?2023年4月自考00600高級(jí)英語(yǔ)真題

2023年4月自考00600高級(jí)英語(yǔ)真題

I. Each of the following sentences is given four choices of words or expressions. Choose the right one to complete the sentence and write thecorresponding letter on your Answer Sheet. (15 points, 1 point for each)

1.I () the decision of my local council to install cameras around the center.

A. arbitrate

B. appraise

C. applaud

D. audit

2.She has already had to () three painful operations on her leg.

A. endure

B. present

C. attend

D. suppress

3.In fact, the Covid-19 pandemic has exposed a major () in this incomplete urbanization.

A. leakage

B. backlash

C. shortage

D. drawback

4.() additives such as colorings, sweeteners and flavor enhancers aren't permitted in baby foods.

A. Pretentious

B. Counterfeit

C. Artificial

D. Spurious

5.The growth of a population results from the () of births over deaths as well as the movement of people betwe en regions or countries.

A. excess

B. access

C. process

D. success

6.The amount of alcohol he had drunk seriously () his ability to drive.

A. injured

B. impaired

C. abused

D. spoiled

7.How to () the bottlenecks of technological development in key areas has become a major test for the realizat ion of smooth domestic circulation.

A. break with

B. break up

C. break down

D. break through

8.We have student support advisers, and whenever we need help with () tasks or academic tasks, we can just rea ch them at any time.

A. mutational

B. mundane

C. municipal

D. mutual

9.She claimed that the rise in unemployment was just a further () of the government's incompetence.

A. phenomenon

B. manifestation

C. appearance

D. signature

10.Some dishes would be very bland without the () use of spices and other seasonings.

A. judicial

B. legal

C. judicious

D. legislative

11.The company () customers by selling old computers as new ones.

A. consoled

B. deceived

C. confounded

D. perceived

12.The modernization of agriculture is () about farming only, but more importantly about improving the well-bei ng of rural residents.

A. by no means

B. in no time

C. by any means

D. at any time

13.Cold-chain services will be checked thoroughly to minimize virus () risks.

A. transportation

B. transaction

C. transmission

D. transition

14.Powell hurt his back when he fell off the horse and was () for a year.

A. laid up

B. laid out

C. laid on

D. laid down

15.His jealous competitors often accuse him of being too () and of taking away their business.

A. acknowledged

B. acquiescent

C. accustomed

D. acquisitive

Read the following passage carefully and complete the succeeding three items II, III, IV.

(1)On October 24th, 2003 Concorde made its last commercial flight. It carried afull load of passengers, 100 of them, from New York to London.And it did soin three and a half hours. It was able to make the journey so rapidly because its top speed was Mach 2.04-just over twice the velocity of sound.

(2)In its day, Conco rde was a superb piece of engineering. But it was also avanity project, cooked up in the early 1960s by the British and French governments. Issues like profit were ignored. However superb the engineering, with the technology then available the profitable operation of such a plane was impossible.

(3)Technology moves on, though, and several truly commercial undertakings think the time is now ripe for something similar. Most of the running is being made by three American firms, Aerion, Boom and Spike. Aerion's offering, the AS2, is a 12-seater intended to fly at Mach 1.4. Overture, the aircraft planned by Boom, will get to Mac h 2.2. It will carry 55-75 passengers.Spike's proposal, the S-512, lies between these extremes. It is intend ed to carry 18 passengers at Mach 1.6. All three firms think that improvements in materials, engine design a nd the understanding of aerodynamics mean their proposed craft can be operated profitably and without too mu ch discomfort,in the form of sonic booms, to those on the ground below.

(4)In February Aerion signed a d evelopment deal with Boeing. It also has an arrangement with General Electric (GE) to develop a supersonic engine called Affinity, capable of operating efficiently both subsonically and supersonically.The plan is to attach these, three at a time, to an airframe built by Spirit AeroSystems, a large manufacturer of airframe components. And all this wil lcome to pass, Aerion claims, by 2023-the current target for the AS2 to takeoff .

(5)Boom has yet to announce a propulsion system for Overture. But it, too, has development money, hav ing received a tranche of m in venture funding in 2017 and a further m this January. And it will soon have a prototype, a one-third-scale aircraft that it calls Baby Boom. This is powered by three of GE's J85-15 engi nes-the military versions of the CJ610, an established workhorse of business jets. All being well, Baby Boom will take to the air early next year and fly at Mach 2.2.

(6)Like Boom, Spike has yet to pick an engine , though it plans to do so by the end of the year. It also plans a subsonic demonstration flight in June, an d a supersonic demonstration next year. Whether supersonic commercial aviation really will work this time should thus be clear by the mid 2020s. A few visionaries are, however, looking beyond the merely supersonic. They want to go hypersonic (高超音速)-beyond Mach 5. That would make it possible to fly to an a irport's antipodes in less than four hours.

(7)At this speed the physics get scary. Air entering a hyper sonic jet engine would be travelling at more than 1.7km per second. Slowing this air down sufficiently for i t to be manageable would convert its kinetic energy (動(dòng)能)into heat so intense that it would melt most of th e materials of which such anengine might be made.

(8)All this explains why existing hypersonic vehicl es-namely satellite-launchers-are rocket-propelled. A rocket carries its own oxidant and so does not nee d to breathe air. The only alternative that has been tested experimentally is called a supersonic-combustion ramjet. This does not require the incoming air to be slowed down to the same extent as a turbofan.But it ha s to be accelerated to Mach 5 to start operating, usually by a rocket.

(9) A small British company calle d Reaction Engines does, however, have an alternative on offer. Skylon, as Reaction Engines names its design, would be powered by engines able to switch between air and liquid oxygen. They are known as Synerge tic Air Breathing Rocket Engines (SABRE) and would be fuelled by liquid hydrogen, which has a temperature of less than 20 degrees above absolute zero. The trick, when a SABRE is in air-breathing mode,would be to use this coldness to absorb heat generated by the inrushing air before it could cause damage. A heat-exchanger intended to do this was tested successfully in April.

(10)At best, the chances of a tiny team working in the metaphorical equivalent of a garden shed cracking the problem of air-breathing hypersonic flight are sl im.But perhaps they are not zero. The fundamental design looks sound, and there has, over the years, been en ough interest from outsiders such as Boeing,Rolls-Royce and BAE to keep the dream alive.

(11)If Skylo n does eventually fly, its first use is likely to be as an unmanned space plane carrying objects into orbit. But one day, perhaps, it or a successor will-for those rich enough-make popping over to Sydney for a we ekend break seem just the thing.

II. In this section, there are ten incomplete statements or questions, followed by four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best answer and write the corresponding letter on your Answer Sheet. (20 points, 2 points for each)

16.What can be learned about Concord from Paragraph 1 ?

A. Its full load was 100 passengers.

B. It traveled at the velocity of sound.

C. Its commercial service began in 2003.

D. It flew from London to New York in 3 hours.

17.In Paragraph 2, “cooked up” is closest in meaning to ().

A. held on

B. given up

C. carried on

D. drawn up

18.According to Paragraph 3, which of the following statements is true?

A. The technology of supersonic airliners is mature.

B. AS2's capacity is the largest among the three types.

C. The aircraft planned by Boom is the fastest of the three types.

D. The commercial operations are made by one American firm.

19.According to Paragraph 4, AS2().

A. will not be able to run subsonically

B. will not be manufactured until 2023

C. will use the airframe built by Aerion

D. will be equipped with supersonic engines

20.According to paragraph 5, what does “Baby Boom” refer to?

A. The military version of the CJ610.

B. A supersonic plane prototype.

C. The baby boom generation.

D. An aircraft manufacturer.

21.In Paragraph 6, the word “visionaries” means “people who are ()”.

A. pragmatic

B. far-sighted

C. intellectual

D. down-to-earth

22.According to Paragraphs 7-8, what is the problem with the hyperson ic jet engine?

A. The engine cannot be accelerated to Mach 5.

B. There is not enough air when the engine is working.

C. The material of the engine is not sufficiently heat-resistant.

D. The engine cannot power the plane to reach the expected speed.

23.According to Paragraph 9, what is the advantage of SABRE?

A. It can work under absolute zero.

B. It can be fuelled by liquid oxygen.

C. It can absorb the cold inrushing air.

D. It can protect the engine from damage.

24.According to Paragraph 10, who are the “outsiders”?

A. The companies out of the auto industry.

B. The other supersonic engine designers.

C. The other companies outside the team.

D. The experts in their rival groups.

25.Which of the following might be the best title for this passage?

A. A New Aircraft

B. Faster than Sound

C. A New Engine

D. Better than Ever

非選擇題部分

注意事項(xiàng)：

用黑色字跡的簽字筆或鋼筆將答案寫在答題紙上，不能答在試題卷上。

III.Translate the following sentences into Chinese and write the translation on your Answer Sheet.（10 points，2 points for each）

26.Technology moves on, though, and several truly commercial undertakings think the time is now ripe for someth ing similar.

27.Whether supersonic commercial aviation really will work this time should thus be clear by the mid 2020s.

28.All this explains why existing hypersonic vehicles-namely satellite-launchers-are rocket-propelled.

29.Skylon, as Reaction Engines names its design, would be powered by engines able to switch between air and liq uid oxygen.

30.If Skylon does eventually fly, its first use is likely to be as an unmanned space plane carrying objects int o orbit.

IV. Answer the following essay question in English within 80-100 words.Write your answer on your Answer Sheet. (10 points)

31.What is your attitude towards innovation in the manufacturing industry?

V. The following paragraphs are taken from the textbooks, followed by a list of words or expressions marked A to Y. Choose the one that best completes each of the sentences and write the corresponding letter on your Answer Sheet. One word or expression for each blank only. (25points, 1 point for each)

32.Every man who has acquired some (32) skill enjoys exercising it until it has become a matter of course, or u ntil he can no longer improve himself. This (33) to activity begins in early childhood: a boy who can stand on his head becomes (34) to stand on his feet. A great deal of work gives the (35) pleasure that is to be de rived from games of skill. The work of a lawyer or a politician must contain (36) a more delectable form a great deal of the same pleasure that is to be derived from playing bridge.

I have tried often to search b ehind the (37) of years for the enchantment I so easily found in those gifts. The essence escapes but its au ra (38). To be (39), no, invited, into the private lives of strangers, and to share their joys and (40), was a chance to exchange the Southern bitter (41) for a cup of mead with Beowulf or a hot cup of tea and milk w ith Oliver Twist.

Thanks to modern machinery, production is outrunning (42). Organized waste among consu mers is the first condition of our (43) prosperity. The sooner a consumer throws (44) the object he has boug ht and buys another, the better for the producer. At the same time, of course, the producer must do his (45) by producing nothing (46) the most perishable articles.

Vanity is a motive of immense (47). Anyone who has much to do with children knows (48) they are constantly performing some antic and saying“Look at me”. “L ook at me” is one of the most (49) desires of the human heart. It can take innumerable forms, from buffooner y to the pursuit of (50) fame. There was a Renaissance Italian princeling who has asked by the (51) on his d eathbed if he had anything to repent of.

It is enough for me to concentrate (52) education. America has always despised its teachers and, as a consequence, it has been (53) the teachers it deserves. The quality o f first-grade education that my son (54）, in a New Jersey town noted for the excellence of its 55 schools, could not, I suppose,be faulted on the level of (56) conscientiousness. The teachers worked rigidly from the approved rigidly programed primers.

A.potency

B.bit

C.received

D.consumption

E.ind ustrial

F.how

G.remains

H.on

I.granted

J.sophistication

K.Fundamental

L.posthumo us

M.public

N.reluctant

O.same

P.priest

Q.in

R.dogged

S.away

T.allowed

U .unusual

V.wormwood

W.motive

X.but

Y.fears

VI. Translate the following sentences into English and write the translation on your Answer Sheet. (20 points, 2 points each for 57-60, 4 points for 61, 8points for 62)

57.部分問(wèn)題是與黑人相比，美國(guó)女性被洗腦的程度更深，并且更滿足于她們作為二等公民的角色。

58.她從那把椅子挪到這邊這把椅子上，只是坐在那里，雙手握在一起，眼睛向下看著。

59.例如，每次我們發(fā)起新的廣告活動(dòng)，公司內(nèi)部的人總是第一批上當(dāng)?shù)摹?/p>

60.我一直被問(wèn)及美國(guó)黑人的問(wèn)題，而這些以前從來(lái)沒有人問(wèn)過(guò)我。我很尷尬，因?yàn)槲覜]有任何答案。

61.他母親走在他前面，一只手拿著一個(gè)帶有亮紋的包。她的另一只手臂隨意擺動(dòng)著，在陽(yáng)光下看起來(lái)非常白皙。男孩看著那白皙、裸露的手臂，他那藏著不悅的雙眼望向海灣，又回頭看向他的母親。

62.有些人相信死亡的時(shí)間是由上帝指定的，因而任何人都不應(yīng)該把他人的時(shí)鐘往回?fù)?。然而，假如某位患者的哲學(xué)觀支持安樂死的話，那么我們就不清楚為什么他人要借宗教之名進(jìn)行反對(duì)，干涉他的死亡選擇。另一個(gè)顧慮是，安樂死的法律框架如果允許醫(yī)生在一系列特定情境下配合臨終患者的請(qǐng)求，或許會(huì)因?yàn)殚_創(chuàng)合法終結(jié)他人生命的先例而給社會(huì)帶來(lái)危險(xiǎn)。