?自考英語(yǔ)(二)模擬試卷3

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一、1.Vocabulary and Structrue

0.Robots differ from automatic machines______after completion of one specific task, they can be reprogrammed by a computer to do another one.

A.that
B.which
C.in that
D.in which

1.The reason for making a decision is that a problem exists, or something is standing______the way of accomplishing them.

A.in
B.on
C.by
D.at

2.People and animals are different______their reactions to drugs and in the way______their bodies work.

A.in…which
B.in…that
C.by…which
D.from…that

3.We will come here on time at your______.

A.request
B.demand
C.plead
D.command

4.Her powers of persuasion were______no avail.

A.to
B.in
C.off
D.on

5.Chinese and Russian scientists have reposed that in places______stress is building up, the radon levels of the water build up too.

A.what
B.that
C.which
D.where

6.______the contrary, the rapid growth in enrollment over the last 40 years has come to an end.

A.To
B.By
C.In
D.On

7.Professor David Morton of the department is involved______animal research and is concerned______reducing animal suffering as much as possible.

A.to…with
B.in…in
C.with…in
D.in…with

8.Parents, teachers in schools, work associates and communicators in or using the mass media are all capable of______our potential interests.

A.arousing
B.arising
C.rising
D.raising

9.Black and white must be______from each other, must be unable to communicate.

A.cut down
B.cut out
C.cut off
D.cut up

二、2.Reading Comperhension

1.Many teachers believe that the responsibility（責(zé)任）for learning lies with the students. If a long reading assignment（布置的作業(yè)）is given, teachers expect students to be familiar with the information in the reading even if they do not discuss it in class or give an examination. (Courses are not designed merely for students to pass exams). The ideal（完美的）student is considered to be one who is motivated（目的明確的）to learn for the sake（原故）of learning, not the one interested only in getting high grades（分?jǐn)?shù)）. Grade-conscious（清醒的）students may be frustrated（受挫）with teachers who do not believe it is necessary to grade（分等級(jí)）every assignment. Sometimes homework is returned with brief (short) written comments but without a grade. Even if a grade is not given, the student is responsible for learning the material assigned.  When research is assigned, the professor in the United States expects the students to take the initiative （積極性）and complete the assignment with less guidance. It is the student's responsibility to find books,magazines, and articles in the library. Professors do not have the time to explain how a univesity library works,they expect students, particularly graduate students, to be able to use all the reference sources（資料）in the library.  Professors will help students who need it, but prefer that their students not be over dependent on them.In the United States, professors have other duties be sides teaching. Often they are responsible for management within their department. In addition（此外）, they may be required to publish articles and books. Therefore the time that a professor can spend with a student outside of class is limited. If a student has problems with classroom work, the student should either approach（接近）a professor during office hours or make an appointment（約會(huì)）. “Courses are not designed merely for students to pass exams. ”This means teachers______.

A.want students to fail exams
B.care only about exam grades
C.believe that passing exams is not the only purpose of a course
D.design courses for lectures only

2.Professors in the United States usually expect the students______.

A.to know all the answers
B.never to seek their advice
C.to take the initiative and be independent
D.to work together

3.The main idea of this passage is that students should______.

A.learn independently
B.learn under close guidance of their professors
C.learn cooperatively
D.not learn mainly for high grades

4.If a student has a problem with classroom work，he or she should______.

A.make an appointment with the professor a week before
B.approach a professor after class
C.seek the professor's help in his office
D.go to the professor's apartment

5.What is considered to be a good student? He is the one who______.

A.aims at getting good scores
B.is planning to get a degree
C.is capable of memorizing knowledge
D.has the motivation to learn

7.Adaptation of Living ThingsCertain animals and plants develop characteristics that help them cope with their environment better than others of their kind. This natural biological process is called adaptation. Among the superior characteristics developed through adaptation are those that may help in getting foodorshelter， in providing protection， and in producing and protecting the young. That results in the evolution of more and more organisms that are better fitted to their environments.Each living thing is adapted to its way of life in a general way， but each is adapted especially to its own distinct class. A plant， for example， depends upon its roots to fix itself firmly and to absorb water and inorganic chemicals. It depends upon its green leaves for using the sun‘s energy to make food from inorganic chemicals. These are general adaptations， common to most plants. In addition， there are special adaptations that only certain kinds of plants have.Many animals have adaptations that help them escape from their enemies. Some insects are hidden by their body colororshape， and many look like a leafora little branch. The coats of deer are colored to mix with the surroundings. Many animals have the ability to remain completely still when an enemy is near.Organisms have a great variety of ways of adapting. They may adapt in their structure， function， and genetics; in their development and production of the young; and in other respects. An organism may create its own environment， as do warm－blooded mammals， which have the ability to adjust body heat exactly to maintain their ideal temperature despite changing weather. Usually adaptations are an advantage， but sometimes an organism is so well adapted to a particular environment that if conditions change， it finds it difficultorimpossible to readapt to the new conditions.Some plants and animals develop superior characteristics so that they may______.

A.help others of their kind get food，shelter and other things needed
B.get into the biological process of adaptation
C.become better adapted to the environments than others of their kind
D.lead to the evolution and production of more and more organisms

8.Some animals have colored and spotted coats so that they may______.

A.appear frightening to the enemies
B.look like leaves or branches
C.keep motionless when an enemy is coming
D.mix with the surroundings for safety

9.AU of the following adaptations of living things are mentioned in the passage except that in their______.

A.structure
B.ways to develop the survival skills of the young
C.production of the young
D.working system of the body

10.Which of the following statements about the warm-blooded mammals is true according to the text?

A.They can change their environments.
B.They can adjust body heat to keep their ideal temperature.
C.They can make food from chemicals.
D.They get most of their heat from the environment.

11.The passage is mainly a discussion of______.

A.the adaptations of organisms to their environments
B.the reasons why organisms have their particular shapes and colors
C.the special way of life of each living thing
D.the hows and whys of the structures of organisms

13.In the late 1960’s，many people in North America turned their attention to environmental problems，and new steel and glass，skyscrapers were widely criticized.Ecologists pointed out that a forest of tall buildings in a city often overburdens public transportation and parking lots.  Skyscrapers are also consumers and wasters of electric power.In one recent year，the addition of 17 million square feet of skyscraper office space in New York City raised the peak daily demand for electricity by 120,000 kilowatts—enough to supply the entire city of Albany，New York，for a day.  Glass-walled skyscrapers can be especially wasteful.The heat loss(or gain)through a wall of half inch plate glass is more than ten times that through a typical brick wall filled with insulation(絕緣)board.To lessen the strain on heating and air conditioning equipment，builders of skyscrapers have begun to use double glared panels of glass，and reflective glasses coated with silver or gold mirror films that reduce glare as well as heat gain.However，mirror-walled skyscrapers raise the temperature of the surrounding air and affect neighboring buildings.  Skyscrapers put a strain on a city’s sanitation facilities(衛(wèi)生設(shè)備)，too.If fully occupied，the two World Trade Center towers in New York City would alone produce 2.25 million gallons of wastes each year—as much a city the size of Stanford，Connecticut，which has a population of more than 109,000.  Skyscrapers also affect television reception，block bird flyways and air traffic.In Boston in the late 1960’s，some people even feared that shadows from skyscrapers would kill the grass on Boston Common.  Still，people continue to build skyscrapers for all the reasons that they have always built them—personal pride and the desire of owners to have the largest possible amount of space to rent.The main purpose of the passage is to______.

A.compare skyscrapers with other modem structures
B.describe skyscrapers and their effect on the environment
C.advocate the use of masonry(化妝舞會(huì))in the construction of skyscrapers
D.illustrate some architectural designs of skyscrapers

14.According to the passage，what is one disadvantage of skyscrapers that have mirrored walls?

A.The exterior surrounding air is heated。
B.The windows must be cleaned daily.
C.Construction time is increased.
D.Extra air-conditioning equipment is needed.

15.According to the passage，in the late 1960's some residents of Boston were concerned with which aspect of skyscrapers?

A.The noise from their construction.
B.The removal of trees from building sites.
C.The harmful effects on the city's grass.
D.The high cost of rentable office space.

16.The author raises issues that would most concern which of the following groups?

A.Electricians.
B.Environmentalists.
C.Aviators.
D.Teachers.

17.Where in the passage does the author compare the energy consumption of skyscrapers with that of a city?

A.Lines 5-8.
B.Lines 14-15.
C.Lines 20-22.
D.Lines 23-25.

三、3.Word Spelling

0. 微型的 a. m_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _

1. 分開(kāi) n. s_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _

2. 使活動(dòng) vt. a_ _ _ _ _ _ _

3. 商人 n. m_ _ _ _ _ _ _

4. 令人心碎的 a. h_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _

5. 執(zhí)照 n. d_ _ _ _ _ _

6. 路線(xiàn) n. r_ _ _ _

7. 信心 n. c_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _

8. 延長(zhǎng) vt. P_ _ _ _ _ _

9. 堅(jiān)持 vi. P_ _ _ _ _ _

10. 擁有 vt. P_ _ _ _ _ _

11. 跳躍 vi. & vt. l_ _ _

12. 體力的 a. m_ _ _ _ _

13. 畫(huà)家 n. P_ _ _ _ _ _

14. 成功的 a. s_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _

15. 性格 n. c_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _

16. 投資 n. i_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _

17. 細(xì)胞 n. c_ _ _

18. 最終的 a. e_ _ _ _ _ _ _

19. 代替；替換 vt. r_ _ _ _ _ _

四、4.Word From

0. People often assume that a decision is fin______(isolate)phenomenon．

1. There might be a massive black hole at the center of our galaxy______(swallow)up stars at a very rapid rate．

2. ______(tell)you about it some time before，but I don't remember it now．

3. Bread and butter______(be)my favorite breakfast．

4. It'high time that we______(do)something to stop pollution．

5. The______(expand)of the factory made room for more equipment．

6. Facts are terrible things if______(leave)spreading and unexamined．

7. As with anything______(carry)to excess，daydreaming can be harmful．

8. Animal research is irrelevant to our health and it can often produce______(mislead)results．

9. ______(salary)people who earn more than a few thousand dollars must pay a certain percentage of their salaries．

五、5.Translation from Chinese into English

0. 重要的不是你分配了多少時(shí)間去學(xué)習(xí), 而是你在學(xué)習(xí)時(shí)學(xué)到了多少東西。

1. 研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)你夢(mèng)中出現(xiàn)的人越多你醒來(lái)時(shí)就會(huì)越快樂(lè)。

2. 社會(huì)對(duì)你玩或不玩是極不關(guān)心的。

3. 電腦能幫助解決生命研究中的許多問(wèn)題。

4. 這些商品的價(jià)格從幾美元到數(shù)百美元不等。

六、6.Translation from English into Chinese

0.   Have you heard about new compact Discs? They're the latest invention from Sony. A CD consists of a piece of aluminium coated with transparent plastic，12 cms across，for producing sound. 
  It's similar to an ordinary record，except that it's read by a laser beam，and the information recorded on the aluminium is digital. 
  The makers claim that a CD can reproduce the original sound perfectly，without any distortion or background hiss. As the system is computerized，there's no loss of quality between the studio master and the record you buy. 
  Also，a CD is much tougher-than a vinyl(乙烯基)record，so it doesn't need such careful handling. Dust and dirt won't damage it，and as there's no contact between the laser and the disc, it will never wear out.