?2022年下半年自考英語(yǔ)(二)模擬練習(xí)題8

在自學(xué)考試中，英語(yǔ)二屬于公共課，是大多數(shù)自考專業(yè)必考課程，英語(yǔ)二的成績(jī)對(duì)于學(xué)士學(xué)位申請(qǐng)也有影響，所以拿下這門課對(duì)于自考生來(lái)說(shuō)是非常重要的。小編整理了2022年下半年自考英語(yǔ)(二)模擬練習(xí)題8，請(qǐng)看下文。

2022年下半年自考英語(yǔ)(二)模擬練習(xí)題8

一

China launches Shenzhou 13 astronauts on historic mission to new space station

The nation’s Shenzhou 13 spacecraft was launched from Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center in the Gobi Desert today , rising off the pad (發(fā)射臺(tái)) atop (在……頂上) a Long March 2F rocket at 00:23 Oct. 16 local time.

Shenzhou 13 and its three passengers — commander Zhai Zhigang, Wang Yaping and Ye Guangfu — are headed toward Tianhe, the core module (艙) of the Tiangong space station that China is building in low Earth orbit.

After reaching orbit, Zhai reported the crew was doing fine and all systems were nominal .

Tianhe has only been aloft (在高空中) since April, but the module has already hosted one crewed visit — Shenzhou 12, which was launched in June and returned to Earth last month. The three-month mission was China’s longest-duration human spaceflight to date, but Shenzhou 13 will wreck that record, racking up six months aboard Tianhe (“Harmony of the Heavens”).

Shenzhou 13 will break new ground in another way as well: Wang will become the first woman to live aboard the core module. (The Shenzhou 12 crewmembers were all men.)

This is the second spaceflight for the 41-year-old Wang. She also flew on Shenzhou 10, which visited China’s Tiangong 1 prototype (雛形；原型) space lab for two weeks in 2013.

Zhai, 55, is also a spaceflight veteran (經(jīng)驗(yàn)豐富的人), having served on the Shenzhou 7 mission in 2008. During that three-day flight, he conducted China’s first-ever spacewalk.

Shenzhou 13 is the first spaceflight for Ye, who is 41.

Zhai, Wang and Ye will be busy during their six months in orbit. They’ll spend a lot of time testing and validating (證實(shí)；確認(rèn)) technologies that will allow China to finish construction of the new space station, which is called Tiangong (“Heavenly Palace”). That station will consist of three modules; the other two are expected to launch toward the 54-foot-long (16.6 meters) Tianhe next year.

1．Who conducted China’s first-ever spacewalk?A．Yang Liwei       B．Wang Yaping       C．Zhai Zhigang       D．Ye Guangfu2．Which is NOT true according to the passage?A．The Shenzhou 12 crewmembers were all men.B．This isn’t the first spaceflight for the 55-year-old Zhai.C．This is the second spaceflight for the 41-year-old Wang.D．Shenzhou 13 is the second spaceflight for Ye.3．What’s the meaning of the underlined words?A．break       B．crash       C．destroy       D．damage4．The passage is probably taken from________ .A．a(chǎn) textbook       B．a(chǎn) newspaperC．a(chǎn) handbook       D．a(chǎn) poster in a college

二

China launched a spacecraft bound for its unfinished space station just past midnight Saturday local time. On board were three astronauts — including the first woman to visit the station.

The Shenzhou-13 spacecraft took off from the Gobi Desert in northern China. Zhai Zhigang, who was chosen as mission commander for the six-month trip, graduated from China's first group of astronaut trainees in the 1990s. Selected from more than 1,500 potential astronaut candidates in 1998, Zhai, once a fighter pilot in the Chinese People's Liberation Army, eventually conducted China's first spacewalk. “After 13 years, I am going to set out for outer space again,” Zhai said to reporters. “I feel excited. I feel inspired. I also feel some pressure.” Wang Yaping, 41, is the first female astronaut to visit the Chinese station and the second Chinese woman to enter space.

China has spent a decade working to develop technologies for a space station. Construction of the nation’s first permanent space station, Tiangong, started in April. It is planned to include three elements. One, called Tianhe or “Heavenly Harmony,” is just bigger than a city bus and serves as the main living district. Eleven missions will be needed to fully supply and complete the station.

The six-month trip marks another step in the nation's rapidly advancing space program.

Three Chinese astronauts returned in September from a successful 90-day visit to the station, spending their time checking Tianhe's life-support system and going on spacewalks.

“We will definitely encounter physical and psychological problems, as well as problems related to the equipment and facility,” Zhai told reporters Thursday. “Whether we can complete this flight mission well depends on our team, our firm will and the fighting spirit of our three crew members.” He added that the crew's two years of training together gives them the "]”power and wisdom” to resolve all difficulties.

Ahead of the launch, Beijing renewed a commitment to cooperate with the international peaceful use of spare Foreign Ministry spokesman Zhao Lijian described sending people to space as a “common cause of mankind.” Zhao said China would “continue to extend the depth and breath of international cooperation and exchanges” in spaceflight and “make positive contributions to the exploration of the mysteries of the universe.”

5．Who is the first Chinese to walk In space?A．Wang Yaping.       B．Zhao Lijian.       C．Yang Liwei.       D．Zhai Zhigang.6．What did the astronauts mainly do during the 90-day visit to the station?A．Developed technologies for the construction of Tiangong.B．Started the missions for the other two parts of Tiangong.C．Walked out of Tianhe to supply with the international astronauts.D．Evaluated the system that helps maintain life in Tianhe.7．What is the main idea of the last paragraph?A．The successful launch for the Shenzhou-13 spacecraft.B．The commitment of international cooperation and exchanges.

C．China's expectation and outlook for exploration of the universe.

D．The great importance of space exploration for China and the world.

8．Which of the following words can best describe the crew?

A．Enthusiastic and ambitious.       B．Strong-willed and intelligent.

C．Cautious and generous.       D．Creative and interactive.

三

A second crew of three astronauts are heading for China’s Tianhe space station module after the ____9____(succeed) launch of the Shenzhou-13 mission Friday. Astronauts Zhai Zhigang, Wang Yaping and Ye Guangfu will be busy during their six months in orbit. They'll spend a lot of time ____10____(test) technologies that will allow China to finish construction of the new space station, ____11____ is called Tiangong ("Heavenly Palace"). That station will consist of three modules; the other two ____12____(expect) to launch toward the 54-foot-long (16.6 meters) Tianhe next year. For example, the Shenzhou-13 crew will move the robotic Tianzhou 2 cargo(貨物) spacecraft from one Tianhe docking(對(duì)接) port to ____13____ using the module's robotic arm, Chinese officials said. Tianzhou-2 ____14____(arrive) at Tianhe in May, delivering supplies for the Shenzhou-12 crew. Zhai, Wang and Ye will also conduct a variety of ____15____(experiment) onboard Tianhe, including tasks ____16____(design) to advance space medicine and scientists' understanding of micro-gravity physics. And researchers on the ground will monitor the three astronauts’ health, to learn more ____17____ how long-duration spaceflight affects people _____18_____(mental) and physically. The crew will also conduct two or three spacewalks during the Shenzhou-13 mission.

四

假定英語(yǔ)課上，老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請(qǐng)你修改你同桌寫(xiě)的以下作文。作文中共有10處錯(cuò)誤，每句中最多有兩處。錯(cuò)誤涉及一個(gè)單詞的增加、刪除或修改。增加：在缺詞處加一個(gè)漏詞符號(hào)（^），并在其下面寫(xiě)出該加的詞。刪除：把多余的詞用斜線（\）劃掉。注意：修改：在錯(cuò)的詞下面畫(huà)一橫線，并在該詞下面寫(xiě)出修改后的詞。

1. 每處錯(cuò)誤及其修改均僅限一詞

2. 只允許修改10處，多者（從第11處起）不計(jì)分。

Millions of students across China watched the live broadcast of the lecture giving by Shenzhou-13 crew members in last month. During the one-hour class, students learned about the working environment of the space station. Amazing, they observed experiments related to human body movement as well cell growth in the weightless environment. They were so excited to attend such the wonderful live class in which they learned much about space than before. After they hear about the negative effects of the space environment on human body, they expressed their admiration for the astronaut. "They are really great people. They have devoted himself to the space exploration though facing high risks. There is no doubt whether their devotion deserves our respect.”

2022年下半年自考英語(yǔ)(二)模擬練習(xí)題8參考答案

1．C

2．D

3．A

4．B

【解析】

【分析】

這是一篇新聞報(bào)道。文章講述了神州13號(hào)載人航天的成功發(fā)射及其中的航天員的信息。

1．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段“Zhai, 55, is also a spaceflight veteran (經(jīng)驗(yàn)豐富的人), having served on the Shenzhou 7 mission in 2008. During that three-day flight, he conducted China’s first-ever spacewalk.”（55歲的翟志剛也是一名航天老將，曾在2008年參加過(guò)神舟7號(hào)任務(wù)。在為期三天的飛行中，他完成了中國(guó)首次太空行走。）可知，首次完成太空行走的是翟志剛。選項(xiàng)C與文意相符，故選C。

2．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“Shenzhou 13 is the first spaceflight for Ye, who is 41.”（神舟13號(hào)是41歲的葉光富的第一次太空飛行。）結(jié)合選項(xiàng)，選項(xiàng)D.“Shenzhou 13 is the second spaceflight for Ye.”（神舟13號(hào)是葉光富的第二次太空飛行。）與文意不符，故選D。

3．詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第五段劃線詞所在句的前半部分“The three-month mission was China’s longest-duration human spaceflight to date”（這次為期三個(gè)月的任務(wù)是中國(guó)迄今為止持續(xù)時(shí)間最長(zhǎng)的載人航天）及后半部分“ racking up six months aboard Tianhe (“Harmony of the Heavens”).”（在天和核心艙上度過(guò)了六個(gè)月。）可推知，本次神州13號(hào)載人航天將會(huì)打破以往的任務(wù)記錄，所以劃線詞此處的意思為“打破”，選項(xiàng)A符合題意，故選A。

4．推理判斷題。通讀全文，文章講述了神州13號(hào)載人航天的成功發(fā)射。所以本文可能來(lái)自一篇新聞報(bào)道。選項(xiàng)B與文意相符，故選B。

5．D

6．D

7．C

8．B

【解析】

【分析】

這是一篇說(shuō)明文。主要介紹了中國(guó)的空間站和中國(guó)的航天精神。

5．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第二段“Selected from more than 1,500 potential astronaut candidates in 1998, Zhai, once a fighter pilot in the Chinese People's Liberation Army, eventually conducted China's first spacewalk.”（1998年，翟從1500多名潛在的航天員候選人中選出，曾是中國(guó)人民解放軍的戰(zhàn)斗機(jī)飛行員，最終完成了中國(guó)第一次太空行走。）可知，翟志剛是中國(guó)太空行走第一人。故選D項(xiàng)。

6．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第五段“Three Chinese astronauts returned in September from a successful 90-day visit to the station, spending their time checking Tianhe's life-support system and going on spacewalks.”（三名中國(guó)宇航員于 9 月結(jié)束了對(duì)空間站 90 天的成功訪問(wèn)，他們花時(shí)間檢查天河的生命支持系統(tǒng)并進(jìn)行太空行走。）可知，航天員們主要任務(wù)是檢查生命維持系統(tǒng)。故選D項(xiàng)。

7．主旨大意題。由尾段“Zhao said China would ‘continue to extend the depth and breath of international cooperation and exchanges’ in spaceflight”（趙說(shuō)，中國(guó)將在航天領(lǐng)域“繼續(xù)擴(kuò)大國(guó)際合作交流的深度和氣息”）可知，尾段主要表達(dá)了中國(guó)的宇宙探索期望。故選C項(xiàng)。

8．推理判斷題。由第六段“‘Whether we can complete this flight mission well depends on our team, our firm will and the fighting spirit of our three crew members.’ He added that the crew's two years of training together gives them the ‘power and wisdom’ to resolve all difficulties.”（“能不能很好地完成這次飛行任務(wù)，取決于我們的團(tuán)隊(duì)、我們堅(jiān)定的意志和我們?nèi)麢C(jī)組人員的拼搏精神。”他補(bǔ)充說(shuō)，機(jī)組人員兩年的共同訓(xùn)練賦予了他們解決一切困難的“力量和智慧”）可知，航天員們意志堅(jiān)定、聰明。故選B項(xiàng)。

9．successful

10．testing

11．which

12．a(chǎn)re expected

13．a(chǎn)nother

14．a(chǎn)rrived

15．experiments

16．designed

17．a(chǎn)bout

18．mentally

【解析】

【分析】

這是一篇新聞報(bào)道。周五，神舟十三號(hào)將三位航天員成功送向太空，開(kāi)始長(zhǎng)達(dá)六個(gè)月的空間任務(wù)。

9．考查形容詞。句意：周五，神舟十三號(hào)成功發(fā)射后，第二批三名宇航員將前往中國(guó)的天和空間站。修飾名詞launch，應(yīng)使用形容詞，作定語(yǔ)。故填successful。

10．考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：他們將花費(fèi)大量時(shí)間測(cè)試技術(shù)，以便中國(guó)能夠完成新空間站的建設(shè)，這個(gè)空間站被稱為“天宮”。spend time doing為固定搭配，意為“花時(shí)間做…”。故填testing。

11．考查定語(yǔ)從句引導(dǎo)詞。句意：他們將花費(fèi)大量時(shí)間測(cè)試技術(shù)，以便中國(guó)能夠完成新空間站的建設(shè)，這個(gè)空間站被稱為“天宮”。先行詞為the new space station，指物，所以用which引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，并在從句中作主語(yǔ)。故填which。

12．考查時(shí)態(tài)語(yǔ)態(tài)。句意：該空間站將由三個(gè)模塊組成；另外兩個(gè)模塊預(yù)計(jì)明年將發(fā)射到54英尺長(zhǎng)(16.6米)的天和。分析句子可知，句子應(yīng)使用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。由于expect與the other two（復(fù)數(shù)）之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，應(yīng)使用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。故填are expected。

13．考查不定代詞。句意：例如，神舟十三號(hào)宇航員將使用天舟二號(hào)的機(jī)械臂將機(jī)器人天舟二號(hào)貨運(yùn)飛船從一個(gè)天和對(duì)接口移動(dòng)到另一個(gè)天和對(duì)接口。one...another…為固定用法，意為“一個(gè)……，另一個(gè)……”。故填another。

14．考查動(dòng)詞。句意：天舟二號(hào)于今年5月抵達(dá)天和，為神舟十二號(hào)宇航員運(yùn)送物資。時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)為in May，應(yīng)使用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。故填arrived。

15．考查名詞。句意：翟、王和葉還將在天和上進(jìn)行各種各樣的實(shí)驗(yàn)，包括推進(jìn)空間醫(yī)學(xué)和科學(xué)家對(duì)微重力物理學(xué)的理解的任務(wù)設(shè)計(jì)。a variety of 后接可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)，意為“各種……”。故填experiments。

16．考查動(dòng)詞。句意：翟、王和葉還將在天和上進(jìn)行各種各樣的實(shí)驗(yàn)，包括推進(jìn)空間醫(yī)學(xué)和科學(xué)家對(duì)微重力物理學(xué)的理解的任務(wù)設(shè)計(jì)。分析句子可知，空處應(yīng)使用非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，由于design與所修飾詞tasks之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，應(yīng)使用過(guò)去分詞，作后置定語(yǔ)，故填designed。

17．考查介詞。句意：地面上的研究人員將監(jiān)測(cè)這三名宇航員的健康狀況，以便更多地了解長(zhǎng)期的太空飛行對(duì)人們身心的影響。learn about為固定用法，意為“了解”。故填about。

18．考查副詞。句意：地面上的研究人員將監(jiān)測(cè)這三名宇航員的健康狀況，以便更多地了解長(zhǎng)期的太空飛行對(duì)人們身心的影響。根據(jù)空后的and physically可知，空處應(yīng)使用副詞作狀語(yǔ)，故填mentally。

19．1.giving→given

2. 去掉in

3. Amazing→Amazingly

4. well后加as

5. the→a

6. much→more

7. hear→heard

8. astronaut→astronauts

9. himself→themselves

10. whether→that

【分析】

本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹全國(guó)數(shù)百萬(wàn)學(xué)生觀看了神舟十三號(hào)機(jī)組人員演講的現(xiàn)場(chǎng)直播的情況。

【詳解】

第一處：考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：上個(gè)月，全國(guó)數(shù)百萬(wàn)學(xué)生觀看了神舟十三號(hào)機(jī)組人員演講的現(xiàn)場(chǎng)直播。名詞lecture與give之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，所以用過(guò)去分詞作后置定語(yǔ)。故將giving改為given。

第二處：考查時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)。句意：上個(gè)月，全國(guó)數(shù)百萬(wàn)學(xué)生觀看了神舟十三號(hào)機(jī)組人員演講的現(xiàn)場(chǎng)直播。含有 this, that, last, next 等的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)前不加任何介詞。故去掉in。

第三處：考查副詞。句意：令人驚訝的是，他們?cè)谑е氐沫h(huán)境中觀察到與人體運(yùn)動(dòng)和細(xì)胞生長(zhǎng)有關(guān)的實(shí)驗(yàn)。句中用副詞作狀語(yǔ)，修飾整個(gè)句子。故將Amazing改為Amazingly。

第四處：考查短語(yǔ)。句意：令人驚訝的是，他們?cè)谑е氐沫h(huán)境中觀察到與人體運(yùn)動(dòng)和細(xì)胞生長(zhǎng)有關(guān)的實(shí)驗(yàn)。as well as也、以及，為連詞短語(yǔ)，連接并列的名詞。故在well后加as。

第五處：考查冠詞。句意：他們很興奮能參加這樣一個(gè)精彩的現(xiàn)場(chǎng)課堂，他們學(xué)到了比以前更多的關(guān)于太空的知識(shí)。such + a/an +adj.+ n. 如此……。形容詞wonderful發(fā)音以輔音音素開(kāi)頭，所以用不定冠詞a。故將the改為a。

第六處：考查比較級(jí)。句意：他們很興奮能參加這樣一個(gè)精彩的現(xiàn)場(chǎng)課堂，他們學(xué)到了比以前更多的關(guān)于太空的知識(shí)。根據(jù)介詞than可知，用副詞的比較級(jí)形式。故將much改為more。

第七處：考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意：當(dāng)他們聽(tīng)說(shuō)太空環(huán)境對(duì)人體的負(fù)面影響后，他們表達(dá)了對(duì)宇航員的欽佩之情。根據(jù)文章時(shí)態(tài)可知，陳述過(guò)去事情，用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。故將hear改為heard。

第八處：考查名詞的數(shù)。句意：當(dāng)他們聽(tīng)說(shuō)太空環(huán)境對(duì)人體的負(fù)面影響后，他們表達(dá)了對(duì)宇航員的欽佩之情。名詞astronaut為可數(shù)名詞，根據(jù)后句中的they可知，是多名宇航員，所以用復(fù)數(shù)形式。故將astronaut改為astronauts。

第九處：考查代詞。句意：盡管面臨著很大的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，他們還是致力于太空探索。根據(jù)主語(yǔ)They可知，用反身代詞themselves，表示“他們致力于太空探索”，故將himself改為themselves。

第十處：考查固定句型。句意：毫無(wú)疑問(wèn)，他們的奉獻(xiàn)值得我們尊敬。There is no doubt that…毫無(wú)疑問(wèn)……該句型是固定句型。故將whether改為that。

以上就是有關(guān)“2022年下半年自考英語(yǔ)(二)模擬練習(xí)題8”的全部?jī)?nèi)容了，希望能幫助各位自考生順利通過(guò)考試，加油！