?英語詞匯學(xué)2014年10月真題試題（00832）

英語詞匯學(xué)2014年10月真題試題及答案解析（00832）

英語詞匯學(xué)2014年10月真題試題及答案解析（00832），本試卷共51個(gè)小題，總共100分。

一、單項(xiàng)選擇題

Each of the statements below is followed by four alternative answers. Choose the one that best completes the statement and put the letter in the bracket. (30%)

1.Of all the characteristics listed for the basic word stock the most important is____.

A.all national character
B.collocability
C.stability
D.productivity

2.Which of the following words is NOT one of the aliens?

A.Kowtow.
B.Bazaar.
C.Mother tongue.
D.Status quo.

3.Which of the following statements is NOT true?

A.A word is the smallest form of a language.
B.A word is a sound unity.
C.A word has a given meaning.
D.A word can be used freely in a sentence.

4.The language used between 1150 and____is called Middle English.

A.1250
B.1500
C.1850
D.1700

5.The five Romance languages, namely, Portuguese, Spanish, French, Italian, Roumanian all belong to the Italic through an intermediate language called ____.

A.Latin
B.Greek
C.Russian
D.Spanish

6.Which of the following words does NOT belong to the words of French origin?

A.Skirt.
B.State.
C.Roast.
D.Crime.

7.Which of the following words does NOT have a suffix?

A.Northward.
B.Snowy.
C.Happy.
D.Worker.

8.Derivational affixes are affixes added to other morphemes to create new words. Which of the following words does NOT have a derivational affix?

A.Reread.
B.Prewar.
C.Postwar.
D.Postcard.

9.How many free morphemic words are there in the following words: wind, man, reddish, collection?

A.1
B.2
C.3
D.4

10.Which of the following words contains a number prefix?

A.Amoral.
B.Disunite.
C.Antiwar.
D.Bicycle.

11.Which of the following words is an example of blending?

A.Smog.
B.Sandwich.
C.Quake.
D.NATO.

12.The verbal phrase “fall down” can be turned into a noun compound as____.

A.falling down
B.downfall
C.fall-down
D.fallen-down

13.The following words are onomatopoetically motivated words EXCEPT ____.

A.bang
B.miniskirt
C.quack
D.hiss

14.The word “mother” is often associated with “l(fā)ove”，“care”，“tenderness”，“forgiving”，etc. In this sense, the word “mother” conveys____.

A.connotative meaning
B.stylistic meaning
C.affective meaning
D.collocative meaning

15.Which of the following statements is true?

A.Collocation cannot affect the meaning of words.
B.Unlike conceptual meaning, associative meaning is unstable and indeterminate.
C.Affective meaning indicates the listener^ attitude towards the person or thing in question.
D.Grammatical meaning refers to the part of speech, tenses of verbs and stylistic features of words.

16.Words are____symbols and independent identities so far as their outer facet — spelling and pronunciation, is concerned.

A.arbitrary
B.clear
C.traditional
D.cultural

17.When a word was created, it was endowed with only one meaning, which is called the primary meaning. Which of the following is the primary meaning of the word “face”?

A.A surface of a thing.
B.The topography (of an area).
C.The front of the head.
D.Outward aspect.

18.“Comprehend” and “understand” are synonyms, but “understand” is used in a much more extended sense than “comprehend”. The above example shows there is difference in ____between near-synonyms.

A.denotation
B.connotation
C.application
D.implication

19.Word-meaning changes by the following modes EXCEPT____.

A.narrowing
B.broadening
C.transfer
D.elevation

20.The word “journal” originally meant mere “daily paper”，but now has come to include any “periodical”. The above example reflects one type of changes in word meaning,that is，____.

A.extension
B.narrowing
C.degradation
D.elevation

21.Which of the following is one of the linguistic factors that cause the change of meaning?

A.Social classes.
B.Scientific discovery.
C.Psychological motives.
D.Analogy.

22.The meaning of a word may be influenced by the structure in which it occurs. This is what we call____context.

A.lexical
B.grammatical
C.structural
D.non-linguistic

23.Ambiguity often arises due to____，as is shown in the sentence “He is a hard businessman"， in which “hard” can mean both “hardworking” and “difficult”.

A.polysemy
B.homonymy
C.synonymy
D.antonymy

24.The context clue used in “It’s just one more incredible result of the development of microprocessors — those tiny parts of a computer commonly known as ‘silicon chip’” is____.

A.definition
B.explanation
C.example
D.relevant details

25.Which of the following is NOT one type of figures of speech?

A.Addition.
B.Personification.
C.Euphemism,
D.Metaphor.

26.Which of the following rhetorical features can be seen in the idiom “bag and baggage”?

A.Rhyme.
B.Alliteration.
C.Juxtaposition.
D.Synecdoche.

27.The change in the idiom “take short views” from the original form “take long views” is____.

A.dismembering
B.position-shifting
C.replacement
D.shortening

28.Which of the following is NOT one of the three good general dictionaries?

A.Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English.
B.Webster"s Third New International Dictionary.
C.A Chinese-English Dictionary.
D.Collins COBUILD English Language Dictionary,

29.Readers will usually find the following areas of information of a word in a general dictionary EXCEPT____.

A.difference with its synonyms
B.definition
C.pronunciation
D.usage

30.American dictionaries generally use____ to mark the pronunciation.

A.British Phonetic Alphabet
B.American Phonetic Alphabet
C.International Phonetic Alphabet
D.Webster’s Phonetic Alphabet

二、填空題

Complete the following statements with proper words or expressions according to the course book. (15%)

11.As far as the origins of the words are concerned, English words can be classified into ____ words and borrowed words.

12.If we say that Old English was a language of full endings, Middle English was one of ____endings.

13.The morpheme is the ____ functioning unit in the composition of words.

14.“Bad-mouth” used as a verb can take the past tense marker e.g. “He bad-mouthed me.”This example shows a compound tends to play a single ____ role in a sentence.

15.In synonymous pairs such as "die — pass away”, “ask — question”, each pair has the same but different socio-cultural and stylistic values.

16.Synchronically, is viewed as the coexistence of various meanings of the same word in a certain historical period of time, say, Modem English.

17.The word “garage” originally simply meant “any safe place”，but now means “a place for storing cars”. Such kind of change in word-meaning is called .

18. is very important for the understanding of word-meaning, for without it there is no way to determine the very sense of the word that the speaker intended to convey.

19.The idiom “cut and dried” is in nature.

110.Three good general dictionaries are LDCE, CCELD and .

三、名詞解釋

Define the following terms. (15%)

21.neologism

22.affixes

23.semantic motivation

24.elevation

25.metonymy

四、簡答題

Answer the following questions. Your answers should be clear and short. Write your answers in the space given below. (20%)

31.What are the three main sources of new words in present-day English vocabulary? Match the following expressions with the three sources as examples.“green revolution”，“fast food’’，“the fourth world”，“Mao jackets”，“open heart surgery ”

32.a) They now eat better food, live in better houses, and wear better clothes than ever before,b) They are now better fed, better housed, and better clothed than ever before.Compare the above two sentences and explain the effect of using nouns as verbs.

33.Explain what is polysemy from the diachronic point of view.

34.What does the underlined word mean in the following sentence and what contextual clue is used?“Do you know the (architect)? He designed St. Paul’s Cathedral.”

五、分析題

Analyze and comment on the following. Write your answers in the space given below. (20%)

41.I want to be TV’s (czar) of script and grammar.“Czar” in the above sentence is used to be a proper noun. Explain its meaning in relation to its origin.

42.Comment on the following groups of words in terms of types of antonyms: contradictory terms, contrary terms, relative terms.“same - different”，“hot - cold’’，“parent - child”