?2008年4月自考英語(yǔ)(二)00015真題試卷及答案（完整版）

2008年4月高等教育自學(xué)考試全國(guó)統(tǒng)一命題考試

英語(yǔ)(二)試卷

(課程代碼0015)

本試卷共9頁(yè)，滿分l00分，考試時(shí)間l50分鐘。

Ⅰ.Vocabulary and Structure(10 points，1 point for each item)

從下列各句四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出一個(gè)最佳答案，并在答題紙上將相應(yīng)的字母涂黑。

1.The government finally ____ all the documents relating to the war.

A.released B.specialized

C.realized D.supposed

2.Anxiety can ____ with children’s performance at school.

A.refer B.prefer

C.infer D.interfere

3.New drivers are far more ____ to have accidents than experienced drivers.

A.possible B.1ikely

C.probable D.unlikely

4.That proposal is essentially irrelevant ____ the issue at hand.

A.with B.from

C.in D.to

5.The vehicle was traveling at speeds ____ 90 miles per hour.

A.in addition to B.in view of

C.in excess of D.in search of

6.Fish is ____ and expensive at this time of the year in this area.

A.in large measure

B.to the minimum

C.in short supply

D.to the maximum

7.To understand the sentence，you should analyze its parts ____ .

A.functionally B.widely

C.1argely D.remarkably

8.The cloth had a natural look which perfectly ____ the image Laura sought.

A.turned out B.set down .

C.thought over D.coincided with

9. The farming methods have been ____ improved with the invention of the new

machine.

A.efficiently B.proficiently

C.professionally D.intentionally

10.It has been found that a strong ____ helps overcome the effects of distraction.

A.interruption B.motivation

C.evaluation D.destination

Ⅱ.Cloze Test(10 points，1 point for each item)

下列短文中有十個(gè)空白，每個(gè)空白有四個(gè)選項(xiàng)。根據(jù)上下文要求選出最佳答案，并在答題紙上將相應(yīng)的字母涂黑。

Have you ever seen the man in the moon? If you look ll at the moon on some nights，you can see the face of the mail in the moon.Some people say that they can see an old man l2 sticks.Others say a girl reading.These pictures are made by the mountains and plains of the moon.

Long ago people in England used to tell their children that the moon was 13 green cheese.Everyone knows that this is not true.The moon is a large round rock.It is completely l4 .There are no trees and plants of any kind on the moon.There are no rivers and seas.There are no living things.It never rains on the moon，and everything is covered with l5 ，white dust.Not even a l6 can be heard on the noon.

Where the Sun l7 on it，the moon is very hot.In the dark，however, it is cold l8 ice.The moon is much smaller than the earth.It does not weigh as 19 as the earth.If you 20 to the moon，you would weigh six times less than you do. Even a fat man would be able to jump high off the ground.

11.A.closely B.scarcely C.daily D.immediately

12.A.to carry B.carrying C.carried D.carries

13.A.made up B.made out C.made of D.made over

14.A.hollow B.vacant C.empty D.bare

15.A.damp B.dry C.weighty D.colored

16.A.volume B.voice C.sound D.scream

17.A.shines B.glitters C.burns D.1ights

18.A.1ike B.as C.with D.in

19.A.much B.many C.plenty D.heavy

20.A.go B.will go C.going D.went

Ⅲ.Reading Comprehension(30 points，2 points for each item)

從下列每篇短文的問(wèn)題后所給的四個(gè)選擇項(xiàng)中選出一個(gè)最佳答案，并在答題

紙上將相應(yīng)的字母涂黑。

Passage One

Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage.

In March 2004，Joe Ryan got a notice from a billing agency for a hospital near Denveg Colorado.The hospital wanted payment for surgery totaling $41，1 88.Ryan had never set foot in that hospital.Obviously there was some mistake.“I thought it was a joke，”says Ryan.

But when he called the billing agency, nobody laughed.Someone，who’s also named Joe Ryan，using Ryan’s Social Security number, had indeed been admixed for surgery.He figured clearing this up would take a just few phone calls.

Two years later, Ryan continues to suffer from the damage to his credit rating and still doesn’t know if his medical record has been cleared of wrong information.

Joe Ryan was the victim of a little—known but frightening type of consumer cheating that is on the rise：medical identity theft，which involves using your name to get drugs，expensive medical treatment and even cheating insurance payments.

As Ryan discovered，money isn’t the half of it.When someone steals your name to receive health care，his medical history becomes part of your record--and setting the record straight Can be extremely difficult.That’s because，in part，the information is handed out among dozens of caregivers，from doctors to medicine stores to insurance companies and labs.

“I wanted to help straighten this out，”says Ryan，“So I went to the hospital，and they had a three-inch—thick record for me.but they wouldn’t let me see it.I showed them my ID，and they said that’s not Joe Ryan’s signature.Well，of course not! They had this other guy’s signature.”

Ryan had fallen into a victim’s Catch-22：If your record doesn’t appear to be yours，you may not have the right to read it，much less change it.

Ryan’s next step was a visit to the police department.But the police said that there was not much they could d0，that the local.1aw enforcement has little experience with medical ID theft，and cases like this can end up being considered  a civil matter.

21.The billing agency sent Joe Ryan’s a notice to ____

A. play a joke on him for medical treatment

B. inform him of the payment for his surgery

C. clear up the wrong information in his medical record

D. correct the mistakes about payment for his surgery

22.Joe Ryan initially thought his problem was ____

A.easy to settle

B.difficult to settle

C.impossible to solve

D.unnecessary to solve

23.The number of the medical identity theft cases is ____

A.increasing

B.decreasing

C.countable

D.changeable

24.An even worse consequence of medical ID theft is ____

A. some trouble in obtaining insurance payments

B. a big loss of money and damage to credit rating

C. the widely spread medical information of the victim

D. the difficulty in changing the wrong medical history

25.It can be known mat the medical ID theft is ____

A.a civil matter

B.a medical case

C.a political issue

D.a domestic event

Passage Two

Questions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage

Rob Reiner, co-founder of Castle Rock Entertainment，was greatly surprised when he saw his studio’s film Proof of Life.“Wow, why is Meg Ryan smoking up a storm?” Reiner says.“It didn’t add to the plot.”Fourteen months later, Castle Rock has、a policy of discouraging tobacco use.Any actor, director or screenwriter who wants.to de, depict it must first meet with Reiner.‘‘They have to make a really good case，”he says. “Movies are basically advertising cigarettes to kids.”

Movie characters light up more often than people do in real life，argues Stanton Glantz, a professor of medicine who has launched a “Smoke-Free Movies” newspaper ad campaign.His study found that on average the 20 top-grossing film featured 50% more instances of smoking an hour in 2000 than in l 960.And an American Lung Association survey discovered that 61%of the tobacco use in films last year occurred in movies rated G, PG and PG-l3.With teen smoking up dramatically in the past decade，a movement is building to hold Hollywood accountable.So Glantz says，“The entertainment industry is in denial.”

But it’s getting an education.Susan Moses, deputy director of Harvard’s Center for Health Communication，and Lindsay Doran，former head of United Artists，have been going from one studio to another.They hit the bosses with hard  facts：a million teens a year become daily smokers.and a third of those will eventually die from tobacco—related illness.When Doran and Moses met with executives from Imagine Pictures，says Doran，“They said，‘Smoking is not in any of our scripts.’But then they called the next day and said，‘We looked，and it’s everywhere.’”Karen Kehela, co-chairman of Imagine，recalls trying to take smoking out of one script after the meeting，“but the actor insisted on smoking，”she says.In fact，many movie stars can’t leave their cigarettes in the dressing room.“Actors who smoke look for any reason to integrate it into their characters，”Reiner says. “‘You have directors who don’t care about the social implications or are yielding to the actors.”

26.Reiner Was astonished at the film Proof of life made In his studio because

A.one of the characters smoked a lot

B.smoking added something to the plot

C.smoking in the film resulted in a storm

D.tobacco use was prohibited from films

27.Glantz found that the number of smoking scenes in hit movies were

higher than 40 years ago.

A.20% B.50% C.61% D.80%

28.The word “it” in Line 4.Para1 refers to .

A.film B.plot C.smoking D.advertising

29.Executives from Imagine Pictures

A. failed to tell actors about the seriousness of tobacco use

B. should have informed actors of the bad effects of smoking

C. didn’t admit the existence of tobacco use scenes in their films

D. didn’t know there were smoking scenes in their movies at first

30.In Reiner’s opinion， should be held mainly responsible for smoking

scenes in movies.

A.bosses B.actors

C.directors D.screenwriters

Passage Three

Questions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage.

I met him on the Internet and we chatted for several months.Every time I suggested we meet in person，he would come up with an excuse.I thought it was strange--but he told me that he had not gotten over the death of his wife and he was still grieving for her.

I thought that he needed a friend and decided that I could be that friend.We sent cards，exchanged gifts，talked on the phone and I was sure that we would meet someday.I had spoken with his children so I was sure that what he told me was true.I could not wait for the day when we would meet.I was so looking forward to being able to reach out and touch him.To hug him，to hold him and feel his big strong arms around me.

After almost two years of time，thousands of dollars on long distance phone calls，I was very frustrated at the endless stream of excuses as to why we could never seem to make a time to meet.Finally，I contacted the website-WhoisHecom and asked if they could check out the man who had taken up so much of my heart，my energy and my life.I had enough information about him and felt that if I could confirm what he had been telling me一I could feel okay about these delays.I had hopes that I didn’t want to dash if he was telling the truth.I believed I could wait a little while longer.

Well，I am glad that I decided to have him checked out-he was nothing he claimed to be.He was first and foremost a married man.He was not a man grieving for the loss of his wife. He was a man cheating on his wife，with me-一and I found out later.with countless others on the “net”.He did not care that he had hurt me in a very deep and pathetic way.He talked of spending his life together with me.He told my son that he wanted to make me happy.Basically，he just lied.He was such a good liar I did not see it coming.It was as if he had been able to worm his way into my heart--and hedidn’t care about the effect he had on my hopes and dreams.

Each of US should look at the signs that are so clear if we are willing to see them.Do not let someone keep making excuse after excuse.If something feels wrong-一likely it is.It is good to know the truth and be able to deal with it.Next time I will pay more attention—may never be able to trust someone online again.

31.It can be inferred from Para.4 that

A. the man was a single person in reality

B. the woman was the man’s only girlfriend

C. the man had too many girlfriends on the net

D. the woman had countless online boyfriends

32.The job of WhoisHe.com is to

A.help people find true love

B.write single men’s biographies

C.verify the truth of friends’ words

D.offer information about single men

33.It Can be concluded from the passage that

A.the man loved his wife passionately

B.the woman loved the man deeply

C.the man dearly loved the woman

D.the woman hated the man’s wife

34.The woman felt badly hurt because she

A.gave many gifts to the man

B.spent a lot of time with the marl

C.failed to find true love from the man

D。spent too much money on the phone

35.The last paragraph probably indicates that the woman

A.was outraged at the truth

B.Was used to being cheated

C.found the truth at the beginning

D.came to know she Was cheated

Ⅳ.Word Spelling(10 points，1 point for two items)

將下列漢語(yǔ)單詞譯成英語(yǔ)。每個(gè)單詞的詞類、首字母及字母數(shù)目均已給出。

請(qǐng)將完整的單詞寫(xiě)在答題紙上。

36.零 n. z_ _ _ 37.木制的，木頭的 a. w_ _ _ _ _

38.想象力;視覺(jué) n. v _ _ _ _ _ 39.抓住，奪取 vt.s _ _ _ _

40.巨大的，極大的 a.t _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 41.懸掛;暫停 vt. s_ _ _ _ _

42.日常的，例行的 a. r_ _ _ _ _ _ 43.準(zhǔn)時(shí)的，正點(diǎn)的 a.p_ _ _ _ _ _ _

44.展望，前景 n. o_ _ _ _ _ 45.氮 n. n_ _ _ _ _ _ _

46.混合，混合物 n. m_ _ _ _ _ 47.照明 n. l_ _ _ _ _ _ _

48.一月 n. J_ _ _ _ _ 49.變緊，擰緊v. t_ _ _ _ _ _

50.英俊的，漂亮的以 a. h _ _ _ _ _ _ 51.地理，地理學(xué) n. g_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _

52.有成果的，有收獲的a.f_ _ _ _ _ _ _ 53.熄滅，消滅n.e_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _

54.干旱季節(jié)，旱災(zāi) n. d_ _ _ _ _ _ 55.消耗，花費(fèi)vt.c_ _ _ _ _ _

V.Word Form(10 points，1 point for each item)

將括號(hào)中的各詞變?yōu)檫m當(dāng)?shù)男问教钊肟瞻?。答案?xiě)在答題紙上。

56.Her fingers trembled while ______ (sign)the document.

57.But for the traffic accident，we would have arrived a bit ______ (early).

58.The computer has made our life ______ (color).

59.That wasn’t a nice way ______ (speak)to your teacher.

60.If you had been here yesterday, you ______ (see)his father.

61.These two classes of words，______ (take)together, make up the whole vocabulary.

62.I think what he said is closely related to the topic of our ______ (converse).

63.As with anything carried to excess，daydreaming can be ______ (harm).

64.The boy, who didn’t read the instructions ______ (care)，turned off the wrong switch.

65.Jack has been studying here for four years;by the summer he ______(graduate).

VI.Translation from Chinese into English(15 points，3 points for each item) 將下列各句譯成英語(yǔ)并將答案寫(xiě)在答題紙上。

66.人們?cè)絹?lái)越注重生活的質(zhì)量。

67.即使生氣，你講話也要禮貌、自然。

68.由于造價(jià)過(guò)于昂貴，許多人都反對(duì)在市中心建造新賓館。

69.他對(duì)保險(xiǎn)業(yè)的了解相當(dāng)有限。

70.他們幾乎沒(méi)意識(shí)到已完成了一項(xiàng)重大科學(xué)發(fā)現(xiàn)。

Ⅷ.Translation from English into Chinese (15 points， 3points for each item)

將下列短文譯成漢語(yǔ)并將答案寫(xiě)在答題紙上。

There are three kinds of book owners.The first has all the standard sets and Best-sellers--unread，untouched.This type of person owns paper and ink, not books.The second has a great many books a few of them read through, most of them browsed through，but all of them as clean and shiny as the day they were bought.This person would probably like to make books his own，but is held back by a respect for their physical appearance.The third has a few books or many--every one of them dogeared (卷邊的)，shaken and loosened by continual use，marked and scribbled in from front to back.This man owns books.

2008年4月高等教育自學(xué)考試全國(guó)統(tǒng)一命題考試

英語(yǔ)(二)試題答案及評(píng)分參考

(課程代碼0015)

Ⅰ.Vocabulary and Structure(本大題共l0小題，每小題l分，共10分)

1. B 2.D 3.B 4.D 5.C

6. C 7.A 8.D 9.A l0.B

Ⅱ.Cloze Test(本大題共l0小題，每小題l分，共10分)

11. A 12.B l3.C l4.D 15. B

16. C 17.A l8.B l9.A 20. D

Ⅲ.Reading Comprehension (本大題共l5小題，每小題2分，共30分)

21. D 22.A 23.A 24.D 25.A

26. B 27.B 28.C 29.D 30.B

31. B 32. D 33.B 34.C 35.D

Ⅳ.Word Spelling(本大題共20小題，每?jī)尚☆}1分，共10分)

36. activate 37.Wooden 38.vision 39.Seize 40.tremendous

41. network 42.routine 43.punctual 44.Outlook 45.nitrogen

46. satisfaction47.1ighting 48.January 49.Tighten 50.handsome

51. modest 52.fruitful 53.extinction 54.Drought 55.consume

[評(píng)分參考]多寫(xiě)、少寫(xiě)或錯(cuò)寫(xiě)一個(gè)字母均為錯(cuò)。

Ⅴ.Word Form(本大題共l0小題，每小題1分，共10分)

56. successful 57.earlier 58.colorful 59.to speak

60.would have seen 61. simplify 62.Conversation 63.harmful

64.carefully 65.will have graduated

[評(píng)分參考]語(yǔ)法錯(cuò)誤或拼寫(xiě)錯(cuò)誤均不給分

Ⅵ.Translation from Chinese into English(本大題共5小題，每小題3分，共15分)

66.People are becoming more and more concerned with the quality of life.

People attach more and more importance to the quality of life.

67.Speak politely and naturally even if you are angry.

68.Many people opposed/were against building a ne w hotel in the center of the city because of the great cost.

69.His knowledge about insurance is rather limited.

70.Little did they realize that they had made an important discovery in science.

They hardly realized that they had made an important discovery in science.

[評(píng)分參考]

(1)主要語(yǔ)法錯(cuò)誤(如動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)態(tài)、虛擬語(yǔ)氣、主謂一致、否定、疑問(wèn)以及其他句型

錯(cuò)誤)或影響基本句意的重要用詞錯(cuò)誤扣1分。

(2)非基本語(yǔ)法錯(cuò)誤(如介詞、代詞、冠詞、二人寫(xiě)、標(biāo)點(diǎn)等錯(cuò)誤)以及不影響基本句意的

用詞錯(cuò)誤每?jī)商幙踠分。

(3)拼寫(xiě)錯(cuò)誤每?jī)商幙踠分。拼寫(xiě)錯(cuò)誤本大題總扣分不超過(guò)3分。

(4)如所用句型與答案不一致，只要語(yǔ)言和意義正確，均應(yīng)給分。

Ⅶ.Translation from English into Chinese(本大題共l5分)

書(shū)的主入有三種。第一種人擁有各種成套自句精裝二抒籍和暢銷書(shū)，但都從未讀過(guò)、也從未碰過(guò)。這種人所擁有的不是書(shū)籍，只不過(guò)是紙張和油墨而已。第二種人藏有許多書(shū)籍，有幾本細(xì)讀過(guò)，大多數(shù)只是瀏覽了一下，可是所有的書(shū)都象剛買(mǎi)來(lái)時(shí)那樣整潔、光亮。此人也許希望使書(shū)真的為他所有，但對(duì)書(shū)籍外表的尊重束縛了他。第三種人擁有的書(shū)或多或少，由于不斷的翻閱，每本書(shū)都已卷角破損，書(shū)頁(yè)松動(dòng)，并且從頭到尾都劃滿記號(hào)，寫(xiě)滿東西。這才是書(shū)的真正主人。

[評(píng)分參考]

短文英譯漢的評(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)按譯文質(zhì)量分為l5-l3分、l2—10分、9—7分、6-4分和3—1

分五個(gè)檔次。各檔次標(biāo)準(zhǔn)如下：

(1)15—13分。全文翻譯正確或基本正確，漢語(yǔ)表達(dá)通順。

(2)12—10分。全文主要內(nèi)容翻譯正確或基本正確，漢語(yǔ)表達(dá)通順，但有少數(shù)語(yǔ)句翻譯錯(cuò)誤。

(3)9-7分。全文不少于一半的內(nèi)容基本正確，漢語(yǔ)表達(dá)尚通順，有一些語(yǔ)句翻譯錯(cuò)誤。

(4)6-4分。少部分內(nèi)容翻譯基本正確，有較多的語(yǔ)句翻譯錯(cuò)誤。

(5)3—1分。僅譯對(duì)個(gè)別句子。

(6)全文譯錯(cuò)或譯出零星單詞或全文未譯，不給分。

(7)缺譯的語(yǔ)句按完全譯錯(cuò)處理。

根據(jù)以上評(píng)分檔次描述，評(píng)分可在相應(yīng)的檔次內(nèi)上下浮動(dòng)。

2008年4月高等教育自學(xué)考試全國(guó)統(tǒng)一命題考試

英語(yǔ)(二)試題答案及評(píng)分參考

(課程代碼0015)

Ⅰ.Vocabulary and Structure(本大題共l0小題，每小題l分，共10分)

1. B 2.D 3.B 4.D 5.C

6. C 7.A 8.D 9.A l0.B

Ⅱ.Cloze Test(本大題共l0小題，每小題l分，共10分)

11. A 12.B l3.C l4.D 15. B

16. C 17.A l8.B l9.A 20. D

Ⅲ.Reading Comprehension (本大題共l5小題，每小題2分，共30分)

21. D 22.A 23.A 24.D 25.A

26. B 27.B 28.C 29.D 30.B

31. B 32. D 33.B 34.C 35.D

Ⅳ.Word Spelling(本大題共20小題，每?jī)尚☆}1分，共10分)

36. activate 37.Wooden 38.vision 39.Seize 40.tremendous

41. network 42.routine 43.punctual 44.Outlook 45.nitrogen

46. satisfaction47.1ighting 48.January 49.Tighten 50.handsome

51. modest 52.fruitful 53.extinction 54.Drought 55.consume

[評(píng)分參考]多寫(xiě)、少寫(xiě)或錯(cuò)寫(xiě)一個(gè)字母均為錯(cuò)。

Ⅴ.Word Form(本大題共l0小題，每小題1分，共10分)

56. successful 57.earlier 58.colorful 59.to speak

60.would have seen 61. simplify 62.Conversation 63.harmful

64.carefully 65.will have graduated

[評(píng)分參考]語(yǔ)法錯(cuò)誤或拼寫(xiě)錯(cuò)誤均不給分

Ⅵ.Translation from Chinese into English(本大題共5小題，每小題3分，共15分)

66.People are becoming more and more concerned with the quality of life.

People attach more and more importance to the quality of life.

67.Speak politely and naturally even if you are angry.

68.Many people opposed/were against building a ne w hotel in the center of the city because of the great cost.

69.His knowledge about insurance is rather limited.

70.Little did they realize that they had made an important discovery in science.

They hardly realized that they had made an important discovery in science.

[評(píng)分參考]

(1)主要語(yǔ)法錯(cuò)誤(如動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)態(tài)、虛擬語(yǔ)氣、主謂一致、否定、疑問(wèn)以及其他句型錯(cuò)誤)或影響基本句意的重要用詞錯(cuò)誤扣1分。

(2)非基本語(yǔ)法錯(cuò)誤(如介詞、代詞、冠詞、二人寫(xiě)、標(biāo)點(diǎn)等錯(cuò)誤)以及不影響基本句意的用詞錯(cuò)誤每?jī)商幙踠分。

(3)拼寫(xiě)錯(cuò)誤每?jī)商幙踠分。拼寫(xiě)錯(cuò)誤本大題總扣分不超過(guò)3分。

(4)如所用句型與答案不一致，只要語(yǔ)言和意義正確，均應(yīng)給分。

Ⅶ.Translation from English into Chinese(本大題共l5分)

書(shū)的主入有三種。第一種人擁有各種成套自句精裝二抒籍和暢銷書(shū)，但都從未讀過(guò)、也從未碰過(guò)。這種人所擁有的不是書(shū)籍，只不過(guò)是紙張和油墨而已。第二種人藏有許多書(shū)籍，有幾本細(xì)讀過(guò)，大多數(shù)只是瀏覽了一下，可是所有的書(shū)都象剛買(mǎi)來(lái)時(shí)那樣整潔、光亮。此人也許希望使書(shū)真的為他所有，但對(duì)書(shū)籍外表的尊重束縛了他。第三種人擁有的書(shū)或多或少，由于不斷的翻閱，每本書(shū)都已卷角破損，書(shū)頁(yè)松動(dòng)，并且從頭到尾都劃滿記號(hào)，寫(xiě)滿東西。這才是書(shū)的真正主人。

[評(píng)分考]

短文英譯漢的評(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)按譯文質(zhì)量分為l5-l3分、l2—10分、9—7分、6-4分和3—1分五個(gè)檔次。各檔次標(biāo)準(zhǔn)如下：

(1)15—13分。全文翻譯正確或基本正確，漢語(yǔ)表達(dá)通順。

(2)12—10分。全文主要內(nèi)容翻譯正確或基本正確，漢語(yǔ)表達(dá)通順，但有少數(shù)語(yǔ)句翻譯錯(cuò)誤。

(3)9-7分。全文不少于一半的內(nèi)容基本正確，漢語(yǔ)表達(dá)尚通順，有一些語(yǔ)句翻譯錯(cuò)誤。

(4)6-4分。少部分內(nèi)容翻譯基本正確，有較多的語(yǔ)句翻譯錯(cuò)誤。

(5)3—1分。僅譯對(duì)個(gè)別句子。

(6)全文譯錯(cuò)或譯出零星單詞或全文未譯，不給分。

(7)缺譯的語(yǔ)句按完全譯錯(cuò)處理。

根據(jù)以上評(píng)分檔次描述，評(píng)分可在相應(yīng)的檔次內(nèi)上下浮動(dòng)。