

【解析】 在idea，fact，news，belief，suggestion等詞后用that 引起的從句作同位語，說明該名詞的具體內(nèi)容;同位語可以不緊跟在它說明的名詞后面，而被別的詞隔開。

2. A【句意】我們匆忙趕到火車站時卻發(fā)現(xiàn)早到了三個小時。

【解析】動詞不定式在句中可用來作目的、結果狀語。only to do(不料卻)表示“結果”;in order to和so as to意思均為“以便，為了”，表達“目的”;such as to “到如此的程度以致”，例如：Her kindness was such as to make us all love her. 根據(jù)題意，應選A.

3. D【句意】本來我要給你打電話的，遺憾的是我忘記了。

【解析】動詞mean 后，可用動名詞作賓語，也可用不定式作賓語，但意義差別很大，mean doing 是“意味著”而mean to do是“意欲，打算做”的意思。接動詞不定式和動名詞有區(qū)別的動詞還有remember，forget，stop，go on 和regret等，總的來說，與這類動詞連用時，動名詞指發(fā)生于這些動詞之前的事，不定式表示發(fā)生在它們之后的事。

4. B【句意】在我們所生活的這個時代，人們的流動性比歷史上任何一個時期都大。

【解析】先行詞a time，在定語從句中作時間狀語，故選擇表示時間的關系副詞when.

5. A【句意】 價格有可能再降低嗎?

【解析】to get something done 結構常用來表示使某事得以做成，所以選擇A.

6. C【句意】 要不是你身體不適無法外出，今晚我真不愿意呆在家里。

【解析】unless經(jīng)常用來代替if not，表達“如果A不受阻于B， A將發(fā)生”。其它選項使句子語義不符合邏輯。因此正確答案為C.

7. D【句意】因為錯誤百出，要求她把這些信重新打出來。

【解析】 在make，let，have，see，hear，feel，watch，notice等動詞后面的作賓語補足語的不定式，要省略to.但句子變成被動結構時就必須帶to.

8. D【句意】天又熱又干，花需要澆水了。

【解析】在demand，deserve，need，require，want等動詞后面，動名詞的主動形式表示被動的意思，若改接動詞不定式，則必須用動詞不定式的被動形式。The flowers need watering. = The flowers needs to be watered.

9. B【句意】他開始講解了這個國家的位置，接著又告訴了我們這個國家的氣候情況。

【解析】go on doing sth. 表示“繼續(xù)做一直在做的事”，而go on to do表示“改做另一件事”，講解國家的位置和告訴國家的氣候情況是兩件不同的事，所以應該使用動詞不定式。

10. C【句意】對現(xiàn)代生活的不適應經(jīng)常會給我們的工作帶來困擾。

【解析】adopt“收養(yǎng);采用”;apply“申請;應用”;adapt“適應”;act “表演;做”。

11. A【句意】一旦認為有搬家的必要，他就竭力去找一所新房子。

【解析】 convince 的固定用法是convince sb. of sth.，“使某人相信”，本句中he與convince 是動賓關系，應該用被動語態(tài)。當從句中的主語與句子的主語一致時，可同時省去從句中的主語和系動詞。因此正確答案是A.

12. C【句意】因為許多代表缺席，所以會議被推遲了。

【解析】 獨立主格。由句子結構可以看出，空缺處應填入非謂語動詞，所以排除選項A和D.現(xiàn)在分詞短語可用作狀語表示原因，相當于一個表示原因的狀語從句：So many representatives being absent = Because so many representatives were absent.B選項to be absent 無此用法。

13. C【句意】 絕不要阻止學生對新思想的探究。

【解析】 句首有否定詞或否定短語時，句子要部分倒裝。常見的否定詞有never，hardly，scarcely，little，seldom，not，not until，rarely，no sooner… than， nowhere等;常見的否定短語有in no case，in no way，by no means，in no sense，under no circumstances等。

14. A【句意】 既然湯姆沒有工作經(jīng)驗，我認為安排他做這項工作是不合適的。

【解析】在有advisable，important，necessary，strange，vital等形容詞的句子的名詞性從句中謂語動詞使用虛擬形式：(should)+動詞原形，這類形容詞一般表示個人對事件的反應。

15. C【句意】因為手頭有這些活兒，她昨晚不應該去參加舞會。

【解析】從句意看，她已經(jīng)參加了晚會。should not have done表示做了本不應該做的事，有埋怨的意思。所以最佳答案是C.

16. B【句意】圣誕節(jié)來臨的時候，這個小鎮(zhèn)開始了大規(guī)模的大掃除。

【解析】 through “通過”;thorough “徹底的;全面的”;though “盡管”;thought “思想;想法”。

17. D【句意】使用E-mail寫信已經(jīng)成為人們與遠方的人進行交流的尋常方式。

【解析】communication with 是固定搭配，表達“與…進行交流”的意思。

18. C【句意】讓家長監(jiān)督孩子們所看電視節(jié)目的數(shù)量和種類是個不錯的想法。

【解析】 number“數(shù)字”，后跟可數(shù)名詞。而amount“數(shù)量”，后跟不可數(shù)名詞。

19. D【句意】恐怕我的車內(nèi)沒有你的地方了。

【解析】選項A， B， C都是可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)，但沒有不定冠詞，所以都被排除;D選項room在表示“空間”含義時是不可數(shù)名詞，所以為最佳答案。

20. B【句意】我突然想到可以使用計算機來做這項工作。

【解析】 It occurs to sb. that是常用句型，“某人突然想起”的意思。

21. A【句意】因為想有個做伴的，所以老年人經(jīng)常會養(yǎng)寵物。

【解析】 pets“寵物”;pipe“管狀物”;pill“藥片”;pie“餡餅”。

22. C【句意】這的河非常寬但是很淺，所以你可以趟過去。

【解析】 narrow“狹窄”;arrow“箭”;shallow“淺的”;hollow“空的”。

23. D【句意】要不是有警察在值勤，大街上是空無一人。

【解析】except for和except意思均為“除了…之外”，兩者的區(qū)別在于：(1)except for可用于句首，而except不行;(2)except后可跟介詞短語或從句，except for 不行;如：He was seen walking with a stick every day except when he was ill in bed.(3)前后有表示同一類事物的名詞就用except， 否則就用except for，如：The essays are well written except for a few mistakes in grammar. besides表示“除了……還有;excepting是介詞，表示”除了一個之外……“，如：Jack answered all the questions excepting the last one.

24. B【句意】別把火柴和香煙放在小孩子能夠到的桌子上。

【解析】 within (the) reach 是“伸手可及”的意思，反義詞組是out of / beyond (the) reach.

25. A【句意】你是怎么給工人付錢的?通常是按小時付費的。

【解析】 pay / charge by the hour 是“按小時付費/收費”的意思，不要省略定冠詞the.

26. D【句意】我們班有九分之二的學生來自北方。

【解析】 分數(shù)詞是由基數(shù)詞和序數(shù)詞合成的，分子用基數(shù)詞來表示，分母用序數(shù)詞來表示，除了分子是“1”的情況外，序數(shù)詞都要用復數(shù)。

27. B【句意】我父親每隔一天有課：星期一、星期三和星期五。

【解析】 each other “彼此”;every other “每隔”;this，that and the others 又作 this and that “形形色色的東西;各種不同的話題”;all other“所有其他”。

28. B【句意】今天早上，杰克像往常一樣上學遲到了。

【解析】 句中的關鍵詞late是原級，沒有比較的含義，所以應該選擇表達“像往常一樣，照例”的as usual.如果題目中的late改為比較級later，就要使用表達比較含義的than usual，

29. C【句意】我發(fā)胖了。醫(yī)生告誡我不要再吃糖了。

【解析】keep up “繼續(xù);跟上;使不下降”;keep back “隱瞞;扣除”;keep off “防止;避開;使…免受影響”;keep away from“(使)遠離”。

30. B【句意】我們在路上堵了半個小時，所以來晚了。

【解析】keep up “ 維持;繼續(xù)”;hold up “支撐;耽擱;搶劫;保持強壯”;cut up “切碎;(上課時學生)惡作劇;胡鬧”;bring up “提出(議題);養(yǎng)育”。

Part III Reading Comprehension

31. A【解析】推理判斷題。在原文第七行中作者說在西班牙語中用一般現(xiàn)在時表示將來，而英語當中就要用將來時。因此答案選A.

32. C【解析】事實細節(jié)題。第四句直接可找到答案。也可以用排除法，A.B.D三個選項的內(nèi)容都與文章無關。

33. D【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)原文中最后一句話“不愿意交流的學習者會失去通過嘗試從錯誤中學習的機會”。因此D正確。

34. B【解析】事實細節(jié)題。根據(jù)原文中第二句話“如果語言的首要目的是交際，那么犯錯誤就是次要的考慮了，可以在對這些錯誤的認識增強以后再處理”。因此答案選B.

35. C【解析】主旨大意題。通觀全文，我們可以看出作者的意圖是說交流既然是學習語言的首要目的，語言學習者在使用語言的過程中就不要懼怕犯錯誤。正是這些語言錯誤使得學習者能夠不斷提高。因此答案選C.

36. C【解析】事實細節(jié)題。根據(jù)文章第一段第一句可以斷定針灸是用來阻止手術過程中病人疼痛的技術。因此答案選C.

37. C【解析】事實細節(jié)題。根據(jù)第二段的第三、四句“針灸的醫(yī)生知道如何施針、把針施在什么位置上病人才不會感覺疼”。因此A.B.D都符合文章的內(nèi)容。但是并沒有提到他知道如何進行手術來治好病人。只有C項是錯誤的。

38. D【解析】事實細節(jié)題。由文章第二段第一句“學會針灸要花費一個月的時間進行培訓”可知答案應選D.

39. B【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段的最后兩句話可以知道“過去的手術全身需要二十五支或更多的針，但現(xiàn)在這樣的手術只需要三、四根針”。因此答案選B.

40. B【解析】推理判斷題。第二段中談到了現(xiàn)在的針灸用的針比過去減少了;第三段又說醫(yī)生正在學習更多的針灸知識，他們也在試圖總結一些可信的理論，最后一段又談到，據(jù)估計一半多的病人愿意選擇針灸治療。因此可以推斷：中國人的針灸技術越來越精湛，越來越有效。所以答案選B.

41. A【解析】事實細節(jié)題。根據(jù)第一段中第三句“在有教師的工作之前，家庭成員負責孩子們的教育”，所以A是正確答案。

42. C【解析】事實細節(jié)題。根據(jù)文章第一段“隨著社會的發(fā)展，社會分工的普遍，家庭成員已經(jīng)無法滿足孩子們對知識、技術的需求，特別需要專業(yè)人員，教師這個職業(yè)就應運而生了”。所以教師職業(yè)出現(xiàn)的主要原因是對專業(yè)人員的需求。

43. B 【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段第三句可以知道“給教師加薪是為了吸引有能力的人當老師”，文章的最后一句基本也是一樣的意思，所以選B.

44. D【解析】語義判斷題。Anybody will do for a teacher 的意思是“教師工作太容易了，什么人都能做”。故選D.

45. B 【解析】推理判斷題。文章在第一段的末尾談到教師是非常重要的工作，第二段又談到公眾需要responsible“負責任的”、 have abilities“有能力”的教師來教育下一代。同時人們認識到提高教師工資待遇才能吸引高素質(zhì)的人成為教師。因此我們可以得出結論：優(yōu)厚的工資是吸引高素質(zhì)人才成為教師的必要手段。只有B是正確答案，A.C.D均不符合文章的內(nèi)容。

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