?自考英語二（下）課文翻譯之unit12

自考英語二（下）課文翻譯之unit12

Unit Twelve

Let Your Mind Wander 讓你的思想遨游

Until recently daydreaming was generally considered either a waste of time or a symptom of neurotic tendencies, and habitual daydreaming was regarded as evidence of maladjustment or an escape from life's realities and responsibilities. It was believed that habitual daydreaming would eventually distance people from society and reduce their effectiveness in coping with real problems. At its best, daydreaming was considered a compensatory substitute for the real things in life.

直到最近白日做夢通常被認為是浪費時間或者是神經(jīng)官能癥傾向的一種癥狀，而習慣性的白日做夢被認為是精神失調(diào)或者逃避生活現(xiàn)實和責任的證據(jù)。人們相信，習慣性的白日做夢最終會把人同社會疏遠并降低他們在處理實際問題時的成效。白日做夢最好也不過被認為是對生活中實際事物的一種補償性的替代。

As with anything carried to excess, daydreaming can be harmful. There are always those who would substitute fantasy lives for the rewards of real activity. But such extremes are relatively rare, and there is a growing body of evidence to support the fact that most people suffer from a lack of daydreaming rather than an excess of it.We are now beginning to learn how valuable it really is and that when individuals are completely prevented from daydreaming, their emotional balance can be disturbed. Not only are they less able to deal with the pressures of day-to-day existence, but also their self-control and self-direction become endangered.

像任何事情過分都可能有害， 白日做夢也一樣。 總有那么一些人， 他們用想入非非的生活來代替從實際活動得到的好處。但是這類極端的情況較為罕見， 愈來愈多的證據(jù)卻支持這樣一種現(xiàn)象，即大部分人受白日做夢過少而不是過多之苦。現(xiàn)在我們開始了解，白日做夢如何真有價值.并且人如果白日完全不做夢，他們的情緒平衡會被打亂。 不僅他們應付每日生活的壓力的能力會變差，他們的自我控制和自我導向能力也會受到損害。

Recent research indicates that daydreaming is part of daily life and that a certain amount each day is essential for maintaining equilibrium. Daydreaming, science has discovered, is an effective relaxation technique. But its beneficial effects go beyond this. Experiments show that daydreaming significantly contributes to intellectual growth, powers of concentration, and the ability to interact and communicate with others. In an experiment with schoolchildren in New York, Dr. Joan Freyberg observed improved concentration: "There was less running around, more happy feelings, more talking and playing in the group, and more attention paid to detail."

研究表明，白日做夢是日常生活的一部分， 每天白天做一定的夢對保持情緒平衡是必不可少的， 科學已經(jīng)發(fā)現(xiàn)， 白日做夢是一種有效的松弛辦法。 但它的好處不只這些。 試驗證明， 白日做夢對智力發(fā)展、 注意力集中和同別人的交往和溝通有相當大的好處。通過用紐約的小學生做實驗， 瓊.弗雷伯格觀察到孩子們的專心程度得到了改善：“跑來跑去的情況少了，愉快的心情多了，更多的人在一起談話和玩耍，對細節(jié)的注意力增強了。

In another experiment at Yale University, Dr. Jerome Singer found that daydreaming resulted in improved self-control and enhanced creative thinking ability. Daydreaming, Singer pointed out, is one way individuals can improve upon reality. It is, he concluded, a powerful spur to achievement. But the value of daydreaming does not stop here. It has been found that it improves a person's ability to be better adapted to practical, immediate concerns, to solve everyday problems, and to come up more readily with new ideas. Contrary to popular belief, constant and conscious effort at solving a problem is, in reality, one of the most inefficient ways of coping with it. While conscious initial effort is always necessary, effective solutions to especially severe problems frequently occur when conscious attempts to solve them have been put off. Inability to relax, to let go of a problem, often prevents its solution.

在另一個耶魯大學做的實驗里， 杰羅姆.辛格博士發(fā)現(xiàn)， 白日做夢導致自我控制的改善和創(chuàng)造性思維能力的增強。 辛格指出，白日做夢是人們改善現(xiàn)實的一種方法。他得出結論說，白日做夢強烈激發(fā)人取得成就。但白日做夢的價值并不到此為止。人們已經(jīng)發(fā)現(xiàn)，它能改善一個人的能力，使他能更好地適應實際的緊迫的事務，解決日常問題并且更容易地提出新的想法。與一般人的看法相反， 經(jīng)常有意識地致力解決某個問題， 實際上是一種效果最差的處理問題的方法。 雖然最初的有意識的努力永遠是必要的，但對特別困難問題的有效解決辦法常常在這種有意識的努力遇到了阻礙的時候才會出現(xiàn)。不會放松，不會放過問題，常常妨礙問題的解決。

Historically, scientists and inventors are one group that seems to take full advantage of relaxed moments. Their biographies reveal that their best ideas seem to have occurred when they were relaxing and daydreaming. It is well known, for example, that Newton solved many of his toughest problems when his attention was waylaid by private musings. Thomas Alva Edison also knew the value of "half waking" states. Whenever confronted with a task which seemed too hard to be dealt with, he would stretch out on his laboratory sofa and let fantasies flood his mind. Painters, writers, and composers also have drawn heavily on their sensitivity to inner fantasies. Debussy used to gaze at the River Seine and the golden reflections of the selling sun to establish an atmosphere for creativity. Brahms found that ideas came effortless only when he approached a state of deep daydreaming. And Cesar Frank is said to have walked around with a dreamlike gaze while composing, seemingly totally unaware of his surroundings.

在歷史上，科學家和發(fā)明家是似乎能充分利用松弛時刻的一類人。他們的傳記揭示出， 他們最出色的想法是在他們放松和白日做夢時出現(xiàn)的。比如，眾所周知，牛頓的很多最困難的問題都是他的注意力被個人的遐想打斷時解決的。托馬斯.埃爾瓦.愛迪生也懂得“半醒”狀態(tài)的價值。無論什么時候他遇到一個似乎解決不了的問題時，他會躺在沙發(fā)上，四肢舒展，讓各種幻覺涌滿他的腦海。畫家、作家和作曲家都十分依賴對內(nèi)心幻覺的敏感性。德彪西習慣于凝視著塞納河上落日的金色倒影來確立一種創(chuàng)造的氣氛。布拉姆斯發(fā)現(xiàn)， 只有當他接近一種深沉的白日夢境時， 他的樂思才輕松而來。 據(jù)說賽薩爾. 弗蘭克在作曲的時候，走來走去，朦朧凝眸，仿佛毫不意識周圍的一切。

Many successful people actually daydreamed their successes and achievements long before they realized them. Henry J. Kaiser maintained that "you can imagine your future,'' and he believed that a great part of his business success was due to positive use of daydreams. Harry S. Truman said that he used daydreaming for rest. Conrad Hilton dreamed of operating a hotel when he was a boy. He recalled that all his accomplishments were first realized in his imagination.

很多有成就的人實際上在他們?nèi)〉贸删椭昂芫镁蛪裘乱郧蟮鼗孟脒^功業(yè)。亨利.凱澤主張“你應該想像你的未來。 ”他相信，他事業(yè)成功大部分應歸功于積極利用白日夢。哈利.杜魯門說過，他把白日做夢當成一種休息?？道?希爾頓還是個孩子的時候就夢見過開旅館。他回憶說，他的全部成就最早都是在想像中實現(xiàn)的。

"Great living starts with a picture, held in some person's imagination, of what he would like someday to do or be. Florence Nightingale dreamed of being a nurse. Edison pictured himself an inventor; all such characters escaped the mere push of circumstance by imagining a future so vividly that they headed for it." These are the words of the well-known thinker Dr. Harry Emerson Fosdick, and they show that people can literally daydream themselves to success. Fosdick, aware of the wonderful power of positive daydreaming, offered this advice: "Hold a picture of yourself long and steadily enough in your mind's eye, and you will be drawn toward it. Picture yourself vividly as defeated and that alone will make victory impossible. Picture yourself as winning and that will contribute remarkably to success. Do not picture yourself as anything, and you will drift like an abandoned ship at sea."

“偉大的生活起始于一個人在想像中幻想自己有朝一日能做出什么事業(yè)或成為什么人物。 弗洛倫斯—南丁格爾夢想能成為一名護士。愛迪生把自己想成一名發(fā)明家。所有這些人都如此生動地幻想自己的未來，朝著這個即定方向前進， 從而避免了單純地受環(huán)境的推動。 ”這是著名的思想家哈利.愛默生.福斯迪克所說的話。這些話說明， 人確實可以通過幻想自己而取得成就。福斯迪克知道積極的白日夢的神奇作用，提出了如下的意見： “如果你經(jīng)久地、堅定地在你的想像中給自己描繪一個形象， 你將會被引往這個形象。 你如果把自己生動地幻想成一個戰(zhàn)敗者，單單這一點就能使勝利成為不可能。你要把自己幻想成一個勝利者，這將顯著地有助你取得成就。 你要是什么也不幻想自己， 你將像一條被遺棄的船，在大海上四處漂泊?！?

To get the results, you should picture yourself — as vividly as possible — as you want to be. The important thing to remember is to picture these desired objectives as if you had already attained them. Go over several times the details of these pictures. This will deeply impress them on your memory, and these memory traces will soon start influencing your everyday behavior toward the attainment of the goal. While exercising your imagination, you should be alone and completely undisturbed. Some individuals seem to have the ability to tune into their private selves in the midst of the noisiest crowds or company. But most of us, especially when the experience is new, require an environment free from outside distraction.

如想得到期望的結果， 你應把自己——盡可能生動地——幻想成你要成為的人。重要的是要記住，你幻想這些期望的目標時就好像你已經(jīng)實現(xiàn)了他們那樣。要把幻想的細節(jié)在腦子里反復想幾遍， 這樣它們會深深地印在你的記憶中， 而這些記憶的痕跡將很快影響你每天的行為去實現(xiàn)你的目標。在幻想的時候， 你應該獨處一處， 完全不受外界干擾。 有些人能做到在非常喧鬧的人群中調(diào)節(jié)自己， 進人自我。 但我們中的大多數(shù)人， 特別當我們這樣做還感到生疏時，需要有一個不受外界干擾的環(huán)境。

A life lived without fantasy and daydreaming is a seriously impoverished one. Each of us should put aside a few minutes daily, taking short 10- or 15-minute vacations. Daydreaming is highly beneficial to your physical and mental well-being, and you will find that this modest, inexpensive investment in time will add up to a more creative and imaginative, a more satisfied, and a more self-fulfilled you.It offers us a fuller sense of being intensely alive from moment to moment, and this,of course, contributes greatly to the excitement and joy of living.

人的一生如果沒有想像和夢幻， 他的一生將是十分貧乏的。 我們每個人每天都應留出幾分鐘來， 享有一次短短的 10 或 15分鐘的休閑。 白日做夢對你的身心健康大為有益。你會發(fā)現(xiàn)這份小小的花費不多的時間投資最終帶來的是一個更有創(chuàng)造性，更富有想像力， 更心滿意足和更躊躇滿志的你。 它時時使我們更充分地意識到強烈的活力，這當然會大大有助于我們生活的激奮和歡樂。

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