摘要:2021成人大專英語考試題型中有專門考“語音”的部分,總共是5題,共7.5分。注意平時多讀多背,把常見的元音,輔音的發(fā)音規(guī)則掌握了就沒什么問題。
2021成人大專英語語音部分學習目標應是了解英語26個字母,熟悉英語音素及其發(fā)音,掌握常用的元音字母組合以及輔音字母組合的讀音規(guī)則。
考點1:語音
26個英語字母:
元音字母(A、E、I、O、U),其余21個為輔音字母。
1、元音字母在重讀開音節(jié)、閉音節(jié)和r音節(jié)中的讀音規(guī)則
(1)元音字母在重讀開音節(jié)中一般讀字母的名稱音
a /ei/ e /i/ i(y) /ai/ o /?u/ u /ju:/
1)開音節(jié): ① 輔+元 he me we
② 元+輔+e name take hate
字母a讀作/ei/ blame/bleim/
字母e讀作/i:/ be/bi:/
字母i(y)讀作/ai/ five/faiv/
字母o讀作/ ?u/ close/kl?uz/
字母u讀作/ju:/ huge/hju:d?/
2)閉音節(jié):輔+元+輔 hot cut leg
(2)元音字母在閉音節(jié)中讀所規(guī)定的短元音
a/ae/ e/e/ i(y)/i/ o/?/ u/?/或/u/
(3)元音字母在非重讀音節(jié)中的讀音
1)a 讀作/?/
again /??gen/ ago/??g??/ vacation/v??kei?n/
woman/?w?m?n/ breakfast/?brekf?s/
a+輔音字母+無聲字母e,讀/i/
village/?v?l?d? / palace/?p?lis/
2)e 讀作 /?/ 或 /i/
excellent /?eks?l?nt/ silent/?sa?l?nt/ open/???p?n/
exam/ig?z?m/ sentence/?sent?ns/ problem/?pr?bl?m/
decide/di?said/
e在前綴和后綴中讀/i/
behind/bi?haind/wanted/?w?ntid/actress/??ktris/
exam/ig?z?m/decide/di?said/repeat/ri??pi:t/
3) i(y)讀作/i/或/ai/
lily /?lili/city/?siti/satisfy/?s?tisfai/
4)o讀作/?/ 或/?/
bottom/?b?t?m/common/?k?m?n/second/?sek?nd/
o 在詞尾的非重讀音節(jié)中常讀/?u/
radio/?reidi??/potato /p??teit??/piano/pi??n??/
5)u讀作/?/ ,/ju/
autumn /??:t?m/support/s??p?:t/occupy/??kjupai/
(4)其他常見字母組合在非重讀音節(jié)中的讀音
-tion ,-sion,-ssion 讀作/?n/ 或/??n/
production/pr??d?k?n/section/?sek?n/nation/?nei?n/
version/?v?:?n/ impression/im?pre?n/
(5)常見元音字母組合的讀音
ar 讀作 /ɑ?/ 如:car/kɑ?/ hard/hɑ?d/ park/pɑ?k/
or 讀作/?:/ 如:horse/h?:s/ sport/sp?:t/ north/n?:θ/
er,ir,ur均讀作/ ?:/ 如:term/t?:m/ shirt/??:t/ burn/b?:n/
ee 讀作/i:/ 如:feel/fi:l/ sleep/sli:p/ see/si:/
ea 讀作/i:/ 如:meat/mi:t/ peace/pi:s/ clean/kli:n/
ei ,ie 讀作/i:/ 如:field/fi:ld/ deceive/d??si:v/ piece/pi:s/
ear 讀作/i?/ 或 /??/
(/i?/ tear /ti?/ hear/hi?(r)/ year/ji?(r)/)
( /??/ wear/we?(r)/ bear/be?(r)/ pear/pe?(r)/)
ear后有輔音時讀作:/ ?:/ (learn/l?:n/ early/??:li]/)
ew, eu 讀作:/ju:/ new/nju:/ few/fju:/ feudal/?fju:dl/ neutral/?nju:tr?l/
au , augh, aw 讀作/?:/ cause/k?:z/ daughter/?d?:t?(r)/ saw/s?:/
ig, igh 讀作 /ai/ bright/brait/ high/hai/ sign/sain/
ai , ay 讀作 /ei/ play/plei/ way/wei/ main/mein/
ind 讀作/aind/ mind/maind/ kind/kaind/ find/faind/
ou 讀作/au/ 或 /?/ house/ha?s/ about/??ba?t/ sound/sa?nd/
al 讀作/?:/ 或 /?:l/ talk/t?:k/ walk/w?:k/ ball/b?:l/
oi, oy 讀作/?i/ voice/v?is/ point/p?int/ joy/d??i/
ia , ie, io 讀作/ai?/ dialogue/'dai?l?ɡ/ quiet/?kwai?t/ violence/?vai?l?ns/
oo 讀作/u:/ ,有時也讀作/u/ food/fu:d/ school/sku:l/ good/g?d/
oo 后面為K時,讀作/u/ book/b?k/ look/l?k/
oor, oar 讀作 /?:/ board/b?:d/ floor/fl?:(r)/ door/d?:(r)/
oa 讀作 /?u/ road/r??d/ coat/k??t/ load/l??d/
ow 讀作 /au/ 或 /?u/ know/n??/ grow/gr??/ now/na?/
our 讀作 /?:/ 或 /au?/ pour/p?:(r)/ course/k?:s/ our/a?? /
ough 讀作 /?:/ bought/b?:t/ thought/θ?:t/
owe 讀作/au?/ flower/?fla??(r)/ power/?pa??(r)/ tower/?ta??(r)/
2、字母在單詞中不發(fā)音的規(guī)則,一般有下列14條:
(1)字母b在字母t之前;
如:debt [det](欠債)
(2)字母b在字母m之后;
如:comb [k??m](梳子)
(3)字母c在字母s之后;
如:muscle [?m?sl](肌肉)
(4)字母d在詞尾-dge中;
如:bridge [br?d?](橋)
(5)字母g在字母n之前;
如:sign [sain](標記)
(6)字母gh在t之前;
如:fight [fait](打)
(7)字母h在r之后;
如:rhythem ['riem](節(jié)奏)
(8)字母h在詞首ex-之后;
如:exhibition [eksi'bi∫n](展覽會)
(9)字母h在詞首gh中;
如:ghost [g??st](鬼)
(10)字母k在字母n之前;
如:knee [ni:](膝)
(11)字母l在-alf,-alk,-alm,-ould中;
如:talk [t?:k] (談話)
half [ha:f] (一半)
calm [ka:m] (平靜)
could [kud] (能)
(12)字母n在詞尾-mn中;
如:autumn [??:t?m](秋天)
(13)字母t在詞尾-sten,-stlet和-ften中;
如:listen [' lisn](聽)
castle ['ka:sl](城堡)
soften [?s?fn](軟化)
(14)字母w在字母r之前;
如:wrong [r??](錯)