英語六級閱讀長難句解析(4)

【譯文】人落水時，救生衣能否在正確的位置支撐起落水者十分重要，同樣重要的是，即使是在人沒有力氣或是在陷入昏迷的情況下，救生衣也能使面朝下的落水者在水中站起來，或是身體稍微向后仰，使臉離開水面。

【析句】整句話的主干是The position is most important,as is its tendency to...即由主句和as引導的非限制性定語從句組成。具體看來，主句the position后是介詞+which引導的定語從句，position在定語從句中作in的賓語，因此把in提前到which前。in which定語從句中又有who引導的定語從句修飾a person。as引導的非限制性定語從句中，to turn the wearer from...to...是不定式短語作定語修飾its tendency，with his face clear of the water作伴隨狀語，最后是when引導的時間狀語從句。

2. A suitable life preserver should also be comfortable to wear at all times, in and out of the water, not so heavy as to encourage to take it off on shipboard while the ship is in danger, nor so burdensome that it hinders a person in the water while trying to swim. (1991. 閱讀. Text 1)

【譯文】合身的救生衣任何時候，無論在不在水中，都應(yīng)該讓穿著者感到舒服，既不會十分笨重，讓人在船只遇險時不得不脫下救生衣求生，也不應(yīng)限制落水者游泳自救的靈活性。

【析句】復合句。主句A suitable life perserver should be comfortable to wear at all times, in and out of the water作地點狀語，not so heavy as to encourage...，nor so burdensome是形容詞作伴隨，包含句型not...，nor...;while the ship is in danger作時間狀語從句，而nor后包含短語so...that...。

3. This assumption rests on the fallacy of the inherent laziness in human nature; actually, aside from abnormally lazy people, there would be very few who would not want to earn more than the minimum, and who would prefer to do nothing rather than work. (1991. 閱讀. Text 2)

【譯文】這種假設(shè)是基于這樣一種謬論：人的天性中就存在遺傳惰性。而事實上，除了特別懶惰的人以外，幾乎沒有人愿意掙只相當于最低生活維持費的錢，也沒有人愿意飽食終日，無所用心。

【析句】句子主干是This assumption rests on……;aside from……，there would be very few who would……，and who would……。分號連接兩個并列分句。在第二個分句中，介問短語aside from abnormally(特別地)lazy people作狀語，主句是一個there be存在句，包含兩個并列的由關(guān)系代詞who引導的定語從句，修飾few.Rest on在此意為“依據(jù)”。aside from相當于“except”，譯為“除了”。

1. It is not so bad being ignorant if you are totally ignorant; the hard thing is knowing in some detail the reality of ignorance, the worst spots and here and there the not-so-bad spots, but no true light at the end of the tunnel nor even any tunnels that can yet be trusted. (1991. 閱讀. 12月. Text 3)

【譯文】如果你徹底無知的話，那么無知也就不是那么糟糕。困難的是人們詳細了解無知的實際情況——最差的方面以及各處并不太差的方面，但并不了解這種困難根本沒有結(jié)束的跡象，甚至還沒有可以信賴的任何解決問題的途徑。

【析句】句子的主干是it is not so bad being ignorant if...;the hard thing is knowing the reality…but no true light……nor even any tunnels……分號連接兩個并列分句。前面的分句句首it為形式主語，真正的主語為being ignorant;if引導條件狀語從句。后一分句的is knowing…和no true light…nor even any tunnels由but連接做系表謂語;句尾that引導的定語從句修飾tunnels.

2. The theoretical separation of living, working, traffic and recreation which for many years has been used in town-and-country planning, has in my opinion resulted in disproportionate attention for forms of recreation far from home, whereas there was relatively little attention for improvement of recreative possibilities in the direct neighbourhood of the home. (1991. 閱讀. 12月. Text 4)

【譯文】多年來，生活、工作、交通、娛樂分離的理論，一直被用于城市鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)規(guī)劃中，在我看來，這會造成人們過度關(guān)注遠離居民區(qū)的娛樂方式，，然而卻很少有人關(guān)注家附近消遣方式的改善。

【析句】復合句。主句是The theoretical seperation of... resulted in disproportionate attention,其中，recreation后有which引導的定語從句which has been used in town-and-country planning。逗號后，whereas為從屬連詞，引導表示對比或與主句意思相反的狀語從句，比較正式。

3. The very best standard of living is nothing if it is not possible to take a pleasant walk in the district, if the children cannot be allowed to play in the streets, because the risks of traffic are too great, if during shopping you can nowhere find a spot for enjoying for a moment the nice weather, in short, if you only feel yourself at home after the street-door of your house is closed after you. (1991. 閱讀. 12月. Text 4)

【譯文】如果你不能在街區(qū)里悠閑地散步，如果孩子們因為巨大的交通危險性而不能在街道上玩耍，如果在購物時找不到一處可以欣賞一會美景的地點，如果只是在臨街門關(guān)上之后才覺得自己身在家中，那么再好的生活條件都毫無價值。

【析句】漢語中的排比句能夠增強文中的感情色彩，加強語氣，英語中也同樣如此。主句The very best standard of living is nothing, 后面是四個并列的if條件狀語從句，具體來說，第四個是前三個的總結(jié)。其中，第二個條件狀語從句中，又包含because引導的原因狀語從句。