?英漢互譯自考2013年4月真題

英漢互譯自考2013年4月真題答案

本試卷為英漢互譯題型，有英譯漢，漢譯英，詞組翻譯類型的題型。

一、Multiple Choice Questions (30 points, 2 points for each) A. Directions: This part consists of ten sentences, each followed by four different versions marked A, B, C and D、 Choose the one that is the closest equivalent of the original in terms of meaning and expressiveness.

1. I never go past my old school but think of our headmaster.

A.我從未路過(guò)母校，但想起過(guò)校長(zhǎng)。
B.我從未路過(guò)母校，也沒(méi)想起過(guò)校長(zhǎng)。
C.每次路過(guò)母校，我都沒(méi)想起過(guò)校長(zhǎng)。
D.每次路過(guò)母校，我都會(huì)想起校長(zhǎng)。

2. If you stop to think about it, you will realize how important it is to be thoughtful.

A.如果你不去想這個(gè)問(wèn)題，你就會(huì)意識(shí)到替別人著想是何等重要。
B.如果你不去想這個(gè)問(wèn)題，你就會(huì)意識(shí)到思想是何等重要。
C.如果仔細(xì)想想，你就會(huì)意識(shí)到替別人著想有多么重要。
D.如果仔細(xì)想想，你就會(huì)意識(shí)到思想有多么重要。

3. The development of literacy, the acquisition of information and the problem-solving by beginners differ in degree rather than in kind from the mental activities of experts.

A.初學(xué)者學(xué)習(xí)文化，獲取信息以及解決問(wèn)題等方面的智力活動(dòng)與專家在程度和本質(zhì)上有很大的不同。
B.初學(xué)者學(xué)習(xí)文化，獲取信息以及解決問(wèn)題等方面的智力活動(dòng)與專家的只是程度上的不同，本質(zhì)上是一樣的。
C.初學(xué)者文學(xué)上的發(fā)展，信息的獲得以及解決問(wèn)題等方面的能力與專家的思維活躍度在程度和本質(zhì)上有很大的不同。
D.初學(xué)者文學(xué)上的發(fā)展，信息的獲得以及解決問(wèn)題等方面的能力與專家的思維活躍度只是程度上的不同，本質(zhì)上是一樣的。

4. It was quite a few months before South Sudan officially won its independence.

A.好幾個(gè)月前，南蘇丹正式獨(dú)立了。
B.過(guò)了好幾個(gè)月，南蘇丹才正式獨(dú)立。
C.南蘇丹正式獨(dú)立前，好幾個(gè)月過(guò)去了。
D.南蘇丹剛正式獨(dú)立，好幾個(gè)月就過(guò)去了。

5. Almost daily, the gulf between education and employment widens. Careers officers complain about a system that presents them with school-leavers without ideas for employment.

A.幾乎每天，教育和就業(yè)之間的鴻溝在加寬。負(fù)責(zé)就業(yè)的官員抱怨說(shuō)，現(xiàn)在的教育制度向他們提供畢業(yè)生時(shí)缺乏就業(yè)觀念。
B.幾乎每天，教育和就業(yè)之間的鴻溝在加寬。負(fù)責(zé)就業(yè)的官員抱怨現(xiàn)行的教育制度培養(yǎng)出來(lái)的畢業(yè)生缺乏就業(yè)觀念。
C.教育和就業(yè)相互脫節(jié)的現(xiàn)象日趨嚴(yán)重。負(fù)責(zé)就業(yè)的官員抱怨說(shuō)，現(xiàn)在的教育制度向他們提供畢業(yè)生時(shí)缺乏就業(yè)觀念。
D.教育和就業(yè)相互脫節(jié)的現(xiàn)象日趨嚴(yán)重。負(fù)責(zé)就業(yè)的官員抱怨說(shuō)，現(xiàn)行的教育制度培養(yǎng)出來(lái)的畢業(yè)生時(shí)缺乏就業(yè)觀念。

6. 他既有同情心，又能容人，所以人們尊敬他。

A.He was sympathetic, tolerant, and respected by people.
B.He was both sympathetic and tolerant, which won him respect.
C.He was sympathetic, tolerant, and that made people respected him.
D.He was both sympathetic and tolerant, that made people respect him.

7. 打動(dòng)人心的是作品中反映的生活和主人公的命運(yùn)。

A.Readers are moved by the life reflected in a novel and the fate of the leading character.
B.Readers are enlightened by the life reflected in a novel and the fate of the leading character.
C.Readers are stirred up by the life reflected in a novel and the fate of the leading character.
D.Readers are impressed by the life reflected in a novel and the fate of the leading character.

8. 我必須承認(rèn)，我的時(shí)間和精力似乎越來(lái)越少了。

A.I have to admit that my time and energy seem to be shorter.
B. I have to confess that there seen to be less time and energy for me.
C. I must confess that I seem to have less time and energy than before.
D. I must admit that my time and energy seem to be running short.

9. 日子很快的過(guò)去了，她的做工卻毫沒(méi)有懈，食物不論，力氣是不錯(cuò)的。

A.Time has passed quickly. She went on working as hard as ever, not cared what she ate, never sparing herself.
B.Time passing quickly, and she went on working as hard as ever, not cared what she ate, never spared herself.
C.Time passed quickly. She went on working as hard as ever, not caring what she ate, never sparing herself.
D.Time passed quickly, she went on working as hard as ever, not cared what she ate, never spared herself.

10. 中國(guó)作為一個(gè)有著很長(zhǎng)海岸線的發(fā)展中國(guó)家，國(guó)民經(jīng)濟(jì)要持續(xù)發(fā)展，必須把海洋的開(kāi)發(fā)和保護(hù)作為一項(xiàng)長(zhǎng)期的戰(zhàn)略任務(wù)。

A.As a developing country with a long coastline, China must take exploitation and protection of the ocean as a long-term strategic task before it can achieve the sustainable development of its national economy.
B.As a developing country with a long coastline, China must make exploitation and protection of the ocean as a long-term strategic task before it can achieve the sustainable development of its national economy.
C.China is a developing country with a long coastline, must make exploitation and protection of the ocean as a long-term strategic task before it can achieve the sustainable development of its national economy.
D.China must take exploitation and protection of the ocean as a long-term strategic task before it can achieve the sustainable development of its national economy, as a developing country with a long coastline.

二、Multiple Choice Questions

Directions: This part consists of five unfinished statements, each followed by four choices marked A, B, C and D、 Choose the one that best completes each statement and mark the corresponding letter on your Answer Sheet.

11.我國(guó)的翻譯事業(yè)最初是從翻譯佛經(jīng)開(kāi)始的。東漢時(shí)期翻譯的________是我國(guó)現(xiàn)存佛經(jīng)中最早的譯本。

A.《四十二章經(jīng)》
B.《妙法蓮華經(jīng)》
C.《四阿含》
D.《金剛版若波羅蜜經(jīng)》

12. “化境”作為翻譯標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，是由________提出來(lái)的。

A.嚴(yán)復(fù)
B.錢(qián)鐘書(shū)
C.楊憲益
D.林紓

13. 巴爾胡達(dá)羅夫認(rèn)為在翻譯的過(guò)程中，有時(shí)需要求助于超語(yǔ)言環(huán)境，這里所謂“環(huán)境“不包括-__________。

A.交際環(huán)境
B.通報(bào)主體
C.交際參與者
D.篇章

14. 在翻譯理論方面，魯迅先生曾針對(duì)當(dāng)時(shí)__________的“寧順而不信“的提法，提出了”寧信而不順“的主張。

A.瞿秋白
B.胡適
C.趙景深
D.傅斯年

15. 在下列關(guān)于風(fēng)格的論述中，_________是傅雷先生提出來(lái)的。

A.“要將一個(gè)作家的風(fēng)格翻譯出來(lái)，這當(dāng)然是相當(dāng)困難的，需要運(yùn)用適合于原作風(fēng)格的文學(xué)語(yǔ)言，把原作的內(nèi)容與形式正確無(wú)遺地再現(xiàn)出來(lái)。除信，達(dá)外，還要有文采。
B.“在同一語(yǔ)言的領(lǐng)域里， 尚且不易摹仿一個(gè)作者的風(fēng)格：在翻譯方面，把原作譯成另一種語(yǔ)言而要保持同一風(fēng)格，這是更不易做到的工作。
C.”即使最優(yōu)秀的譯文，其韻味較之原文仍不免過(guò)或不及。翻譯時(shí)只能盡量縮短這個(gè)距離，過(guò)則求其勿太過(guò)，不及則求其勿過(guò)于不及。
D.“我覺(jué)得翻譯工作者如果要花許多功夫去鉆研作品的風(fēng)格，還不如花點(diǎn)功夫去培養(yǎng)自己的外語(yǔ)感受力好些……”

三、Word and Phrase Translation(20 points, 1 point each) Translate the following words and phrases into Chinese. Write your translation on the Answer Sheet.

21.(16)vegetable oil(17)per capita GDP(18) international community(19) e-commerce certification(20) Adam’s apple(21) environmental protection law(22) peaceful reunification(23) stock market index(24) world championships(25) IMF

22.B.Directions：Put the following words and phrases into English and write your answer on the answer sheet.(26)純凈水(27)目標(biāo)語(yǔ)(28)故宮博物院(29) 六方會(huì)談(30) 最低工資(31) 雨季(32) 出國(guó)熱(33)記者招待會(huì)(34) 知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)(35) 大陸架

四、Translation Revision(20 points, 2 points each)A. Correct or improve the translation of the following English sentences. Write your revised Versions on the Answer Sheet.

1.Example：原文：Adelaide enjoys a Mediterranean climate.譯文：阿德萊德享有地中海型氣候。改譯：阿德萊德屬地中海型氣候。原文：I tried vainly to put the pieces together.

2.原文：Objections, if any, should be raised by buyers within five days after receipt of the sales contract.

3.原文：He was more frightened than hurt.

4.原文：Day by day the sea is eating the land— the dam has stopped the sediment of the Nile from replenishing the shoreline.

5.原文：Researches have shown that the “rod “ tends to produce children who are more aggressive than their peers.

6.Directions： Each of the following translated sentences is inadequate. Revise the given versions and write your versions on the answer sheet.Example：原文：能為他的這本散文集子作序，我覺(jué)得很榮幸。譯文：To write a preface to this collection of his essay gives me a great honor.改譯：I find it a great honor to write a preface to this collection of his essays.原文：黑人婦女入獄的比率比白人婦女高八倍。

7. 原文：有一年的冬初，四叔家里要換女工，做中人的衛(wèi)老婆子帶她進(jìn)來(lái)了。

8. 原文：我生在上海長(zhǎng)在上海。

9. 原文：二十年來(lái)，我國(guó)的航天事業(yè)從勝利走向新的勝利。

10. 原文：總之，合邏輯，合文法和運(yùn)用較好的修辭，這三點(diǎn)請(qǐng)你們?cè)趯?xiě)文章的時(shí)候注意。

五、Passage Translation(30 points, 15 points each)Translate the following passage into Chinese. Write your translation on the Answer Sheet.

11. 原文：Some people say that dreaming is very important, that it can predict future troubles and joys, or that the monsters and demons in our dreams represent our deepest anxieties and fears. Some others, though,, say that a nightmare does not necessarily have a negative meaning. For example, dreaming of your own death may be highly frightening, wake you up in the middle of the night, and make you sweat all over. The meaning of this dream, however, is not death, but a turning point in life, a promising and a full success. Likewise, dreaming of finding money may actually mean you will lose something. Still some others would say, you cannot just say that a good dream means something bad and vice versa. It all depends on the circumstances. Take dreaming of water for example, clear water can indicate riches, and muddy water indicates disputes. If the water is hot, then you must guard against unexpected dangers.

12.B. Directions： Translate the following passage into English and write your translation on the answer sheet.(15 points)原文：中華民族時(shí)由五十六個(gè)民族組成的家庭。從遙遠(yuǎn)的古代起，我國(guó)各族人民就建立了緊密的整治，經(jīng)濟(jì)，文化聯(lián)系，共同開(kāi)發(fā)了祖國(guó)的河山。中國(guó)在兩千多年前就形成了幅員廣闊的統(tǒng)一國(guó)家。悠久的中華文化成為維系民族團(tuán)結(jié)和國(guó)家統(tǒng)一的牢固紐帶。團(tuán)結(jié)統(tǒng)一深深印在中國(guó)人的民族意識(shí)中。